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                <text>IN MARCH, 1762 A SURVEY OF THE WESTERLY BOUNDARY OF THE CAUGHNAWAGA INDIAN RESERVE WAS ORDERED BY HIS EXCELLENCY, MAJOR-GENERAL GAGE AFTER THE POSITION OF THE BOUNDARY HAD BEEN DECIDED ON BY A MILITARY COURT OF FIELD OFFICERS IN MONTREAL. THOMAS GAGE WAS MILITARY GOVERNOR OF MONTREAL C.1760-1763 (REF.1 P.27)</text>
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                <text>OLDEST EXAMPLE OF A SURVEY MARKER FROM THE CDN LANDMARKS COLLECTION ASSEMBLED BY EMR.</text>
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                <text>*SOURCE: HISTORIC MONUMENTS COMMITTEE, MR. R.O. SEMPER, CHAIRMAN/ STONE CARVING RESTS ON DISPLAY STAND/ *DIM: GIVEN INCLUDE STAND; STONE L-40.0, W-35.0, H-12.0 CM/ UPPER PART OF LIMESTONE POST PLACED ON WESTERLY BOUNDARY OF CAUGHNAWAGA INDIAN RESERVE BY SWORN SURVEYORS J. RAIMONT &amp; L. GUYER IN 1765/ RESTORATION OF MONUMENT MADE IN 1958 BY G.R. BOLDUC, Q.L.S./ INSCRIPTION OF STONE TRANSLATED 'EVIL BE TO HIM WHO EVIL THINKS'/ SEE ALSO 940446-0450</text>
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                <text>Government of Canada Open Government Licence https://open.canada.ca/en/open-government-licence-canada</text>
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                <text>TYPICAL OF MARKER BUOYS USED TO INDICATE THE CORNER OF AN OYSTER BED LEASE ALONG THE COASTS OF NEW BRUNSWICK. THE ` A ' IS THE FIRST LETTER OF THE OWNER'S LAST NAME</text>
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                <text>TO MARK CORNER OF OYSTER BED LEASE ALONG COASTS OF NEW BRUNSWICK</text>
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                <text>NO. BREAKDOWN: .1 BUOY; .2 LINE CASING; .3 MODEL WEIGHT. PTS: SYNTHETIC CORD/ *SOURCE: HISTORIC MONUMENTS COMMITTEE, MR. R.O. SEMPER, CHAIRMAN/ TYPICAL MARKER BUOY USED TO INDICATE THE CORNER OF AN OYSTER BED LEASE ALONG THE COASTS OF NB. CORNERS OF A LEASE ARE MARKED BY BLOCKS OF STONE OR CONCRETE OF AT LEAST 420 LBS IN WEIGHT. MARKER BUOY ATTACHED TO CONCRETE BY A LINE 1-2 FATHOMS IN LENGTH./ SOURCE: BUOY PROVIDED BY W.D. MCLELLAND, N.B.L.S./ SEE ALSO 940446-940450</text>
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                <text>Government of Canada Open Government Licence https://open.canada.ca/en/open-government-licence-canada</text>
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                <text>BOUNDARY STONE FROM ORDNANCE LAND (MILITARY RESERVE) NEAR SMITHS FALLS. THIS MONUMENT &amp; 1850 SURVEY ORIGINALLY RECORDED IN ORDNACE OFFICE AT BYTOWN AS PLAN 11, PART SECOND, RIDEAU CANAL, BOOK 1851. DETAILS OF STONE'S PLACEMENT UNCERTAIN BUT RECORDS INDICATE LAND TAKEN FORSERVICE OF RIDEAU CANAL C. 1830 (REF.1 P.57)</text>
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                <text>TO MARK &amp; IDENTIFY A SPECIFIC SITE ON THE BOUNDARY LINE OF A SURVEYED AREA</text>
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                <text>EXAMPLE OF MARKER DATING PRE-CONFEDERATION. PART OF CDN LANDMARKS COLLECTION, EST'D IN 1952 BY R.W. CLARK, D.L.S., S.L.S. THESE MARKERS SPAN OVER 200 YRS. OF CANADIAN SURVEYING &amp; INCLUDE ITEMS FROM EVERY PROVINCE &amp; TERRITORY EXCEPT NFLD.</text>
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                <text>*SOURCE: HISTORIC MONUMENTS COMMITTEE, MR. R.O. SEMPER, CHAIRMAN/ MONUMENT MOUNTED ON PLATFORM/ *DIM: GIVEN INCLUDE PLATFORM; MONUMENT L-40.0, W-38.0, H-110.0 CM/ MONUMENT DESIGNATED ORDNANCE BOUNDARY STONE XII ON PLAN OF 1850 SURVEY BY JOSIAS RICHEY, P.L.S. IT HAD BEEN SET ON BOUNDARY OF ORDNANCE RESERVE &amp; LOT 30, CONCESSION III, TOWNSHIP OF MONTAGUE, NEAR SMITH FALLS, ONT. DETAILS OF PLACEMENT UNCERTAIN. RECOVERED IN 1963 BY R.T. MCCURDY, D.L.S., O.L.S./ SEE ALSO 940446-0450</text>
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                <text>Government of Canada Open Government Licence https://open.canada.ca/en/open-government-licence-canada</text>
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            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Ontario</text>
