6 10 55 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, https://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Campus Voices 1970-1975 Description An account of the resource Collection of oral histories from witnesses to North American campuses Relation A related resource https://sites.google.com/view/lifeoncampus/campus-voices Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Bendall, Alex Location The location of the interview Boston, Massachusetts, United States Transcription Any written text transcribed from a sound 0:0:0.0 --> 0:0:0.880 Alex Bendall All right, sounds good. 0:0:1.90 --> 0:0:5.930 Puffer, Sheila Mm hmm. And if you have 3 themes it would be good if you could tell me what the three themes are as an overview. 0:0:6.840 --> 0:0:22.680 Alex Bendall Absolutely. So there's like I have about a few sentences to start each one. The first one is the impact of culture. The second one is the feminist experience. And the third one is. 0:0:23.960 --> 0:0:25.800 Alex Bendall Ideology and generational differences. 0:0:30.990 --> 0:0:33.510 Puffer, Sheila So the first one is the influence of pop culture. 0:0:34.740 --> 0:0:35.60 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:0:35.610 --> 0:0:36.450 Puffer, Sheila On what? 0:0:38.40 --> 0:0:40.960 Alex Bendall Just popular culture of the 1970s in general. 0:0:41.630 --> 0:0:44.990 Puffer, Sheila Oh, the influence of it, or just my experience with it. 0:0:48.610 --> 0:0:57.890 Alex Bendall I guess your experience, I think that, yeah, this whole interview, it's about like your experience from University of Ottawa in the 1970s, so. 0:0:59.290 --> 0:1:0.810 Alex Bendall My first question is. 0:1:1.180 --> 0:1:6.540 Puffer, Sheila Wait, I'd. I'm so that is the first theme. The second one was feminist. 0:1:7.830 --> 0:1:10.270 Alex Bendall Yeah. The second one is the feminist experience. 0:1:11.930 --> 0:1:29.530 Alex Bendall So, like cultural historians have written a lot about what they call the 2nd wave of feminism. That is part of the counterculture movement and with women during their early 1970s sought to break gender barriers. Does this argument resonate with your experience on the University of Ottawa campus during the early 1970s? 0:1:30.590 --> 0:1:33.190 Puffer, Sheila OK. So we're just talking about the early 1970s. 0:1:33.990 --> 0:1:34.270 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:1:35.260 --> 0:1:37.700 Puffer, Sheila What time span do you want? 0:1:39.510 --> 0:1:42.30 Alex Bendall Uh, whenever you were attending UOttawa. 0:1:42.430 --> 0:1:43.670 Puffer, Sheila I was there for a long time. 0:1:44.560 --> 0:1:45.640 Alex Bendall How long were you there for? 0:1:46.110 --> 0:1:46.710 Puffer, Sheila Eight years. 0:1:47.460 --> 0:1:48.140 Alex Bendall Eight years. 0:1:48.420 --> 0:1:49.100 Puffer, Sheila I think so. 0:1:50.800 --> 0:1:51.440 Puffer, Sheila Let me see. 0:1:57.660 --> 0:1:59.700 Puffer, Sheila 71 to 79. 0:2:0.830 --> 0:2:1.350 Alex Bendall Perfect. 0:2:0.860 --> 0:2:3.580 Puffer, Sheila That's eight years. 0:2:4.680 --> 0:2:4.880 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:2:5.620 --> 0:2:6.660 Puffer, Sheila Yeah, I think I got my. 0:2:8.300 --> 0:2:10.500 Puffer, Sheila Yes, I got my MBA in 1979. 0:2:11.920 --> 0:2:11.960 Puffer, Sheila OK. 0:2:13.580 --> 0:2:16.100 Puffer, Sheila All right. Yeah, it's a long time ago, Alex. 0:2:19.260 --> 0:2:19.580 Puffer, Sheila Alright. 0:2:19.410 --> 0:2:19.930 Alex Bendall I'll just. 0:2:21.110 --> 0:2:21.350 Puffer, Sheila Yeah. 0:2:21.810 --> 0:2:23.970 Alex Bendall Just tell me whatever you can, but whatever you remember. 0:2:24.130 --> 0:2:25.690 Puffer, Sheila Yep. And then the third thing is. 0:2:27.280 --> 0:2:28.400 Alex Bendall The third thing. 0:2:29.920 --> 0:2:33.680 Alex Bendall Is also part of what they call a counterculture revolution. 0:2:35.400 --> 0:2:44.600 Alex Bendall Meaning your generation tend, like, rebelled against the values of your parents' generation. So what would be your experience with that topic? 0:2:45.980 --> 0:2:46.700 Puffer, Sheila I see. 0:2:49.420 --> 0:2:50.380 Puffer, Sheila Same. OK. 0:2:51.820 --> 0:2:52.500 Puffer, Sheila OK. 0:2:54.500 --> 0:3:1.540 Puffer, Sheila Hmm. Alright, yeah. It's a little different from what I was expecting, but that's quite alright. So please go ahead. 0:3:1.230 --> 0:3:2.750 Alex Bendall Yep, alright. 0:3:5.390 --> 0:3:8.430 Alex Bendall So for the first question about popular culture. 0:3:10.170 --> 0:3:21.250 Alex Bendall There were obviously less electronics in Canadian society during the 1970s. How was your leisure time structured or what did you Ottawa students do for fun in the 1970s? 0:3:27.690 --> 0:3:28.930 Puffer, Sheila Went skating on the canal. 0:3:30.310 --> 0:3:30.510 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:3:32.350 --> 0:3:33.230 Puffer, Sheila Too bad you couldn't do it. 0:3:32.820 --> 0:3:37.60 Alex Bendall I tried to do that. Yeah, exactly. I tried to do that last year. It didn't didn't work out. 0:3:37.740 --> 0:3:38.340 Puffer, Sheila Yeah, mm hmm. 0:3:40.700 --> 0:3:41.100 Puffer, Sheila And. 0:3:43.170 --> 0:3:46.770 Puffer, Sheila Having a small group of friends over. 0:3:48.480 --> 0:3:48.800 Alex Bendall Nice. 0:3:49.90 --> 0:3:51.10 Puffer, Sheila Socializing with small groups of friends. 0:3:54.720 --> 0:3:57.840 Alex Bendall Whereabouts on campus? Did you live? 0:4:0.430 --> 0:4:2.510 Puffer, Sheila First year I lived in a brand new building. 0:4:4.630 --> 0:4:4.750 Alex Bendall Oh. 0:4:5.80 --> 0:4:6.400 Puffer, Sheila It was a high rise. 0:4:7.480 --> 0:4:9.280 Puffer, Sheila It was across from Le Blanc Hall. 0:4:13.90 --> 0:4:16.90 Puffer, Sheila And it was Coed. The different floors were Coed. 0:4:18.180 --> 0:4:18.300 Puffer, Sheila Hmm. 0:4:21.240 --> 0:4:22.600 Puffer, Sheila Can't remember the name of it now. 0:4:24.200 --> 0:4:24.600 Alex Bendall That's fine. 0:4:23.900 --> 0:4:26.580 Puffer, Sheila Was brand new that year in 1971. 0:4:28.600 --> 0:4:28.800 Alex Bendall Nice. 0:4:28.160 --> 0:4:28.880 Puffer, Sheila Think it came in. 0:4:30.440 --> 0:4:31.720 Puffer, Sheila Yes, I came in 71. 0:4:35.460 --> 0:4:35.500 Alex Bendall N. 0:4:38.150 --> 0:4:42.230 Alex Bendall What were the most popular hangout spots on and off campus? 0:4:44.280 --> 0:4:45.800 Puffer, Sheila Oh, father and son. 0:4:48.280 --> 0:4:50.0 Alex Bendall Is that-... what was that? 0:4:50.370 --> 0:4:51.130 Puffer, Sheila It's a restaurant. 0:4:51.780 --> 0:4:52.780 Alex Bendall Restaurant. Yeah. OK. 0:4:53.440 --> 0:4:57.160 Puffer, Sheila It's still there or it was there the last time I was there, like a couple of years ago. 0:4:58.220 --> 0:4:59.620 Alex Bendall I don't think I've seen that yet. 0:5:4.220 --> 0:5:4.460 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:4:59.720 --> 0:5:5.800 Puffer, Sheila Well, obviously it's a classic. It's been around for over 50 years. It was old by then when I was there. 0:5:7.280 --> 0:5:12.520 Puffer, Sheila Another one was there was a marvelous lunch place inside a church on Laurier. 0:5:14.280 --> 0:5:14.480 Alex Bendall OK. 0:5:14.960 --> 0:5:18.280 Puffer, Sheila Was really, really good food. Yeah, we used to go there a lot. 0:5:19.440 --> 0:5:19.920 Alex Bendall Nice. 0:5:27.360 --> 0:5:37.680 Alex Bendall Did you attend any live music events during university years or what were the most popular musicians or artists at that time? Are your favorites maybe. 0:5:38.340 --> 0:5:47.180 Puffer, Sheila Hmm, I used to go to the National Arts Centre regularly. My husband and I had subscriptions to both the French and the English theater. 0:5:48.600 --> 0:5:49.120 Alex Bendall Nice. 0:5:52.80 --> 0:6:2.640 Puffer, Sheila And we went to see just about everybody who came through. So we saw people who are long dead now. We saw in terms of music, we saw Buddy Rich, the drummer. 0:6:4.650 --> 0:6:5.330 Puffer, Sheila We saw. 0:6:12.210 --> 0:6:14.770 Puffer, Sheila With oh, Oh my gosh, we saw. 0:6:17.180 --> 0:6:18.500 Puffer, Sheila Not sure how they found you. 0:6:21.780 --> 0:6:23.780 Puffer, Sheila His name was Gilbert Becaud. 0:6:25.340 --> 0:6:51.580 Puffer, Sheila And my husband and I used to laugh because we were laughing through the performance because he was a heavy smoker. He was a singer. Fabulous, like Tom Jones or something like that. He was really charismatic. And in between songs, he would go off stage and you could see the cigarette smoke billowing out from behind that curtain. And then he'd come out and he'd sing another song. 0:6:52.900 --> 0:6:55.180 Puffer, Sheila He didn't last long, but he was really good. 0:6:59.490 --> 0:7:0.90 Alex Bendall That's great. 0:7:1.0 --> 0:7:5.840 Puffer, Sheila So we used to go to pretty much everybody who came to the National Arts Centre. 0:7:7.200 --> 0:7:13.0 Puffer, Sheila And we occasionally went to that fair, the exhibition where the animals were. 0:7:15.360 --> 0:7:21.0 Puffer, Sheila It was called the Ex, something like that, I forget what it's called. Some sort of agricultural fair down by Lansdowne. 0:7:22.160 --> 0:7:27.160 Alex Bendall Oh yeah, yeah, like the big barn they have there beside Lansdowne Park. Yeah, OK, I know. 0:7:26.380 --> 0:7:29.500 Puffer, Sheila Yeah. So the animal competitions and. 0:7:30.410 --> 0:7:31.170 Alex Bendall Oh yeah. OK. 0:7:31.430 --> 0:7:34.670 Puffer, Sheila Yeah. So it was pretty simple stuff. 0:7:37.540 --> 0:7:38.740 Puffer, Sheila But in terms of? 0:7:40.420 --> 0:7:40.980 Puffer, Sheila Let me see. 0:7:42.440 --> 0:7:48.200 Puffer, Sheila OK, so anyway, go ahead. What else have you got to ask me? Those are a few little nuggets. 0:7:49.380 --> 0:7:53.940 Alex Bendall That's great. Like who? Who's your favorite musician of that time, do you think? 0:7:54.640 --> 0:7:55.480 Puffer, Sheila Gordon Lightfoot. 