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                <text>Photo taken by Jessica Ozorak. April 5 2015.</text>
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                <text>Point Pleasant Park. Halifax, NS. Google Maps. Satellite. Accessed on April 5 2015.</text>
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                <text>Klondike Townsite Map - Gold Rush Discovery</text>
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                <text>This map is entitled the Klondike Gold Field and served as a tool for Gold seekers to find their way to the Klondike and to where the Gold was.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/klondikechicagor00chic"&gt;Klondike: The Chicago Record's book for gold seekers&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Original Publisher: S. J. McCarrell &amp;amp; Company&lt;br /&gt;Digital Publisher: &lt;a href="archive.org" target="_blank"&gt;Archive.org&lt;/a&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Digital Sponsor: &lt;a href="https://archive.org/details/university_of_illinois_urbana-champaign" target="_blank"&gt;University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>This image provides us with a lateral view of the marker and the decay it is undergoing.</text>
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                <text>This is a page from a field book that belonged to A. J. McPherson. The page describes what He and his team did on Tuesday August 16, 1901.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Field books were essential working documents for the early surveyors. In them, they recorded their findings and measurements. The books could also contain drawings and descriptions of land boundaries and features, information regarding the divisions and sub-divisions, description of trails, soil types, water quality and vegetation, location of bodies of water, report on the suitability of land and of course excerpts (comical at times) written perhaps for entertainment purposes. (Source: &lt;a href="https://www.isc.ca/About/History/LandSurveys/FieldBooks/Pages/Elements.aspx" target="_blank"&gt;Elements of a Field Book&lt;/a&gt;).</text>
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                <text>&lt;a title="Canada Lands Surveys" href="https://www.nrcan.gc.ca/earth-sciences/geomatics/canada-lands-surveys/10780" target="_blank"&gt;Canada Lands Surveys&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a title="Natural Resources Canada" href="https://www.nrcan.gc.ca/home" target="_blank"&gt;Natural Resources Canada&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Photo taken by Carine Trazo on February 12, 2015 at &lt;a title="LIMITS OF THE DAWSON AND KLONDIKE TOWNSITES" href="https://clss.nrcan.gc.ca/plan-eng.php?id=9060+CLSR+YT" target="_blank"&gt;Natural Resources Canada&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Taken on May 1898</text>
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                <text>This is a photograph of packers ascending the Chilkoot Pass. This is part of the souvenir viewbook "Souvenir of Alaska and Yukon Territory" illustrated by Eric A. Hegg</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="https://brbl-dl.library.yale.edu/vufind/Record/3527009" target="_blank"&gt;Yale Collection of Western Americana, Beinecke Rare Book and Manuscript Library&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Photo taken by Carine Trazo on February 12, 2015 at &lt;a title="LIMITS OF THE DAWSON AND KLONDIKE TOWNSITES" href="https://clss.nrcan.gc.ca/plan-eng.php?id=9060+CLSR+YT" target="_blank"&gt;Natural Resources Canada&lt;/a&gt;.</text>
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                <text>Government of Canada Open Government Licence https://open.canada.ca/en/open-government-licence-canada</text>
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                <text>This image points out to the exact location of the Wooden Post on the Klondike Townsite Map. The coordinates read 80º48’30”.&#13;
&#13;
It is important to note that early surveying coordinates or bearings were always in reference to another previous bearing. On the full map, a note indicates that the bearings of the survey were derived from the bearing S. 34º18’35”returned for the Eastern limit of Lot 3 Group 2 in the original survey.</text>
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                <text>This plan (9060 CLSR YT) represents the limits of the Dawson and Klondike Townsites which were surveyed by A.J. McPherson. It is the full scan of the original map.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a title="Canada Lands Surveys" href="https://www.nrcan.gc.ca/earth-sciences/geomatics/canada-lands-surveys/10780" target="_blank"&gt;Canada Lands Surveys&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a title="Natural Resources Canada" href="https://www.nrcan.gc.ca/home" target="_blank"&gt;Natural Resources Canada&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;&lt;a title="LIMITS OF THE DAWSON AND KLONDIKE TOWNSITES" href="https://clss.nrcan.gc.ca/plan-eng.php?id=9060+CLSR+YT" target="_blank"&gt;Natural Resources Canada&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Government of Canada Open Government Licence https://open.canada.ca/en/open-government-licence-canada</text>
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                <text>Yukon Territories</text>
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                    <text>War Department Marking. Photograph taken by Jessica Ozorak. Museum of Science and Technology. February 2015. 2461 Lancaster Road, Ottawa, ON.</text>
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                    <text>War Department Marking - Side View. Photograph taken by Jessica Ozorak. Museum of Science and Technology. February 2015. 2461 Lancaster Road, Ottawa, ON.</text>
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                    <text>Close up - Broad Arrow. Photograph taken by Jessica Ozorak. Museum of Science and Technology. February 2015. 2461 Lancaster Road, Ottawa, ON.</text>
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                    <text>Monument Support. Photograph taken by Jessica Ozorak. Museum of Science and Technology. February 2015. 2461 Lancaster Road, Ottawa, ON.</text>
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                <text>Meaning in Markings and Material</text>
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                <text>Unlocking the secrets of this artifact starts by looking at some of the clues on the monument itself. Its material and markings take us back to British North American History and the defence of the Halifax Harbour.&#13;
This survey marker is made of granite: a durable stone resistant to damages caused by the elements. This particular monument was in Point Pleasant Park, right on the ocean, therefore it was important for this monument to be resistant to high winds and precipitation coming through at all times of the year.&#13;
The markings on the monument help us understand another reason behind its material composition. The marking “W.D.” can be found on all four sides of the monument. “W.D.” stands for “War Department.” In fact, as we shall learn, defence of the Halifax harbour was a key concern for the British Military from 1749 to 1867.  This monument also has the marking “No. 6”: it is the sixth in a collection of eight survey markers installed in this area in 1895 as part of the British War Department “perambulation plan.”  Granite is a common material used for most War Department boundary markers throughout North America. &#13;
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The monument, which was collected in 1965 by D. K. MacDonald, was henceforth mounted on a wooden base supported by black metal rods. It has since been a part of the Canadian Landmarks Collection established by Ralph W. Clark in 1952. &#13;
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                <text>Photo taken by Jessica Ozorak at Museum of Science and Technology.</text>
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                <text>Item: 730805. (Point Pleasant Park, Halifax, NS Marker). Photograph taken by Jessica Ozorak. Canada Museum of Science and Technology. </text>
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                <text>Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada 82, no. 5, 289.</text>
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