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                <text>SMITHS FALLS AREA"</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>EXAMPLE OF EARLY DELIBERATE ATTEMPT BY GOVERNMENT TO PROTECT &amp; PRESERVE SURVEY MARKERS IN THE FIELD. THE DESIGN, WEIGHT &amp; WARNING INSCRIBED ON THESE POSTS WERE INTENDED TO DISCOURAGE THE THEFT &amp; VANDALISM OF SURVEYMARKERS. (REF.1, P.12). THE PROBLEMS CONTINUED &amp; WERE LARGELY RESPONSIBLE FOR FURTHER CHANGES IN DESIGN.</text>
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                <text>TO IDENTIFY THE PRECISE GEOGRAPHIC LOCATION OF A SPECIFIC SITE, AS DETERMINED BY A SURVEYOR.</text>
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                <text>EXAMPLE OF EARLY STANDARD SURVEY POST INTRODUCED IN 1916. 30,000 OF THESE POSTS WERE PRODUCED, CONSISTING OF A 30-INCH LENGTH OF STANDARD 1-INCH PIPE WITH AN IRON FOOT-PLATE ON BOTTOM &amp; A BRONZE CAP ON TOP. THE POSTS WERE COATED WITH MEXICAN ASPHALTUM &amp; FILLED WITH CONCRETE PRIOR TO ISSUE. DIFFICULT TO REMOVE, THEY WERE ALSO LESS SUSCEPTIBLE TO DAMAGE &amp; DECAY THAN THE EARLIER WOOD MARKERS (REF.1, P.12).</text>
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                <text>*SOURCE: HISTORIC MONUMENTS COMMITTEE, MR. R.O. SEMPER, CHAIRMAN/ POST MOUNTED ON DISPLAY BOARD/ *DIM: GIVEN INCLUDE BOARD; POST L-76.5, D-9.0/ THIS POST WAS FOUND IN BANFF NATIONAL PARK, AB. ORIGINAL SITE OF PLACEMENT IS UNKNOWN/ A CONTRACT WAS ISSUED FOR 30,000 POSTS OF THIS TYPE FOR USE IN THE FIELD DURING 1916. A SECOND CONTRACT WAS LET C.1916 FOR 30,000 SIMILAR POSTS WHICH INCLUDED INSCRIPTION -DOMINION LANDS SURVEY- (REF.1 P.12)/ SEE ALSO 940446-0450/</text>
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            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>1915</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="14970">
                <text>Government of Canada Open Government Licence https://open.canada.ca/en/open-government-licence-canada,</text>
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                <text>SURVEY OF BANFF PARK LAND AND TOWNSITE BEGAN IN 1886 BY GEORGE A. STEWART (REF.2,P.106). PART OF CDN LANDMARKS COLLECTION, EST'D IN 1952 BY R.W. CLARK, D.L.S., S.L.S. THESE MARKERS SPAN OVER 200 YRS. OF CANADIAN SURVEYING &amp; INCLUDE ITEMS FROM EVERY PROVINCE &amp; TERRITORY EXCEPT NFLD.</text>
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                <text>TO IDENTIFY THE PRECISE GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION OF A SPECIFIC SITE, AS DETERMINED BY A SURVEYOR.</text>
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                <text>EXAMPLE OF TYPE OF MARKER USED IN SURVEYS OF DOMINION PARK LANDS.</text>
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                <text>*SOURCE: HISTORIC MONUMENTS COMMITTEE, MR. R.O. SEMPER, CHAIRMAN/ POST ORIGINALLY MOUNTED ON DISPLAY BOARD, REMOVED BY NMST 1994.02.00./ FOUND IN BANFF NATIONAL PARK, AB./ SEE ALSO 940446-940450</text>
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                <text>1916</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="14982">
                <text>Government of Canada Open Government Licence https://open.canada.ca/en/open-government-licence-canada</text>
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                <text>Alberta</text>
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                <text>ST. JULIEN AREA OF BANFF NATIONAL PARK"</text>
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                <text>PART OF CDN LANDMARKS COLLECTION, EST'D IN 1952 BY R.W. CLARK, D.L.S., S.L.S. THESE MARKERS SPAN OVER 200 YRS. OF CANADIAN SURVEYING &amp; INCLUDE ITEMS FROM EVERY PROVINCE &amp; TERRITORY EXCEPT NFLD.</text>
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                <text>TO IDENTIFY THE PRECISE GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION OF A SPECIFIC SITE, AS DETERMINED BY A SURVEYOR.</text>
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                <text>TYPE SAMPLE OF MANITOBA LAND SURVEYS POST OF THIS PERIOD</text>
