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                <text>Photograph of John McLatchie</text>
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                <text>Dominion land surveyors</text>
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                <text>This is an image of the famed P.L.S. and D.L.S., John McLatchie, known for his survey work across Canada.. MacLatchie was among the surveyors responsible for the expansion of surveying in the newly acquired territories of Western Canada.</text>
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                <text>William James Topley</text>
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                <text>Library and Archives Canada, accession number 1936-270</text>
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                <text>February 1879</text>
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                <text>MIKAN number 34721000</text>
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                <text>Photograph of King Street, Toronto, Canada (c. 1856)</text>
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                <text>Canadian cities with business selling geographical surveying instruments</text>
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                <text>This is a photograph, taken by Armstrong, Beere &amp; Hime, of mid-nineteenth century Toronto (precisely in 1856). The photograph represents King Street East, a location close to that where James Foster's company was once based.</text>
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                <text>Toronto Seat of Government Photographic Portfolio. “King Street West (King St. East, south 	side looking West).” 1856, Toronto. Photograph by Armstrong, Beere &amp; Hime. Library and Archives Canada, accession number 1992-605 NPC, item number 6, MIKAN number 	3518382.</text>
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                <text>Photograph of R. W. Clark</text>
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                <text>This is a photograph taken of Ralph William Clark, which appeared in a biographical column about him in a 1970 issue of S &amp; M News. Clark, in 1953, started the Landmarks Collection for important Canadian survey markers.</text>
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                <text>Saskatchewan Land Surveyor's Association</text>
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                <text>S &amp; M News: Department of Energy, Mines and Resources, June/July 1970; No. 26: pg 11.</text>
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                <text>This is a screenshot of the STL file shared with David Pantalony and Shanna Ossé by Leonid Chepelev. The file was opened with Microsoft OneDrive</text>
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                <text>April 14, 2018</text>
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                <text>David Pantalony, Dr. Leonid Chepelev, Dr. Frank Rybicki, Museum of Science and Technology, University of Ottawa</text>
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                    <text>"&lt;a title="The History of Brass" href="https://metals.about.com/od/properties/a/The-History-Of-Brass.htm" target="_blank"&gt;Brass&lt;/a&gt; casing, including cover; glass window; circle graduated on silver. Jewelled or glass centre in pivot cap".</text>
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                    <text>Canada Science and Technology Museum, Artifact Context Report dated 28/01/2015</text>
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                    <text>Canada Science and Technology Museum, researched for UOttawa Seminar HIS4135C, Jessica Ozorak and Carine Trazo.</text>
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                    <text>Canada Science and Technology Museum, researched for UOttawa Seminar HIS4135C, Jessica Ozorak and Carine Trazo.</text>
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                    <text>View of the needle lock lever</text>
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                    <text>This feature is important to ensure the reading accuracy of the compass. &lt;a title="Geary, Don. Using a Map and Compass. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole Books, 1995, p17-21." href="https://books.google.ca/books?id=5ZMkb-Pv7UMC&amp;amp;lpg=PP1&amp;amp;dq=Using%20a%20Map%20and%20Compass&amp;amp;pg=PP1#v=onepage&amp;amp;q=Using%20a%20Map%20and%20Compass&amp;amp;f=false" target="_blank"&gt;One can damp the compass needle so that it comes to a complete stop. The process of damping involves the use of a needle lock lever (sometimes refer to as stopper), located on its side, in the form of small pin that is depressed to lift the compass needle off the pivot point. &lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                    <text>Canada Science and Technology Museum, researched for UOttawa Seminar HIS4135C, Jessica Ozorak and Carine Trazo.</text>
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                    <text>In order to protect its glass surface, the compass is equipped with a brass cover on hinges. As the instrument was presumably meant for nomadic surveyors or travelers, the brass cover would have been important to protect the functions of the instrument whilst in movement.</text>
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                    <text>Canada Science and Technology Museum, researched for UOttawa Seminar HIS4135C, Jessica Ozorak and Carine Trazo.</text>
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                    <text>Compass - Face</text>
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                    <text>According to the print, this compass was made in France. Based on its design and the years it was used in Canada (circa 1875), the Collignon-Houlliot compass manufacturer most likely manufactured this model. This company was known to export to Great-Britain and to the United-States. As such, British surveyors could have brought these compasses to British North-America upon performing their first surveys. The compass could have also been given to Dominion Land surveyors directly either by the manufacturer itself, by the British, or by the Americans.</text>