0:7:56.540 --> 0:7:57.740 Alex Bendall Gordon Lightfoot? Yeah. 0:8:2.130 --> 0:8:2.330 Puffer, Sheila Yeah. 0:7:58.980 --> 0:8:3.500 Alex Bendall Didn't he pass away? Like pretty recently? I feel like I heard that recently. Yeah. 0:8:4.30 --> 0:8:10.750 Puffer, Sheila And I heard him in Boston, where I live ,about 10 years ago, and his voice was just shot. 0:8:11.900 --> 0:8:12.460 Alex Bendall That's too bad. 0:8:12.520 --> 0:8:15.320 Puffer, Sheila But he was still performing because he loved to perform. Yeah. 0:8:15.390 --> 0:8:15.630 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:8:18.130 --> 0:8:22.970 Puffer, Sheila Yeah, he didn't have much lung capacity at the time. But anyway, yeah, Gordon Lightfoot. 0:8:25.430 --> 0:8:25.630 Alex Bendall In. 0:8:27.560 --> 0:8:29.840 Alex Bendall OK. My next question is. 0:8:31.50 --> 0:8:48.10 Alex Bendall Since Ottawa U was a bilingual institution, how linguistically integrated was it during the 1970s, like did francophones and anglophones enroll in the same courses and participate in the same clubs and all hang out together? Or is it really kind of separated a bit? Puffer, Sheila We pretty much enrolled in the same courses and participated in the same clubs. Native French-speaking students took courses in English and spoke English in the clubs, but typically not vice versa. 0:8:53.500 --> 0:8:53.700 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:8:51.430 --> 0:8:55.550 Puffer, Sheila I grew up in numerous cities across Canada that are English speaking cities. 0:8:59.550 --> 0:8:59.870 Puffer, Sheila And. 0:9:1.470 --> 0:9:6.790 Puffer, Sheila I started learning French in Thunder Bay Ontario when I was 11. 0:9:10.870 --> 0:9:17.910 Puffer, Sheila And so I had basic French and I wanted to be a translator and interpreter for the UN from French to English, since English is my mother tongue. So why I came to the University of Ottawa was to study in the School of Translators and Interpreters. 0:9:34.160 --> 0:9:48.320 Puffer, Sheila I was one of two native English speaking people in that programme which was designed for French speakers to translate to, do translation and interpretation into English. 0:9:49.190 --> 0:9:52.110 Puffer, Sheila So essentially I did the programme backwards. 0:9:53.310 --> 0:9:53.510 Puffer, Sheila Right. 0:9:53.850 --> 0:9:54.10 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:9:54.950 --> 0:10:1.590 Puffer, Sheila Yeah. And I I, uh, tried to, uh, engage in virtually as many things in French as I could. 0:10:14.900 --> 0:10:19.140 Puffer, Sheila So I was learning French all the time there and. 0:10:20.780 --> 0:10:37.260 Puffer, Sheila I would go to French speaking events, but I would say overall the English speaking students kept to themselves and the French speaking students kept to themselves except when they took courses offered in English. But I was in an exceptional programme there where I was the outlier, one of two outliers, right? 0:10:48.810 --> 0:11:10.530 Puffer, Sheila Umm, on campus and everywhere around Ottawa, I would insist on having people speak to me in French. But as soon as I opened my mouth, even though I spoke French, you know reasonably well, they could tell that I was an Anglophone and they would kind of politely or automatically switch into English. And I would have to say no, no, no. 0:11:12.350 --> 0:11:12.510 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:11:20.600 --> 0:11:48.680 Puffer, Sheila And I had a stenographer's book. You don't know what that is, but it's a lined book and it coil and it has lines, vertical lines, excuse me, horizontal lines and then a vertical line down the middle. And I filled up several of those books where I learned a French word. And then I found the English translation. So I definitely came out of the University of Ottawa, bilingual. And when I. 0:11:52.130 --> 0:11:56.650 Puffer, Sheila But I did switch my major from the school of translators and interpreters. 0:12:2.340 --> 0:12:2.860 Alex Bendall Interesting. 0:11:58.50 --> 0:12:8.130 Puffer, Sheila To Slavic Studies, my undergraduate degree is in Slavic Studies because, yeah, you had to take another language when you were in the school of translators and interpreters. 0:12:13.210 --> 0:12:17.970 Puffer, Sheila Umm I was advised by a professor not at Ottawa, in another translator school at Laurentian University, where I started out. 0:12:35.570 --> 0:12:35.890 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:12:28.940 --> 0:12:51.900 Puffer, Sheila All the French speaking students were all going to take Spanish as their third language and I thought, well, I'll do that too. But the director of that translation and interpretation programme took me aside and said, “You know, you can take Spanish anytime. I suggest a more challenging language for you.” “Oh, really?” “I suggest Russian.” I said, “OK.” 0:12:52.340 --> 0:12:56.660 Puffer, Sheila So I not only fell in love with Russian. 0:12:57.700 --> 0:13:1.180 Puffer, Sheila And all things Slavic. When I met my husband. 0:13:3.100 --> 0:13:11.100 Puffer, Sheila Thanks to the University of Ottawa and I was 18 years old. And if you're gonna ask me, are you gonna ask me about clubs? 0:13:13.200 --> 0:13:15.80 Puffer, Sheila OK. Well then I'll save it for clubs. 0:13:17.300 --> 0:13:23.180 Alex Bendall No, it's OK. You can tell me how I'm kind of like already in the club section. You can keep going. 0:13:22.350 --> 0:13:25.230 Puffer, Sheila Alright, thank you. OK, so. 0:13:27.320 --> 0:13:31.240 Puffer, Sheila January 5th, 1972 at 6:00 PM. 0:13:33.630 --> 0:13:41.390 Puffer, Sheila I showed up in Professor Douglas Clayton's office. 0:13:42.830 --> 0:13:44.590 Puffer, Sheila Second course in second year Russian with him. 0:13:46.350 --> 0:14:0.910 Puffer, Sheila And he said come to my office at that time if you're interested in starting up a Russian social club, Slavic social club called Slavyansky Bazar. That's what he was calling it. Slavic bazaar. And guess who showed up? 0:14:2.40 --> 0:14:12.80 Puffer, Sheila Maybe three or four other students, including my future husband, who was a graduate student. He was doing his master's in Russian literature. 0:14:13.580 --> 0:14:17.780 Puffer, Sheila Well, right then and there in that professor's office. 0:14:20.450 --> 0:14:26.690 Puffer, Sheila That graduate student and myself just thought it was the coup de foudre. Do you know about coup de foudre? 0:14:28.940 --> 0:14:29.500 Puffer, Sheila Oh, OK. 0:14:31.220 --> 0:14:32.300 Puffer, Sheila I guess love at first sight. 0:14:33.250 --> 0:14:33.770 Alex Bendall Oh, OK, yeah. 0:14:33.980 --> 0:14:37.460 Puffer, Sheila But I love the expression coup de foudre because it means lightning struck. 0:14:39.730 --> 0:14:40.10 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:14:40.400 --> 0:14:42.40 Puffer, Sheila OK, so. 0:14:46.830 --> 0:14:47.750 Puffer, Sheila We got married. 0:14:49.840 --> 0:14:51.0 Puffer, Sheila Very soon after that. 0:14:52.220 --> 0:14:55.180 Puffer, Sheila And we were married for. 0:14:56.740 --> 0:14:57.820 Puffer, Sheila Almost 30 years. 0:14:59.300 --> 0:15:0.780 Puffer, Sheila And he passed away from cancer. 0:15:2.220 --> 0:15:10.300 Puffer, Sheila 20 years ago. We had two kids and we had a great life and I'm forever grateful to Doctor Douglas Clayton for inviting students to create the Slavianski Bazaar Club, and we did, and we had a really good time at that club. We had dances and we had parties and the professors came. 0:15:27.380 --> 0:15:34.260 Puffer, Sheila So very special. I had to get that in there somewhere that my life is completely. 0:15:38.710 --> 0:15:39.590 Puffer, Sheila Fulfilled. 0:15:41.480 --> 0:15:44.160 Puffer, Sheila Having had a, you know, a family life like that. 0:15:45.140 --> 0:15:46.820 Puffer, Sheila Having met my husband there. 0:15:49.30 --> 0:15:51.470 Alex Bendall I'm sorry to hear about him. That's a great story. 0:16:0.150 --> 0:16:0.550 Alex Bendall All right. 0:16:0.720 --> 0:16:4.200 Puffer, Sheila By the way, Alex, in case you didn't guess, that was my favorite club. 0:16:8.320 --> 0:16:10.720 Alex Bendall Good. Have you ever been to Russia? 0:16:11.470 --> 0:16:12.390 Puffer, Sheila Many times. 0:16:12.760 --> 0:16:13.760 Alex Bendall Many times, yes. 0:16:13.740 --> 0:16:15.340 Puffer, Sheila I'm alright. 0:16:16.470 --> 0:16:23.30 Puffer, Sheila So this is-... we can put this in the feminism feminist experience category, OK? 0:16:24.290 --> 0:16:27.170 Puffer, Sheila OK. So just to continue on. 0:16:36.0 --> 0:16:44.200 Puffer, Sheila Men have really helped me out tremendously throughout my life. My husband was my biggest supporter. 0:16:45.480 --> 0:16:49.760 Puffer, Sheila And that professor who encouraged me to take a hard language, that was great too. 0:16:51.620 --> 0:16:52.340 Puffer, Sheila Additionally. 0:16:54.280 --> 0:17:6.560 Puffer, Sheila After I graduated, I started my MBA part time. I was working full time for the National Capital Commission and I'd take my MBA classes and at the same time I was a research assistant to two professors. 0:17:9.840 --> 0:17:10.40 Puffer, Sheila And. 0:17:10.80 --> 0:17:17.600 Puffer, Sheila I'll give you their names. They're both in the Business School and they both retired. One was Jacques Jabez. 0:17:19.220 --> 0:17:38.300 Puffer, Sheila And the other professor was Michel Nedzella. So they were friends and they were young professors. 0:17:39.780 --> 0:17:43.140 Puffer, Sheila I worked for them as their research assistant. One Saturday morning, they had me come to the university. They sat me down and they said…. 0:17:52.770 --> 0:18:10.810 Puffer, Sheila Oh, I'll back up a little bit. Professor Jabes. When I was no more than 22 years old, he called me to come to his office. I was his research assistant at that time and I was working full time. 0:18:12.370 --> 0:18:20.130 Puffer, Sheila I had been taking my MBA courses. 0:18:21.850 --> 0:18:21.970 Puffer, Sheila And. 0:18:22.290 --> 0:18:24.450 Puffer, Sheila So I came over and saw him and he said, “We would like you to teach a course in organizational psychology to the undergraduates.” 0:18:32.460 --> 0:18:34.380 Puffer, Sheila “Really! I've never taught before.” 0:18:35.820 --> 0:18:37.540 Puffer, Sheila “Oh, we know you can do it.” 0:18:38.100 --> 0:18:39.660 Puffer, Sheila “And by the way, it's in French.” 