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                <text>Ciceronis eloqventiae parentis epistolae breviores, odoci Badii Ascensii conficiendarum epiftolarum compendium, Michael Alchouer Patauien lectors</text>
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                <text> Viennae Pannoniae, per Hieronymum Vietorem expenfis Leonardi I Lucae A lantfae fratru</text>
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                <text>Robert Estienne (1503-1559) was the second son of printer Henri Estienne. After his father’s death in 1520, he collaborated with his older brother François and Simon de Colines (whose printer’s device we see in another item on display in this cabinet). Estienne was renowned for being one of the most erudite of his century, notably being named royal printer for Hebrew and Latin. Robert’s device is that of a serpent wrapped around an olive tree, alluding, most likely, to the tree of knowledge. However, there is a more personal meaning hidden within the device, perhaps something of an “in joke”, the Estienne printing shop was on Rue St-Jean-de-Beauvois in Paris, “at the sign of the Olive”. The motto contained within the device reads “Noli altum sapere, sed time” (“Be not high-minded, but fear”), a quote which stems from St. Paul’s Epistle to the Romans. </text>
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                <text> Le Francophile, pour très-grand, très chrestien, très-magnanime &amp; très-belliqueux prince Henry Auguste IIII, roy de France &amp; de Navarre, contre les conspirations du roy d'Espagne, du pape &amp; des rebelles de France</text>
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                <text>The endleaves of this book house a text on the wars of religion which occurred during the reign of Henri IV, specifically on the war that was titled the “Guerre des trois Henri” in 1585. The text speaks primarily of the Huguenots.</text>
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                <text>In a fine and elegant script, the annotations appearing in the margins of the work by Papinus are of the hand of a French reader. Due to the distance of several centuries, it is difficult to identify the commentator, but the annotations appear to be an attempt to summarize the contents of certain paragraphs of this Latin text. </text>
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                <text>This book offers a typical example of the classic formula of “promise” and “reward” that one regularly finds in books of the 15th and 16th centuries. The phrasing varies as per the personality and humour of the owner and how much value he assigns to his book. Certain owners promise blessings or rewards to those who return his property in cases of loss, as is the case here with citizen Jean-Baptiste Fortin le Jeune, who will “pay a reasonable reward”. Others seem more vindictive, promising eternal damnation to anyone who dares to not return his property.</text>
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                <text> A Mons, Chez Gaspard Migeot, à l'enseigne des trois vertus,</text>
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                  <text>The Rare Book Collection includes  over 14,000 printed books from the 15th to the 20th centuries which cover subjects such as medicine, law, literature, philosophy, natural sciences, geography, science, architecture, history, arts, etc. The collection includes books published in Europe and America, but there is also a significant collection  of Canadiana, including periodicals.</text>
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                <text>A Venetian, Gabriele Giolito de Ferrari (1508-1578), established a bookstore and printing shop in Venice with his father, named “Liberia del Fenice” (the Phoenix bookstore). As we have seen with other printer’s devices, the mark may illustrate the locale or name of the shop or of the printer. Giolito de’ Ferrari’s mark depicts a Phoenix (i.e. Fenice) rising from the fire below. Giolito’s motto is “Semper eadem”, which translates as “Always the same”. It describes, most certainly, the fate of the Phoenix, which rejuvenates itself on a perpetual basis, but, perhaps, also the nature of printing: but for the wearing out of type, a text can be printed in relative perpetuity once set. </text>
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                <text>Archives and Special Collections, University of Ottawa [PA 6399 .A1 1559] </text>
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                <text>Vinegia, Apresso Gabriel Giolito de Ferrari</text>
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                <text>Archives and Special Collections, University of Ottawa </text>
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            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>ARSC_PR_PA 6399 .A1 1559</text>
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                  <text>Rare Books Collection </text>
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                  <text>The Rare Book Collection includes  over 14,000 printed books from the 15th to the 20th centuries which cover subjects such as medicine, law, literature, philosophy, natural sciences, geography, science, architecture, history, arts, etc. The collection includes books published in Europe and America, but there is also a significant collection  of Canadiana, including periodicals.</text>
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                <text>Recueil des opéra, des balets, &amp; des plus belles pièces en musique, qui ont été représentées depuis dix ou douze ans jusques à présent devant Sa Majesté Tres-Ché́tienne,  suivant la copie de Paris</text>
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                <text>In this work and in others, we see very fine lines in red that delineate different spaces on the page for the printed text. This work carries over the medieval practice used by manuscript copyists, that is, the ruling of spaces in the text in preparation for script to be recopied. These lines are unnecessary for the typesetting and printing processes, but it is an aesthetic acknowledgement of the printing technique used by medieval scribes. </text>
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                <text>Archives and Special Collections, University of Ottawa [ML48 .R27 1690]</text>
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                <text>Amsterdam, Chez Abraham Wolfgang</text>
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                <text>Archives and Special Collections, University of Ottawa </text>
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            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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                <text>Book</text>
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                <text>French</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>ARSC_PR_ML48 .R27 1690</text>
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