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                    <text>Canada Science and Technology Museum, researched for UOttawa Seminar HIS4135C, Jessica Ozorak and Carine Trazo.</text>
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                    <text>Compass - Provenance</text>
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                    <text>The compass was collected by Ms. W. Mary Grey in 1987. It was donated by Mrs. Shakespeare who claims it belonged to J. Herbert Kerr who was surveying in Western Canada in the late 1800s. </text>
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                <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
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                    <text>Canada Science and Technology Museum, Artifact Context Report dated 28/01/2015</text>
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              <element elementId="45">
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                  <elementText elementTextId="14826">
                    <text>Canada Science and Technology Museum, researched for UOttawa Seminar HIS4135C, Jessica Ozorak and Carine Trazo.</text>
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                    <text>Winterization</text>
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                    <text>Surveying in a Northern climate</text>
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                    <text>As was discovered by looking through mapping, surveying, and draughting instrument catalogue used by the Canadian army throughout the First World War, the purpose of the "diaphragm" on this compass is to "winterize" it. That is to say protect it from water and ice from forming inside the compass. While surveying in a northern environment, the cover of this instrument served to protect the glass from scratching and cracking thus enabling water and ice to form on the compass' face.</text>
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                    <text>Photo taken by Jessica Ozorak at Canadian War Museum, Ottawa, ON. </text>
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              <element elementId="37">
                <name>Contributor</name>
                <description>An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource</description>
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                    <text>Canadian Armed Forces, "Canadian Army Manuel of Materiel: supply class 6675: draughting, surveying, and mapping instruments, 1965," Ottawa, Queen's Printer 1965.</text>
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                <name>Title</name>
                <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                    <text>Made in France</text>
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                    <text>Markings</text>
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              <element elementId="41">
                <name>Description</name>
                <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <elementText elementTextId="14839">
                    <text>The &lt;a title="The Law Relating to the Merchandise Marks Act 1887 to 1894" href="https://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/MOML?af=RN&amp;amp;ae=F451479917&amp;amp;srchtp=a&amp;amp;ste=14" target="_blank"&gt;UK Merchandise Marks Act&lt;/a&gt; came to in 1887, this act required every item be labelled by a trade description. &amp;ldquo;The expression &amp;lsquo;trade description&amp;rsquo; means any description, statement, or other indication, direct or indirect. b) as to the place or country in which any goods were made or produced&amp;rsquo; This act protected against fraud. Thus, the fact that this compass has this marking indicated it was definitely made after 1887.</text>
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                <name>Publisher</name>
                <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                  <elementText elementTextId="14840">
                    <text>Canada Science and Technology Museum, researched for UOttawa Seminar HIS4135C, Jessica Ozorak and Carine Trazo.</text>
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                    <text>Trade in Europe</text>
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                    <text>UK and France </text>
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                <name>Description</name>
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                    <text>It is peculiar that the marking on this compass has the English inscription&lt;a title="The Law Relating to the Merchandise Marks Act 1887 to 1894" href="https://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/MOML?af=RN&amp;amp;ae=F451479917&amp;amp;srchtp=a&amp;amp;ste=14" target="_blank"&gt; "Made in France"&lt;/a&gt;. This is because the &lt;a title="Collignon-Houlliot" href="https://compassmuseum.com/pocket/pocket_2.htm#HOULLIOT"&gt;Houlliot&lt;/a&gt; company was producing compasses and instruments for many countries, notably Germany, Russia, and the UK. The latter who would undoubtedly be using these instruments in its North American colonies during the Victorian era.</text>
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                <name>Publisher</name>
                <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                  <elementText elementTextId="14844">
                    <text>Canada Science and Technology Museum, researched for UOttawa Seminar HIS4135C, Jessica Ozorak and Carine Trazo.</text>
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                <name>Title</name>
                <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                    <text>Closed Lid/Cover</text>
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                <name>Publisher</name>