0:18:41.560 --> 0:18:41.920 Puffer, Sheila “What?” 0:18:44.80 --> 0:18:45.560 Puffer, Sheila “And it starts next week.” 0:18:47.870 --> 0:18:48.950 Puffer, Sheila I just about fell on the floor. 0:18:51.550 --> 0:18:54.550 Puffer, Sheila Oh my God. So anyway, I did it. 0:18:55.990 --> 0:19:1.870 Puffer, Sheila I managed to do it and the students were wonderful. I was, you know, a couple of years older than the students. 0:19:3.350 --> 0:19:19.350 Puffer, Sheila And we made it through. All right. So after all of that, as I said, I was in the MBA programme part time and then that Saturday morning, Professor Jabes and Professor Professor Nedzela called me in. They said, “You know, we've been thinking.” 0:19:24.130 --> 0:19:26.90 Puffer, Sheila “We think you should get a PhD in business.” 0:19:27.960 --> 0:19:46.560 Puffer, Sheila I said, “What's that? I've never heard of that before.” I was the first person in my family to go to university. My parents grew up on farms and my dad didn't even finish high school. So…. What! Anyway, I ended up going to the top university for my programme. 0:19:53.550 --> 0:19:58.670 Puffer, Sheila Which was the University of California, Berkeley, and it was all because of those two men. 0:20:0.310 --> 0:20:2.750 Puffer, Sheila They said that would be perfect for me to do. 0:20:4.420 --> 0:20:6.180 Puffer, Sheila So when you talk about feminism, somehow these various men along the way at the University of Ottawa, including my husband and those professors, saw my potential, they saw my talent, they saw my goal orientation. 0:20:33.390 --> 0:20:33.590 Alex Bendall Wow. 0:20:39.600 --> 0:20:51.480 Puffer, Sheila And they facilitated my education and my career path. And you know what I do today? I'm a professor of international business and sustainability at Northeastern University in Boston, and it's thanks to them. 0:20:54.190 --> 0:20:59.950 Puffer, Sheila So that's one aspect of feminism. I was a great beneficiary of that era. 0:21:2.290 --> 0:21:13.970 Puffer, Sheila And secondly, I remember it was 1972, I believe that was designated as the Year of the Woman. 0:21:15.690 --> 0:21:19.10 Puffer, Sheila In Canada, or maybe the United Nations, or something. 0:21:20.690 --> 0:21:25.10 Puffer, Sheila So we had somebody come you've never heard of. Whose name is Betty Friedan. 0:21:27.880 --> 0:21:33.920 Puffer, Sheila And she had written a book called The Feminine Mystique. She was an American from New York, I believe. 0:21:36.450 --> 0:21:47.90 Puffer, Sheila There were many activities through that Year of the Woman at the university. One of those, one of the most prominent ones, was when Betty Friedan came to campus. 0:21:48.450 --> 0:21:49.570 Puffer, Sheila And it was a sensation. 0:21:51.10 --> 0:22:1.570 Puffer, Sheila She was so famous with that book and my mom had read that book when it first came out in the 1960s, quite a lot before that. 0:22:3.90 --> 0:22:7.370 Puffer, Sheila So guess what? I invited my mom to come. 0:22:8.670 --> 0:22:18.750 Puffer, Sheila And so she took the bus from Montreal, where my family was living, and she stayed with me. And we went to Betty Friedan together. 0:22:20.690 --> 0:22:21.170 Alex Bendall Nice. 0:22:20.600 --> 0:22:23.80 Puffer, Sheila And that means so much to me, yeah. 0:22:24.980 --> 0:22:25.180 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:22:24.630 --> 0:22:28.710 Puffer, Sheila The fact that I remember seeing that book on my mom's night table. 0:22:31.290 --> 0:22:31.450 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:22:30.540 --> 0:22:36.100 Puffer, Sheila And she read that when it came out, yeah. OK. So I think we've covered feminism. 0:22:37.940 --> 0:22:39.820 Puffer, Sheila OK, what else have you got for me? 0:22:39.710 --> 0:22:40.70 Alex Bendall Alright. 0:22:44.300 --> 0:22:44.340 Alex Bendall N. 0:22:50.660 --> 0:22:51.260 Alex Bendall So. 0:22:52.820 --> 0:23:1.940 Alex Bendall This is more of a bigger deal in the United States, but the Vietnam War was going on then. What did the student body in Ottawa think about that? 0:23:8.990 --> 0:23:13.30 Alex Bendall What was the general perception from Canadian students of the Vietnam War? 0:23:18.420 --> 0:23:28.820 Puffer, Sheila You know, I actually went to two universities before I went to the University of Ottawa. I started out at Saint Mary's University in Halifax in 1969. 0:23:30.240 --> 0:23:38.440 Puffer, Sheila And it was a male university with only 2000 students. It was the first year that they accepted women, and there were 200 women. 0:23:40.280 --> 0:23:40.400 Alex Bendall All. 0:23:40.160 --> 0:23:41.480 Puffer, Sheila Among those men were draft dodgers from the USA. I remember them. 0:23:48.420 --> 0:23:48.500 Alex Bendall Oh. 0:23:49.390 --> 0:23:49.590 Puffer, Sheila Yeah. 0:23:51.610 --> 0:23:53.370 Puffer, Sheila And so that was my introduction to. 0:23:54.690 --> 0:24:2.10 Puffer, Sheila I was face to face with the Vietnam War there in 1969-70 in Halifax, right. 0:24:3.520 --> 0:24:7.800 Puffer, Sheila No draft dodgers came to Laurentian University in Sudbury that I had discovered. 0:24:9.240 --> 0:24:12.760 Puffer, Sheila And I don't recall meeting any at the University of Ottawa either. 0:24:14.940 --> 0:24:25.620 Puffer, Sheila And you know, I wasn't particularly political. I was so deeply into international things, languages and different cultures. 0:24:26.400 --> 0:24:26.640 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:24:26.940 --> 0:24:28.20 Puffer, Sheila I just remember. 0:24:29.740 --> 0:24:44.300 Puffer, Sheila Every week in Time magazine there were just horrendous photos of the Vietnam War. It seemed every week it was a horrible thing. But no, I wasn't out protesting. I wasn't part of any groups involved in that, and I have no recollection of that at the University of Ottawa. 0:24:58.250 --> 0:24:58.650 Puffer, Sheila No, I don't. 0:24:54.210 --> 0:25:0.10 Alex Bendall Like no recollection of any protests at all at UOttawa. Oh OK, interesting. 0:24:59.790 --> 0:25:1.270 Puffer, Sheila There were, but they were not part of my memory bank. Yeah, 'cause I didn't participate. Oh, yeah. 0:25:10.930 --> 0:25:11.450 Alex Bendall All right. 0:25:18.670 --> 0:25:18.830 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:25:21.50 --> 0:25:21.810 Alex Bendall OK so. 0:25:24.800 --> 0:25:32.280 Alex Bendall My next question is that some youth culture voice from the 1970s promoted taking recreational drugs. 0:25:33.600 --> 0:25:39.360 Alex Bendall Again, you don't have to answer any question if you don't want to, but to what extent? Recreational drugs available on campus during the 1970s? 0:25:40.850 --> 0:25:42.210 Puffer, Sheila Oh, I have no idea. 0:25:45.270 --> 0:25:45.950 Alex Bendall All right. 0:25:44.490 --> 0:25:46.290 Puffer, Sheila Wasn't into it, no. 0:25:47.480 --> 0:25:49.160 Alex Bendall All right, moving on. 0:25:48.270 --> 0:25:51.190 Puffer, Sheila I wouldn't know. I wouldn't. I didn't know many students who took drugs or smoked weed or anything. I barely knew what it smelled like, you know, marijuana. No. 0:26:4.690 --> 0:26:6.570 Puffer, Sheila I was having way too much fun without that. 0:26:9.450 --> 0:26:9.610 Puffer, Sheila Yeah. 0:26:10.690 --> 0:26:11.50 Alex Bendall All right. 0:26:16.100 --> 0:26:18.980 Alex Bendall I still have a few more, like feminism questions. 0:26:25.330 --> 0:26:25.610 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:26:21.270 --> 0:26:26.390 Puffer, Sheila Do you ask these of oh, you only have if you're only interviewing me. But men would be asked these questions too. 0:26:27.570 --> 0:26:27.890 Puffer, Sheila Right. 0:26:29.700 --> 0:26:31.900 Puffer, Sheila I wish my husband was here for you to ask. 0:26:28.250 --> 0:26:36.490 Alex Bendall Yeah. Yeah, they would, yeah, they would. It's like a preset set of questions for everybody in my class. Yeah. All right. 0:26:38.270 --> 0:26:56.190 Alex Bendall So in your own words, I mean, you already kind of gave me your view on how feminism helped you. But like what in more broader terms, the like feminism overall in Canada, in your own words, how, like, what did it signify in Canada in the early 1970s? 0:26:58.520 --> 0:27:4.200 Puffer, Sheila Well, I was working and going to the university at the same time and there was a federal government report, and it was called the Commission on the status of the women, something like that. 0:27:20.100 --> 0:27:21.940 Puffer, Sheila And so I was aware of that. 0:27:28.600 --> 0:27:34.240 Puffer, Sheila It was a good thing because I thought it was a good thing because it was addressing issues. 0:27:36.0 --> 0:27:45.80 Puffer, Sheila That government Commission report was addressing issues about the role of women in society and how inequalities in the workforce and access to education and childcare and so on could be addressed. 0:28:0.830 --> 0:28:0.990 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:28:4.560 --> 0:28:10.240 Puffer, Sheila I read the report, I don't think very many people or many students did, but I did. 0:28:12.270 --> 0:28:16.990 Puffer, Sheila I mean, look at where I've ended up in life, you know, I'm an academic. 0:28:17.920 --> 0:28:18.160 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:28:18.540 --> 0:28:21.60 Puffer, Sheila I read stuff. I read, you know, boring stuff. 0:28:25.100 --> 0:28:25.420 Alex Bendall OK. 0:28:28.770 --> 0:28:33.810 Alex Bendall So, since gender distinctions were more pronounced in the 1970s than today. 0:28:36.230 --> 0:28:43.270 Alex Bendall Did being a woman result in different treatment and expectations in classrooms or social events compared to male students? 0:28:47.690 --> 0:28:47.770 Puffer, Sheila Yup. 0:28:59.470 --> 0:29:13.310 Puffer, Sheila Where I worked in the federal government, there was a lot of sexism and there was, you know, exploitation of women. I have a cute story, though, just in that we had an absolutely fantastic professor of Russian. 