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                <text>*SOURCE: HISTORIC MONUMENTS COMMITTEE, MR. R.O. SEMPER, CHAIRMAN/ ORIGINALLY MOUNTED ON DISPLAY BOARD, REMOVED BY NMST STAFF 1994.02.00/ PLACED AT THE QUARTER ON THE EAST BOUNDARY OF SECTION 23, TOWNSHIP 5, RANGE 11, WEST OF THE PRINCIPAL MERIDIAN AT SWAN LAKE INDIAN RESERVE NO.7, MB BY C.D. BROWN, M.L.S. IN 1956/ REPLACED BY A STANDARD POST, 4 PITS &amp; A MOUND IN 1960 BY D.B. GILLMORE, M.L.S./ SEE ALSO 940446-940450</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="15023">
                <text>1960</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="15024">
                <text>Government of Canada Open Government Licence https://open.canada.ca/en/open-government-licence-canada</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>Manitoba</text>
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                <text>SWAN LAKE INDIAN RESERVE"</text>
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              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>IN 1836 INDIAN TITLE TO MANITOULIN ISLAND WAS SURRENDERED TO THE CROWN</text>
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                <text> IN 1862 AN AGREEMENT WAS SIGNED CREATING A RESERVE FOR OTTAWA, CHIPPEWA, &amp; OTHER INDIANS THERE. IN 1877 GEORGE B. ABREY D.L.S. PERFORMED THE MANITOULIN ISLAND RESERVE SURVEY, ONE OF THE EARLIEST RECORDED POST-CONFEDERATION RESERVE SURVEYS</text>
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                <text>TO IDENTIFY THE PRECISE GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION OF A SPECIFIC SITE, AS DETERMINED BY A SURVEYOR. ON THIS SURVEY THE MARKERS DEFINED STREET LIMIT INTERSECTIONS &amp; AT EACH ANGLE IN STREET LINE. POST DESIGN CONSISTED OF 3-FT. LENGTH OF 5/8 INCH ROUND IRON, SQUARED FOR 6 INCHES AT TOP END, AND HAVING A COLLAR 1/4-INCH THICK WELDED ON NEAR LOWER END. PART OF CDN LANDMARKS COLLECTION, EST'D IN 1952 BY R.W. CLARK, D.L.S. THESE MARKERS SPAN OVER 200 YRS OF CDN. SURVEYING &amp; INCLUDE ITEMS FROM EVERY PROVINCE &amp; TERRITORY EXCEPT NFLD.</text>
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                <text>*SOURCE: HISTORIC MONUMENTS COMMITTEE, MR. R.O. SEMPER, CHAIRMAN/ ORIGINALLY POST MOUNTED WITH MARKER 730789 ON DISPLAY BOARD, REMOVED BY NMST STAFF 1994.02.00/ *TYPE: INTERSECTION OR STREET LINE ANGLE/ SEE ALSO 730815/ IRON POST PLACED NEAR CEDAR POST 730789 MARKING THE CORNER OF LOT 111, WEST BAY VILLAGE, WEST BAY INDIAN RESERVE NO.22, MANITOULIN ISLAND, ON. BY T.J. PATTEN, O.L.S. ON NOV.25, 1918./ IRON POSTS WERE PLANTED BESIDE THE CEDAR POSTS AT ALL&#13;
STREET LIMIT INTERSECTIONS &amp; AT EACH ANGLE IN STREET LINE (REF.1, P.51)/ SEE ALSO 940446-940450/</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="15037">
                <text>Government of Canada Open Government Licence https://open.canada.ca/en/open-government-licence-canada</text>
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                <text>Ontario</text>
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                <text>TO MARK &amp; IDENTIFY A SPECIFIC SITE ON THE BOUNDARY LINE OF SURVEYED AREA.</text>
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                <text>EXAMPLE OF IRON POST WHICH HAS BEEN MODIFIED TO DISCOURAGE ITS REMOVAL. SURVEY MARKERS WERE OFTEN MOVED BY SETTLERS CLEARING LAND OR ERECTING BUILDINGS, BUILDING ROADS, ETC. WOODEN POSTS WERE USED FOR FIREWOOD.  METAL RODS AS CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS. THE TWO ANCHOR BARS ON THIS POST MAKE REMOVAL DIFFICULT.</text>
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                <text>*SOURCE: HISTORIC MONUMENTS COMMITTEE, MR. R.O. SEMPER, CHAIRMAN/ POST MOUNTED ON BOARD/ *DIM: GIVEN INCLUDE BOARD; POST L-105.5, W-47.0, H-8.5 CM/ PLACED ON NORTHERLY BOUNDARY OF ODANAK INDIAN RESERVE NO. 12, PROVINCE OF QUEBEC BY J. HENRI HOUDE, Q.L.S. IN 1904. REPLACED WITH A CANADA LANDS SURVEY STANDARD POST, PITS &amp; MOUND IN 1962 BY D.A. TETREAULT, Q.L.S./ SEE ALSO 940446-0450</text>
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                <text>Government of Canada Open Government Licence https://open.canada.ca/en/open-government-licence-canada</text>
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                <text>ODANAK INDIAN RESERVE NO. 12"</text>
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