                <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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                    <text>Canada Science and Technology Museum, researched for UOttawa Seminar HIS4135C, Jessica Ozorak and Carine Trazo.</text>
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                  <text>Instruments</text>
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                  <text>A selection of instruments used by the Dominion Land Surveyors of Canada.</text>
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                <text>Pocket Compass</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
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                <text>Compass believed to have belonged to J. Herbert Kerr. Used for Surveying in Western Canada in 1875. </text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>"&lt;a title="The History of Brass" href="https://metals.about.com/od/properties/a/The-History-Of-Brass.htm" target="_blank"&gt;Brass&lt;/a&gt; pocket compass with hinged cover &amp;amp; ring. Fitted with needle stopper activated by sliding bar; double-pointed bar blued at N-end and red glass or jewelled centre in pivot point cap. Includes declination needle, which may be set by rotating casing back. (N.B: stopper bar point tip extends through casing wall &amp;amp; is exposed - quick stop function?)".&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Lacquered Brass case; glass cover has bevelled edge &amp;amp; brushed silver compass face. Compass needle blued at N-End; central mounting disk &amp;amp; declination needle chemically treated.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Declination Needle has elongated diamond-shaped pointer &amp;amp; broard 3-pointed fan-like end.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a title="The Law Relating to the Merchandise Marks Act 1887 to 1894" href="https://galenet.galegroup.com/servlet/MOML?af=RN&amp;amp;ae=F451479917&amp;amp;srchtp=a&amp;amp;ste=14" target="_blank"&gt;'Made/in/France'&lt;/a&gt; stamped on compass face, near 'S'/'C' stamped inside compass case cover, above hinge/quadrants &amp;amp; half-quadrants labelled; compass circle divided 0-360 at 2-degree intervals.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;a title="Gurley Manual of Surveying Instruments" href="https://archive.org/details/gurleymanualsur03nygoog" target="_blank"&gt;Its function is to measure direction, with respect to magnetic North.&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Possibly &lt;a title="Compassipedia" href="https://www.compassmuseum.com/diverstext/profiles.htm#CH" target="_blank"&gt;Collignon-Houlliot&lt;/a&gt; (FRANCE)</text>
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          <element elementId="48">
            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="14796">
                <text>Canada Science and Technology Museum, Artifact Context Report dated 28/01/2015</text>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="45">
            <name>Publisher</name>
            <description>An entity responsible for making the resource available</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="14797">
                <text>Canada Science and Technology Museum, researched for UOttawa Seminar HIS4135C, Jessica Ozorak and Carine Trazo.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>Circa 1875</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="14799">
                <text>art. no. 1987.2108 Canada Science and Technology Museum</text>
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      <name>Still Image</name>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Printed Doll Model</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="17411">
                <text>Before and after picture of the printed doll model, copy of the Chinese Diagnostic Doll, found in the Touch Medicine section of the Ingenium Canada's Museums of Science and Technology and on loan from the Osler History of Medicine Library at the McGill University in Montreal (Canada).</text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="17412">
                <text>Dalie Brisson</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="17413">
                <text>Dalie Brisson, University of Ottawa student of DHN3300.</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="17414">
                <text>April 5th, 2018</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="17415">
                <text>.jpg</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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              <elementText elementTextId="17240">
                <text>Printing 3D Model of Bladder Cancer in Calgary (Canada)</text>
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            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Wax Model of Bladder Cancer</text>
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                <text>Printing 3D Model of Bladder Cancer in Calgary (Canada) in order to create an accurate and high detailed representation of the model. Printed at the Taylor Digital Institute for Digital Learning in Calgary.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="17243">
                <text>Tristan Lamonica, University of Calgary, 3D Scanned at the Science and Technology Museum Ottawa. Artifact #*</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
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                <text>Tristan Lamonica, Student of DHN 3300 at the University of Ottawa</text>
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                <text>March 11th, 2018</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="17246">
                <text>University of Calgary, Tristan Lamonica</text>
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&#13;
This collection is the start of a database related to the original collectors and some of their markers.&#13;
&#13;
An early history of this collection can be found in following article from 1965:&#13;
&#13;
Sebert, L.M. 1965. "One Hundred and Sixty-Three Landmarks."  The Canadian Surveyor XIX (2):220-223.</text>
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