0:29:14.710 --> 0:29:15.70 Puffer, Sheila And. 0:29:17.150 --> 0:29:29.270 Puffer, Sheila You know, the custom in Russia, Ukraine, European countries in general is to call people by their last name. 0:29:30.460 --> 0:29:33.980 Puffer, Sheila So one night in Russian class, he didn't hear me put the feminine ending on a verb. 0:29:51.890 --> 0:29:52.50 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:29:43.790 --> 0:29:56.750 Puffer, Sheila I guess I had said it just kind of so he didn't hear it. It was not loud enough. And so he just shouted to me, “Skirt, Puffer, skirt!” 0:30:6.140 --> 0:30:6.420 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:30:1.710 --> 0:30:8.670 Puffer, Sheila He wanted me to put that feminine ending on because I was speaking, and so I needed to add a feminine ending to the verb. 0:30:9.850 --> 0:30:12.370 Puffer, Sheila It was the cutest thing. We all laughed. 0:30:22.720 --> 0:30:23.40 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:30:16.0 --> 0:30:31.400 Puffer, Sheila Oh, you know, I don't go looking for discrimination. I don't. I just carry on and do what I want to try to accomplish, what I want to accomplish. And as you can see. 0:30:33.570 --> 0:30:37.170 Puffer, Sheila I think it's just my own demeanor. 0:30:39.300 --> 0:30:50.740 Puffer, Sheila There were actually mostly men in my MBA graduate classes. Sometimes I was the only woman in the class and I was the only English speaking person in the class. 0:30:55.510 --> 0:30:59.430 Puffer, Sheila Because you could take your courses in English or French. 0:31:15.910 --> 0:31:16.70 Alex Bendall Sure. 0:31:1.190 --> 0:31:24.350 Puffer, Sheila Most of them. And so I challenged myself to take half of them in French. And these really nice young French speaking male students and the male professor said, “Well, why are you doing this in French? Why don't you just take the English section?” I said, “Because I'm gonna learn French and I want to learn the terminology in French and I want the challenge of that.” So people could recognize that I was, I was a little different. 0:31:25.580 --> 0:31:25.820 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:31:30.910 --> 0:31:32.350 Puffer, Sheila Whereas in the workplace, in the early 70s, I worked for the Director of Personnel. 0:31:39.30 --> 0:31:40.70 Puffer, Sheila I won't say where. 0:31:42.710 --> 0:31:44.510 Puffer, Sheila And he introduced me to a male visitor to the office. 0:31:46.350 --> 0:31:48.350 Puffer, Sheila I know this is hard for you to imagine, but think of. 0:31:49.540 --> 0:32:0.900 Puffer, Sheila You know, me at your age and not the age I am now. And it was at the age of very short skirts and, you know, miniskirts and all that. 0:32:2.220 --> 0:32:13.140 Puffer, Sheila Which was kind of weird. Well, in a sense. Oh, and then it was the burning of the bras. I remember that, too, was at that time I was there. Yeah. So a lot of bras were eliminated. And, you know, there weren't any such things as sports bras, which, you know, are a lot more comfortable. So anyway, this boss, somebody came in new to the office, a visitor. 0:32:29.610 --> 0:32:31.330 Puffer, Sheila So, back to my boss. 0:32:32.810 --> 0:32:35.610 Puffer, Sheila I was his assistant. I was not his secretary. I was at an administrative level. You know, that first rung in the hierarchy, and he introduced me to another man there. And he said, “Oh, and this is Sheila,” and gave my title. And then he said, “She's cute – and clever too.” 0:32:57.860 --> 0:33:18.140 Puffer, Sheila I went home and I told my husband, 'cause I got married very young, and told him, “Can you imagine! This is what he said.” And we laughed about that for years. And my husband would say to me just for fun sometimes, you know, like 40 years old, he's like, “You know what? You're cute – and clever too.” 0:33:21.810 --> 0:33:22.450 Alex Bendall That's awesome. 0:33:26.690 --> 0:33:27.130 Alex Bendall Alright. 0:33:28.890 --> 0:33:35.330 Alex Bendall What kind of programmes or departments or clubs where women are less accepted? 0:33:36.670 --> 0:33:37.470 Alex Bendall From your experience. 0:33:38.290 --> 0:33:41.10 Puffer, Sheila I don't know. I don't really. I didn't really join any clubs. 0:33:41.910 --> 0:33:42.230 Alex Bendall Oh, OK. 0:33:42.600 --> 0:33:48.400 Puffer, Sheila I just ran them. You know, I ran the Slavianski Bazaar club with my husband. 0:33:49.960 --> 0:33:50.960 Puffer, Sheila And the professor. 0:33:54.40 --> 0:33:55.0 Puffer, Sheila That was pretty equal. 0:33:56.420 --> 0:34:1.420 Alex Bendall Did you get a lot of people in that club over the course of how long you? However long you ran it? 0:34:1.900 --> 0:34:3.420 Puffer, Sheila Yeah, we had it for a few years. 0:34:5.350 --> 0:34:6.390 Puffer, Sheila We had a couple dozen. 0:34:7.280 --> 0:34:27.520 Puffer, Sheila And again, you know, my husband was like me, only he had the advantage of being male. But he was so interested in different languages and cultures. That's obviously why we, you know, a big a big reason why we connected anyway. 0:34:28.920 --> 0:34:30.320 Puffer, Sheila He and I. 0:34:33.220 --> 0:34:36.180 Puffer, Sheila Well, let me see. I think there were two other non-Slavic people in the club. 0:34:41.650 --> 0:34:52.410 Puffer, Sheila And so the people who took Slavic Studies courses, who took Russian, some of these people had emigrated from the Czech Republic. They had because in 1969, I think it was, there was the Velvet Revolution in the Czech Republic in what was it called then. And. And so people emigrated. And they wanted an easy credit. 0:35:7.860 --> 0:35:11.500 Puffer, Sheila It was an easy course for them. We called them bird courses. What do you call them now? 0:35:13.370 --> 0:35:14.570 Alex Bendall Fluffy courses. 0:35:16.100 --> 0:35:16.260 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:35:21.80 --> 0:35:21.480 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:35:14.820 --> 0:35:21.500 Puffer, Sheila OK. And so they wanted those and they were forced to learn Russian growing up in the Czech Republic. 0:35:22.980 --> 0:35:23.620 Puffer, Sheila And so. 0:35:25.420 --> 0:35:51.540 Puffer, Sheila You know, they didn't speak very good Russian 'cause Czech and Russian have a lot in common, but they have a lot of things where you can really mess up if you're just lazy and don't seriously speak the language. So the point was, oh, I don't know. I shouldn't say that. Maybe there were about four or five English speaking people and a couple of French speaking people. 0:35:52.20 --> 0:36:8.180 Puffer, Sheila I remember them now. Francoise Nadeau, Denis Genereux, Brenda Cuillard. Yep. And that's right. And then we had Bernard Julian, who was from Britain, and we had Rick Pinchuk and he was a Ukrainian refugee. 0:36:9.500 --> 0:36:12.580 Puffer, Sheila So that club was mostly populated by non-native born Canadians. 0:36:21.270 --> 0:36:23.70 Puffer, Sheila And we liked that, my husband and I. 0:36:26.50 --> 0:36:26.210 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:36:29.240 --> 0:36:36.520 Alex Bendall All right. So my next section is the section about generational differences and. 0:36:39.90 --> 0:36:47.210 Alex Bendall So to what extent did your generation believe that your parents’ notions like gender, family dating, et cetera were outdated? 0:37:3.970 --> 0:37:4.210 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:37:1.0 --> 0:37:4.920 Puffer, Sheila That's the same values as our parents. 0:37:7.500 --> 0:37:13.940 Alex Bendall Like you, you specifically or just. Did you feel like that was the case for your whole generation? 0:37:16.150 --> 0:37:23.270 Puffer, Sheila To what extent did we accept or challenge our parents? 0:37:24.690 --> 0:37:29.250 Puffer, Sheila Views on dating and gender differences like. 0:37:34.360 --> 0:37:36.560 Puffer, Sheila Hmm. Don't know. Nothing really. 0:37:37.880 --> 0:37:42.920 Puffer, Sheila And my husband and I had again sought out unusual people. 0:37:44.240 --> 0:37:47.400 Puffer, Sheila On the campus? Yeah, you're getting the idea. 0:37:49.40 --> 0:37:50.80 Puffer, Sheila There, you know, we found. 0:37:52.100 --> 0:37:53.180 Puffer, Sheila My husband and I were so. 0:37:55.810 --> 0:37:57.530 Puffer, Sheila We were so happy together. 0:37:59.40 --> 0:38:3.360 Puffer, Sheila And we were so curious about people who are a little different. 0:38:4.790 --> 0:38:8.430 Puffer, Sheila That we became friends with single people. 0:38:9.710 --> 0:38:11.150 Puffer, Sheila And we would take them. 0:38:12.470 --> 0:38:28.990 Puffer, Sheila You know on drives and, you know, we just had them hang out with us or whatever. And we had some male ones and we had some female ones. We had some couples. But I remember my husband saying, “You know, I think X is probably gay.” 0:38:30.190 --> 0:38:35.550 Puffer, Sheila “And you know, and this other one is likely …” 0:38:37.70 --> 0:38:38.110 Puffer, Sheila “To be, you know …” 0:38:39.950 --> 0:38:40.390 Puffer, Sheila “Lesbian.” 0:38:42.370 --> 0:38:48.170 Puffer, Sheila But we never asked them. We never did. We just were friends with them. 0:38:49.930 --> 0:38:54.90 Puffer, Sheila But they didn't. They weren't people who had boyfriends, girlfriends, or anything. 0:38:55.890 --> 0:38:59.610 Puffer, Sheila But we just found them really interesting and they became our friends. 0:39:0.360 --> 0:39:1.120 Alex Bendall Make sense? Yeah. 0:39:3.480 --> 0:39:6.200 Puffer, Sheila Yeah. Yeah, we didn't talk about that stuff. 0:39:9.30 --> 0:39:9.390 Alex Bendall OK. 0:39:12.480 --> 0:39:13.840 Alex Bendall As a follow up, did you feel? 0:39:15.490 --> 0:39:28.170 Alex Bendall That the political system in Canada was like democratic, fair enough, responsive to the citizens’ needs or to like your generation's needs, do you think? 0:39:29.680 --> 0:39:30.120 Alex Bendall Yeah. OK. 0:39:30.980 --> 0:39:32.420 Puffer, Sheila Very, very liberal. 0:39:45.250 --> 0:39:45.570 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:39:33.840 --> 0:39:53.120 Puffer, Sheila Pierre Trudeau was the Prime Minister and he put in the whole bilingualism programme. I thought it was exceptional. Yeah. And I thought he really transformed society. 0:39:54.170 --> 0:39:55.970 Alex Bendall Yes, definitely. 0:39:56.510 --> 0:40:3.510 Puffer, Sheila Not just bilingualism, but as I said, the Commission on the Status, oh, that's what it was called, the Commission on the status of women. 0:40:5.750 --> 0:40:8.350 Puffer, Sheila I pulled that out from 50 years ago. 0:40:10.200 --> 0:40:10.400 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:40:15.365 --> 0:40:20.445 Puffer, Sheila I loved living in Ottawa. I just loved it. It was bilingual. You had all these international restaurants, because diplomats were there from different parts of the world. So my husband and I would go to African restaurants, we’d go to, you know, Greek restaurants. When Greek food wasn't that widespread. You get the idea. It was a really wonderful place to be interested in international things. 0:40:44.485 --> 0:41:0.845 Alex Bendall Yeah. I guess with you being so interested in other cultures from around the world, it makes sense that you would like Pierre Trudeau so much, him being such a big part in, like creating Canada into a multicultural society, right? 0:41:1.315 --> 0:41:1.755 Puffer, Sheila Yes. 0:41:2.365 --> 0:41:2.605 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:41:3.295 --> 0:41:4.255 Puffer, Sheila And actually. 0:41:6.235 --> 0:41:8.75 Puffer, Sheila While I was going to the university. 0:41:9.895 --> 0:41:18.575 Puffer, Sheila One of the early jobs that I had after I was the administrative assistant to that Director of Personnel, then I became a Bilingualism Officer. 0:41:21.155 --> 0:41:29.995 Puffer, Sheila At the National Capital Commission. It was just awesome because I tested people for their level of bilingualism. I gave them oral and written tests. 0:41:31.445 --> 0:41:32.925 Puffer, Sheila And I have the cutest story. 0:41:34.485 --> 0:41:38.125 Puffer, Sheila Again, I know, I was 20 years old. What do you know when you're 20? 0:41:40.725 --> 0:41:45.205 Puffer, Sheila So I went to Gatineau Park. 0:41:46.675 --> 0:42:7.235 Puffer, Sheila You know the people who took care of the grounds, and there were a lot. They mowed the lawns and so on and so forth. But they needed to be bilingual when tourists would come by or, you know, visitors to the park would come by. And they were all French speaking. And I was testing them and they had very little education. 0:42:8.395 --> 0:42:15.595 Puffer, Sheila You know, they might have had a 6th or 8th grade education. They were the nicest people and they had worked there for years and years. 0:42:17.195 --> 0:42:28.315 Puffer, Sheila I tested so I had my tape recorder. A big, big tape recorder like this. These are men, you know, in their 50s. 0:42:29.715 --> 0:42:30.995 Puffer, Sheila And here I am, 20. 0:42:33.75 --> 0:42:41.555 Puffer, Sheila They're all wearing their park uniforms and everything. They're all very clean and well groomed. I start with a written test. And one of the gentlemen looked kind of like a deer in the headlights. 0:42:42.245 --> 0:42:52.525 Puffer, Sheila He said, “Excusez-moi, mademoiselle, mais j’ai oublie mes lunettes.” [I’m sorry, miss, but I forgot my glasses.] 0:43:8.75 --> 0:43:13.755 Puffer, Sheila And then another person said, “Moi aussi.” [Me too.] 0:43:16.385 --> 0:43:16.545 Alex Bendall OK. 0:43:16.875 --> 0:43:20.395 Puffer, Sheila And it took me a moment until I realized they meant they couldn’t take the written test in English. So I said, “OK, we're not doing that test.” 0:43:29.605 --> 0:43:29.925 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:43:23.915 --> 0:43:31.275 Puffer, Sheila They didn't need to really write in English anyway. It was just communicating verbally with the park visitors. 0:43:32.195 --> 0:43:40.595 Puffer, Sheila So I mean, I had the most wonderful time with the bilingualism programme that Prime Minister Trudeau implemented. I met the most wonderful people. 0:43:42.45 --> 0:43:42.565 Alex Bendall Nice. 0:43:44.315 --> 0:43:45.595 Puffer, Sheila And I have great respect for them. 0:43:51.185 --> 0:43:53.505 Alex Bendall All right. Well, I have one final. 0:43:55.425 --> 0:44:13.905 Alex Bendall Section here before we end this interview, and so cultural historians have argued that the introduction of birth control, pill legalization of abortion and dissemination of the free ideology changed gender relations and dating practices in the early 1970s. Do you agree with this statement? 0:44:16.945 --> 0:44:19.945 Puffer, Sheila You broke up a little bit there, Alex. Please repeat the question. 0:44:21.735 --> 0:44:37.375 Alex Bendall Cultural historians have argued that the introduction of the birth control pill, the legalization of abortion and the dissemination of the free love ideology changed gender relations and dating practices in the early 1970s. 0:44:38.675 --> 0:44:44.675 Alex Bendall It's like, do you agree with that statement and what did the dating scene look like at UOttawa during the 1970s? 0:44:46.75 --> 0:44:47.835 Puffer, Sheila Yes, it changed dating practices. 0:44:49.215 --> 0:44:52.175 Puffer, Sheila I think women felt a lot, a lot more in control. 0:44:53.385 --> 0:44:53.705 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:44:53.445 --> 0:44:56.885 Puffer, Sheila And there was more sexual freedom as a result of that. 0:44:58.615 --> 0:45:4.135 Puffer, Sheila And then, of course, I met my husband as soon as I came on campus. 0:45:6.175 --> 0:45:6.255 Puffer, Sheila Uh. 0:45:28.425 --> 0:45:28.665 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:45:7.115 --> 0:45:34.75 Puffer, Sheila Ah, well, I started in, you know, September and I met him on January 5th, 1972. So I only had one semester of just going on dates. Right. And then I met my husband and that was it. So yeah, I'm not a good representative of dating for, you know, for my four years of college. 0:45:35.435 --> 0:45:36.315 Puffer, Sheila Dating other people. 0:45:37.315 --> 0:45:38.235 Alex Bendall That makes sense, yeah. 0:45:41.595 --> 0:45:43.835 Alex Bendall All right, well. 0:45:43.875 --> 0:45:47.635 Alex Bendall That's really all I have for the questions that I have written down here. 0:45:48.975 --> 0:45:51.375 Alex Bendall Is there anything else you'd like to talk about or say? 0:45:51.625 --> 0:45:56.825 Puffer, Sheila Oh, that's so nice of you. No, but I'll just tell you one very, very nice thing. 0:45:58.305 --> 0:46:13.945 Puffer, Sheila Not as nice as some of the other things I've told you, but I've lived in Boston here for a long time. I've lived in the United States since I got. Well, I came here for my PhD. Thanks to those two professors. All right, Jacques and Michel, and my husband. 0:46:16.345 --> 0:46:21.865 Puffer, Sheila And so living in Boston, I played in a rock band. 0:46:24.895 --> 0:46:25.455 Alex Bendall Really. 0:46:22.725 --> 0:46:27.685 Puffer, Sheila For fun for 20 years and yeah, just every Friday night we'd play. 0:46:35.935 --> 0:46:36.95 Alex Bendall OK. 0:46:29.485 --> 0:46:37.605 Puffer, Sheila And you know, we had young kids, all of us. We were in our 40s when we started. So it's a long time ago, right. 0:46:39.805 --> 0:46:53.645 Puffer, Sheila So anyway, one night there was a new man who was a neighbor of the drummer and his wife, who was a singer. So this man kept showing up and he played a really nice bass guitar. 0:47:0.85 --> 0:47:24.485 Puffer, Sheila And then after a couple of weeks, I learned that he was from Ottawa. Oh, really? OK. Turns out he and his wife went to Ottawa U at exactly the same time as undergraduates as my husband and myself. But we were up on Laurier Ave in the arts and business school, and they were in biology down the hill. We never met them while we were at Ottawa and then fast forward 25 years or something, and we met them in Boston, playing in a rock band together. 0:47:38.485 --> 0:47:39.285 Alex Bendall That's crazy. 0:47:56.165 --> 0:47:56.285 Alex Bendall Hi. 0:47:41.835 --> 0:47:56.435 Puffer, Sheila And the rock band kind of dissolved during COVID. But we kept it together for 20 years, and I'm still friends with them. And they moved back to Ottawa a number of years ago. 0:47:57.415 --> 0:47:57.735 Puffer, Sheila Yeah. 0:47:57.745 --> 0:47:58.945 Alex Bendall What was your rock band called? 0:48:0.195 --> 0:48:1.315 Puffer, Sheila Off the Record. 0:48:2.385 --> 0:48:3.185 Alex Bendall Off the Record. 0:48:3.465 --> 0:48:12.225 Puffer, Sheila Yeah, we played all these rock tunes which we knew as originals when we were growing up. 0:48:13.365 --> 0:48:14.445 Puffer, Sheila When we were teenagers, yeah. 0:48:15.305 --> 0:48:15.585 Alex Bendall Yeah. 0:48:15.985 --> 0:48:17.905 Puffer, Sheila Yeah, we played the Eagles and we played… 0:48:19.605 --> 0:48:23.805 Puffer, Sheila Oh, we, of course. The Eagles and Rolling Stones and yeah. 0:48:25.85 --> 0:48:28.245 Alex Bendall That's my favorite genre of music right there. That's what I listen to all the time. 0:48:28.845 --> 0:48:33.725 Puffer, Sheila Really. Oh yeah, we loved it, but we, you know, we were the screaming fans back in the day. 0:48:37.275 --> 0:48:42.915 Puffer, Sheila OK, really fun. I will. I would love to have the recording please. 0:48:43.885 --> 0:48:46.85 Alex Bendall Absolutely no problem. 0:48:45.175 --> 0:48:47.935 Puffer, Sheila OK so I am going to a comedy show now. 0:48:49.745 --> 0:48:50.625 Alex Bendall Which comedy show? 0:48:51.115 --> 0:49:5.995 Puffer, Sheila Well, it's an improv show, and I took an 8 week improv class this summer here in Boston, which was a blast. Really, really fun. So I'm gonna go and see the professionals do it. 0:49:7.65 --> 0:49:7.545 Alex Bendall Nice. 0:49:7.955 --> 0:49:8.115 Puffer, Sheila Yeah. 0:49:8.695 --> 0:49:9.455 Alex Bendall Well, have fun. 0:49:9.745 --> 0:49:16.625 Puffer, Sheila Thanks a lot. Alex, this is fun and yeah, I'll enjoy receiving the recording and the transcript and. 0:49:26.325 --> 0:49:26.765 Alex Bendall All right. 0:49:18.145 --> 0:49:34.385 Puffer, Sheila I will sign that form, but don't worry. It's perfectly fine. You can see I enjoyed myself and I had. I had really wonderful memories. Yeah. Oh, what I didn't tell you my husband's name, for heaven's sake. Because he graduated there. He got a master's in Slavic Studies and a PhD in Slavic Studies. 0:49:36.225 --> 0:49:40.545 Puffer, Sheila And his name is Hugh Fraser. Fraser. 0:49:43.985 --> 0:49:45.585 Alex Bendall Alright, thank you. 0:49:44.965 --> 0:49:52.365 Puffer, Sheila There you go. I needed to get that in there. 'cause he's not around to be interviewed for the 70s, but he was there, I can guarantee. 0:49:53.165 --> 0:49:53.565 Alex Bendall All right. 0:49:55.55 --> 0:49:57.55 Alex Bendall Well, thank you very much. You too. 0:49:54.695 --> 0:49:58.975 Puffer, Sheila Take care. Alright. Have fun. Right. Bye bye. 0:49:59.995 --> 0:50:0.235 Alex Bendall Bye. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, https://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Puffer, Sheila (interview) Description An account of the resource Account of the subjects experiences on campus of the University of Ottawa in the 1970's. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2023-10-22 Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource oral history 1970s Canadian History Gender Leisure Second-Wave Feminism Student Clubs Student Life University of Ottawa Person An individual. Birthplace Toronto, Ontario, Canada Schools Attended University of Ottawa, 1974-1975 Degree MA Career education Religious Culture Catholic Christian Gender Identity man Sexual Orientation LGBTQ+ Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, https://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vares, Thomas Type The nature or genre of the resource person Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, https://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Campus Voices 1970-1975 Description An account of the resource Collection of oral histories from witnesses to North American campuses Relation A related resource https://sites.google.com/view/lifeoncampus/campus-voices Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Boogaart, Thomas Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Vares, Thomas Location The location of the interview Ottawa, Ontario, Canada Transcription Any written text transcribed from a sound Vares, Thomas Interview Title: Interview with Thomas Vares Interviewed by: Thomas Boogaart II Date of Interview: November 10, 2023 Venue: Ottawa, Ontario, Canada using Teams Transcription Method: Microsoft Teams Original Language: English Translation: DeepL and Thomas Boogaart edits Tags (English): Ottawa, Toronto, Estonian Immigrant Culture, University of Ottawa, Youth Rebellion, Counterculture Movement, Hair Styles, Sexism, Shoplifting, Francophone Culture, Department of History, Party Culture. Citation: • Bibliography: Vares, Thomas. Interview with Thomas Boogaart. November 10, 2023. 1 hour, 20 minutes, 30 seconds. https://omeka.uottawa.ca/lifeoncampus/admin/items/show/1 • Footnote: Thomas Vares, interview with Thomas Boogaart, November 10, 2023, 23:06-23:24. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-M39RtSf81k Thomas Boogaart (TB): It is November 10, 2023. We're in Desmarais 9114 and I have with me an illustrious alumni from the class of 1973, AKA a dinosaur generation. Thomas Vare (TV): The dinosaur generation? TB: Yes, we're looking forward to hearing some histories, Thomas Vares; did I pronounce it correctly? TV: Yeah. TB: OK, so I'm a little bit of a historian of the 20th century, and for an Estonian of that generation, usually when your family came over here (to Canada) it was related in some way to World War Two. So, I was curious how your family landed here. TV: Very well. So, I was born in Toronto. We lived in the Beach, which is the East End, a very Anglo-Saxon neighborhood, and still perhaps one of the most Anglo-Saxon neighborhoods in multicultural Toronto today. So, my parents came from Estonia, one of the Baltic countries, very, very small, about the size of Montreal, a country with a population of about 1.2 million, one-third being Russian today. And, they were overtaken by the Soviets during the Second World War, and people had basically 48 hours to make a decision. Do they stay and become part of the Soviet occupation, or do they flee? So, my parents fled from different families, and they fled across Europe and my mother, and her mother, fled to Germany. And they were in one of these work camps in Germany. They were actually in Dresden for the fire bombings by the Allies. And you know, they described to me these stories of how all the buildings were burning, and the only way that they could escape the bombed area was to wrap wet bed sheets around their bodies and run between the burning buildings. TB: Did they use white phosphorus? TV: I don't know what they used at that point in the bombing, and also my mother and her mother became separated in Dresden at one point. And so people would go to a wall and they dropped their name. And then say, you know, meet me at such and such a place and people could get unified again. So, my mother and my grandmother reunited. And then they came to Canada together. TB: They were displaced persons in Germany? TV: Exactly. And, so, they immigrated under that program, and they became maids for the Nielsen family in Toronto. The Chocolate Nielsen family. So, they were made for that particular family. That was the first employment they had. Now my father's story is a bit different. My father was from one of the major cities in Estonia and there was a political problem in that family. The Vares family, where one of the brothers was a Soviet sympathizer, and became the 1st President of the Estonian, of the Soviet version of Estonia, Estonian, USSR. So, my father; he fled with his mother and father and they ended up in New York. And somehow, I don't know the story, but my father managed to come to Canada and established himself in Toronto, where he worked on the railway. And so that's where he met my mother in Toronto. TB: So, they were both Estonian, but they didn't meet in the neighborhood. They met at work. TV: I don't know, they were dating somehow. I don't know how it was, but the immigrant community was very interesting because let's say all of these Estonians that immigrated in that wave after the Second World War in Toronto, all became a network of friends. And you know, my godparents were friends or friends, and it was a very, very tight network. TB: It's very typical with immigrants. TV: The street that I grew up on in Toronto, it had 12 Estonian families, but you believe that's the, let's say there were maybe 70 homes on Glen Davis. The street in the east and there were like 11 or 12 Estonian families on that street. TB: I think Estonian was Catholic. TV: No, they were Lutheran. So, you have regular Lutheran, and then you have an evangelical branch. TB: Yes, I'm familiar with that. So, were those church institutions important in Toronto in terms of integrating your social life? TV: Yes, very much so. The Priest- the minister- would visit our home and talk to my parents, etcetera. And, every year, an amount of money was identified by the minister as to how much the family had to contribute to the church. TB: The Tithe. TV: Exactly. So, it's almost like the old-fashioned Catholic way of doing things. TB: So, growing up in that system, imagine a lot of your social activities would have been in the church. TV: Exactly. So, I went to the Estonian Lutheran Church in Toronto. I went to Estonian summer camp where we spoke Estonian and it maintained the language. I went to Estonian school once a week in the evenings learning how to read and write, learn the history, and that sort of thing. So one of the things that sort of bothered me was that being brought up in that type of home, European Home Canada was put on a second level and the Estonian way of doing things is always the best, the superior way. These Canadians don't know anything. They don't know how to make soup. They, you know, eat soup out of again. But we European Estonians we cooked from scratch, you know? TB: It makes sense, right? Because they were forced to flee their home. So there was a kind of a loneliness for a home. TV: They couldn't go back, but as you know, very interesting. Is that what they don't realize? They couldn't go back really at that point because of the Soviet situation. You know what is interesting is the home country evolves. TB: Um-hmm. TV: And advances yes, and the language advances the vocabulary advances, but the all the exported colony. Yes, is frozen in time. TB: So, the linguists come to the United States to study the old language because it's frozen. TV: So exactly this is what happened, let's say with French. So, when New France was established in North America, the people here, the culture, the accent, it froze. Meanwhile, France, the metropolis it was evolving, right? So the Quebec accent that you have today is very much based on umm, you know exactly that's that same. TB: So you really grew up in an English Estonian environment? TV: Yes. TB: What was your perception growing up about Francophone culture? TV: Yeah, I believe in another life I was francophone because let me tell you, at the age of five or six, when I was sitting down at breakfast reading and looking at the Shreddies box or cornflakes, there's French and there's English. I was always fascinated. What is the French we used to get orange pekoe tea in a box, right? And they had a bird card. So, you could make your collection of bird cards. They were bilingual and the instructions on the box were bilingual, so I was always fascinated by this other language. But the overall attitude of immigrants vis-a-vis French was, well, why did they think they're special? You know, there was a little bit of a, a grudge there about well, well, why, you know, why is that language being given all of this attention to when we TB: And that's in the 50s and 60s? TV: Yes. TB: Before the sovereignty movement? TV: Yeah. even before that: And that value never changed with my parents. But they much wanted me to learn French, and we learned it in high school in Toronto, it was only in high school that you really started to seriously studying French. TB: So did you have an idea about Montreal as a cultural scene? TV: Well, Montreal was, you know, up until 1970, Montreal was the biggest city in Canada and the capital of not only French Canadian culture, but English, Canadian culture, because CBC radio and television English section was headquartered in Montreal. So all of the stars and the writers they were all established in Montreal. It wasn't until the political situation and people moved down the 4:01 that Toronto overcame Montreal and then CBC and the English Center of Culture shifted from Montreal to Toronto. TB: But you were growing up in this metropolitan area of Toronto, what was your sense of Montreal as a metropole? TV: Oh, fantastic because in my mind the first contact I had with Montreal was 1967. Expo 67 and all of the students from Toronto came to Montreal for four days or five days and we stayed at the College in the West End and the Agricultural College, TB: John Abott College? TV: Yes, and they had like a dorm. Som we stayed there and then we went to Expo and that's where we met French Canadians for the first time. It was totally amazing and one of the memories I have is they had the Expo train that went around the Expo site and at one point there was this dramatic view of the entire Expo site and there were some students, a class of students from Montreal, French-speaking, that were on that particular train with our class. And the minute they saw this huge view of the Expo, spontaneously, they started singing. Oh, Canada in French. It was a totally amazing moment, but getting back to what you're saying, my affinity and my love for Montreal from that point on was they were European. TB: Like you? TV: Yes, I was of European background. Their values of life were similar to the European values, even has a port. TB: Reading the cereal box you had this sense of affinity for that something. TV: And then when I met French Canadians for the first time when we came here to Montreal and 67, it clicked and I said, you know what, they are European and (Torontonians) they are not. And I don't wanna be racist or anything, but I always felt that English-speaking values and culture it’s sterile. There was something missing there. And the one that's one thing I agreed with my parents that the European background, we know how to live life and a bit more than just working 9 to 5 going home and that sort of thing. TB: That's the affinity you felt. TV: That's the affinity that clicked and then of course coming with my school, my public school, to Ottawa for a tour. Also, that was one of the visits that they organized. It was that whole idea. My God, I just where the government is and I became a political junkie. TB: Did you have a sense that Ottawa was not a cultural center but more of a political center? TV: It was not only a Cultural Center, but when we came here with our class from public school. It was the first time I saw a functioning bilingual environment where you could go into a store and you would hear French-speaking in English-speaking people they had a full-time French radio station, and a television station because, in Toronto, it wasn't until about 1970 that they opened up Radio Canada television station service. : What they had was once in a while they would carry French programs on one of the Hamilton stations, but there was no French-speaking television at that point until about 1970. TB: So you already told me you'll have to do it again. The story of how you came to Ottawa, but I can already see you had a kind of affinity. TV: Right. So yeah, so, I had this. I had this urge to become French-Canadian; Pierre Elliot Trudeau had a lot to do with it. He was my absolute idol and when I came here with my public school tour, it was the, you know, the end of public school. As such, we bumped into him getting, you know, he was getting into his car, and we got to talk to him. So you know it was, yes. So that was that was the first real step towards Ottawa. So what happened was I enrolled in the French program at Glendon College, York University in the 70s, and late 60s. It was a totally francophone college. Lawrence and Bayview. Beautiful campus. Nice mansion. That and classes were very small and it was a totally French program. Today I think it's sort of transformed itself into a half-French program, a half York University English program. So I took two years there and learned everything from French Canadian literature to courses in French Canadian history, took courses in French, Canadian politics, nationalism, all of that. And after two years, I I sat down with my counselor and I said this would have been 1970. I said well, listen, how can I really, really improve my French? Should I go to Quebec City for a summer job, or you know’ what are my options? And they said, well, you know what you could do, you could go to University of Ottawa. They have a fabulous program there where as an Anglophone you can take your history courses in French, but you can write your essays and your exams in English, so you get the best of both worlds and you get really immersed in French. I said, well, that sounds fantastic. So I spoke to my parents. So, they were all for that. And I arrived here at Ottawa U in my third year and this would have been 70, 71, 72 and loved it and never went back to Toronto and graduated. TB: So you did three years? TV: I did two years. TB: Two years and then two years. TV; Yeah, and it was fabulous. TB: Got a job on thenHill? TV: It's a student job. TB: As a page? TV: During the summer I worked in the post office. TB: OK, yes, it's important. TV: Sorting mail for the MP TB: there was a lot more mail back then. TV: Yes, it was fabulous. And then I became involved with the Liberal Party. It became a young liberal and that's a whole different story. TB: yeah, I'd be curious to hear that too, but we should probably leave that. So, what were your first impressions? You talk very positively about your university experience. But I mean you the first time you kind of came off the train where were you, and where were you living? Did you get an apartment? TV: We were living in residences. Well, you know what I have to tell you, the truth about some of it is rather wild. So, my father drove me to the airport in Toronto to come to Ottawa, and as we were driving to the airport, he gave me the father sons and he said, you know, we're so proud of you. You know, we have absolute confidence in you. We know that you're not gonna be a political radical. Umm, although I was, you know, a child flower child in the 60s and you know, a Beatles fan and you know, so I was a little bit of a cultural revolutionary. He said we have absolute confidence in you and we know you won't do drugs and alcohol and that sort of thing. And I didn't even smoke. So, you know, we know that you're gonna be a good boy. Oh, well, let me tell you about the first week in residence. I'm not even going to go into the details, but all of that just went out the window. TB: Uh-huh. TV: Alright, so my first impression of the society is that the society or the culture of the university residence culture was it was really dominated in immersed in the drug culture of the 60s. TB: OK, you know, so even in this, we're talking about alcohol, hashish, marijuana. TV: (nodding); LSD was very, very big. Let's put it this way. First week in residence and I was on the Marshawn residence right by the driveway there, the Nicholas Street. I had marijuana for the first time, and I think it took me 3 mornings to wake up and not be floating above my mattress. I think or whatever it was. So, I indulged in that, but I knew what my limit was after that. And, so, as I saw my friends advancing from marijuana to hashish to LSD and that sort of thing, I would be in the room and I would decline. And quite sometimes it was quite different. Difficult to be the only person in the room that was there. Umm well, everyone else was hallucinating or doing what they were doing, but I don't blame them or anything. But yeah, that was my first impression was now my second impression was, well, coming from Toronto. This was the first time that I met people from small towns.Yes, from Kingston, Napanee, Apine, or whatever it is, they had an entirely different view of life. TB: Yeah. TV: And absolutely different values and I found myself to be the goody goody of the bunch coming from Toronto. TB: From a strict European family, rebelling against their conservative environment? TV: I don't know. I think it was just values that and again, you know I'm not being critical of these people because they were wonderful people. But for instance, you know, I'll give you one example. So, this you know, Thomas, we've got to shake you up here, like, get you into the real world. So, have you ever shoplifted? I said, what are you talking about? He said, well, you know, shoplifted go into a store and steal something. I said absolutely not. I've never done that, I said. How can you possibly do that without being arrested? So, they said to me they were like two guys from Kingston. OK, where you go to Spark St, there's a there's a Kreski's. Umm, we're gonna show you how to shoplift/ TB: They broke you in? TV: OK, so we went. So, we go into the store and just one guy from Kingston, the leader of sort of our pack, said. OK, so this is what you do you see that lighter over there? This is winter. He said you have one glove here and one glove there. So what you do is you pick up the ledger, you look at it and you put it on top of that glove and then when no one's looking, you take the other glove and you put it on top of that and you walk out of the store. Or so I looked at the lighter. I've never and it's just. I'm sorry I can't do it. I can't do it. TB: you were a good boy. TV: No, no, I you know it wasn't a question of being a good boy. I couldn't do the dare. It was a dare, I said, you know, like, I'm sorry. I mean you can call me a suck if you want to. I cannot do it. Then the second guy. I won't tell you his name, but he was wearing one of these huge leather cowboy hats that they were wearing in the 70s and it was a winter's day and there was like a Blizzard outside. So, we were the only people in this Kresky store. So, I, you know, defied the dare. So, this other guy said, well, you see the records over there, I'm going to go over there and I'm gonna steal one of the records. And I looked at him and I said the store is completely empty. There's three of us in this store, He's got this incredible hat on.I mean, I just said I said, you know what? I'm outta here. I'm going back to residence. You know, you guys can do whatever you wanna do. So went back to residence and an hour later the phones in the hall and I get buzzed, saying there's a phone call for you in the hall. I pick up the phone and it's the guy. Well, what do you want from me? Where are you? I'm at the police station. They won't let me out unless somebody comes down and signs for me. And then you know, I can get out. And then I have to go to court, right? TB: So that's just an example of values and I wish it would call that the teenage rebellion culture like these are wild and maybe they settled down and they're couple years. TV: I think you know, again, I've never been brought up in a small town. You know, I've been brought up in the big city and I said, you know, a disciplined home, first-generation Canadian from a European family where it's, you know, you know, the father, the head of the family says, as long as you, as long as you live in my house and you he really said this: when I tell you to jump, you jump and halfway up I'll tell you how high. And if you don't wanna follow my rules and you go and get your own house, like, that's the type of, you know, European for general, you know, home that I was brought up and so looking at these people from small towns, I think they just had a different set of values and I think they saw Ottawa as the big city and that, that, and ou're right that here is a chance for them to act up. TB: Yeah and rebel. TV: And not be impressed with the bigness college. TB: That was part of breaking away from your parents. I mean cycle and the value you know (verify) TV: I must say that you're on to something. I had that same feeling in a sense, but I always had. A desire to push my parents and their insistence on Estonian background to the second level and bring my Canadian to the front level most of my Estonian friends remained in the Estonian culture, and I said to my parents when I moved to Ottawa you and everything I said, you know, this is an important step for me because you know what? I am Canadian first, Estonian background. Second, never, ever question that. So, I'm not gonna waste my time going to Estonian dance. Hmm group or the literature group, I said. I want the Canadian experience, so I'll take that time and I'll learn about French, Canadian literature, and culture. So, that was a little bit of my revolt. But there was a bit of patriotism thing. TB: I want to go back to something you said because that might help to explain it. You said, well, you identified as a flower child. Like you were influenced by The Beatles, but what did that mean? TV: OK, you listen to the beat of people who give me, give you an example. So classical music at home records, you know, but your parents control the record player. So, it was classical records. The only other music there was Nat King Cole, I think, and I think there were some Sinatra disks. So, one day I went out and I bought one of The Beatles albums. This would have been what, 66-65 TB: 1966 (actually 1964) when they were first coming in with the British invasion? TV: Yeah. And I put and I put that on the record player in the living room and my dad. My dad walks in. What on Earth is that? What is that stuff, and take that off. And why are you playing this it? Because I like it. I like it and that was sort of it. I was surprised because he didn't challenge me on that. Usually, I was challenged on everything like, you know, they determined what type of haircut my mom bought me, all my clothes. TB: you had a crew cut. TV: Yes. TB: And the Beatles cut? TV; Oh please you know I was dying for that. TB: So what? TV: I'll give you an example of how I broke away out of that mode. So my mom wants in a while would give me Her Simpsons card retail card to go downtown to Queen St to buy her a particular fashion patterner or something, and then she would always say while you're there, why don’t you buy something for yourself? So, this would have been 68 I think. So, I went downtown to do some at the store and I bought her pattern or whatever it was. But by saw the Sonny and Cher bell bottoms with flowers and yellow and orange and checks and stripes and I said I have to be happy. TB: Wow. TV: Yeah. So, I bought them. I went home and it gave my mom-- my dad hadn't come home from work at that point-- and gave them my mom. I said to her, Mom, can you hem these pants for me? She's like you just take those things back right now. And when your Dad comes home, I'm gonna tell him, you know, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah. So, what I did was I went upstairs. I've never done any sewing or whatever it is. I went into my mom's sewing kit and I hemmed them, I don't know how I knew how to do it, but I shortened those pants. But I was afraid to come out of my room. So, I heard downstairs my dad was home and there was the usual call. Dinner time to go down. So, I go walking downstairs into the dining room and my dad and my mom were there. TB: They are at the table. TV: Yeah, at the table and I'm just like, I'm modeling these Sonny and Cher flower child, bell bottom pants. And you know what? They didn't say anything. TB; You think they had discussed it? TV: I don't know. I don't know, but nothing. TB: No criticism? TV: Absolutely nothing. From then on, I was able to change my clothes. TB: You think they came to some sort of an assessment at that point, they viewed that as a threat. They were gonna lose their son, or what was the threat presented? TV: I think it was cultural. I think it was saying that you know, like we wanted like at this straight European type of child you know a conservative and not into all of this. You know, cultural revolution and everything, but it was sort of step by step. So it was the music that I wanted to hear. It was, you know, getting the bell bottoms. TB: It seemed like the way you're describing it, you can tell me if I'm right or not for your parents it was a sense of you developing your own identity away from old Estonia, but they didn't see it as like you were becoming liberal, promiscuous? TV; No, no, I think they also found it to be. A reality, you know, a reality in a sense. And I think they understood that you know, I was growing and you know, at one point you have to show some respect and acceptance as such. So you know that was so the music, the clothes. And then after the pants, the hair became, you know, I could go to the Barber alone. And I could decide on, you know, but education, strict control. OK. And I'll never forgive my dad for high school. He forced me to take Latin for five years, and my God, I hated that. TB: It's valuable for history. TV: Oh please, are you kidding? I've never used it day in my life and and and my dad. You know, it was. Oh, my son, if you wanna be a lawyer, you wanna be a pharmacist? Do you wanna be a doctor? TB: You have to know latin. . .. TV: No, please. TB: Latin died ten years later. TV: I think the only thing it helped me with is learning French. TB: Base for languages? TV: Yeah, German. I you know, I've studied German. I've studied Russian, studied some other languages. You know how to parse sends a subject, adjective, adverb, that type of thing. You can go into different languages and that was the other great thing about the public school system and taking English was that they took. We took grammar. So you would take it was called parsing, so you would take a sentence in English and identify the subject that a squiggly line, the verb with one bracket for adjectives, square brackets for clauses that but the case is accusative, nominative, that sort of thing. And you really learn skills for almost any language, so this would have been about 2015 in Toronto. I took German cases are very important in German and I was the only I was the oldest person in the class I was the only person who understood when the professor was saying, well, in this particular case, this is the object and it. But it's an object of the preposition, not the verb you know and we went into that and all the younger people in the class of single how do you understand it? All of this stuff, it just clicked because my brother went to school five years after I did, and the grammar study had already changed from forgetting about subject-verb. Just look at the sentence and learn it. TB: So can you go a little bit back to Frosh week? It sounded like all these people, you know, all these people are coming from different backgrounds? TV: Yeah, all over from Ontario. TB: They're broken away from the nest of their parents, and it just seemed like it was a wild party. Do you remember what it was like? You were in a dorm, so it was a party? TV: It was absolutely a party, party, party and you know whichever group that you belong to. You know, it was very difficult to study the group. TB: You belong to the group, the people on your floor that you were assigned to? TV: Yeah,, let's put it this way. All right, the favorite thing was let's skip class. Oh my God. TB: Right. TV: You know, high school. You can't. You get a detention. At university, no one is checking it, so they're in this? Oh, it's not good. You know, let's skip class today and you know, go down to the penny for a beer or whatever it is, right? It got to the point where at the end of the second semester in 3rd year where you have to sit down with your professors and decide on what the subject is for your essay or whatever it is. Why would show up and the professor would look at me and say who are you? I have never seen you before, right? And as a result, I was called into the Dean's office and I was told point blank. Sorry, we're not going to allow you to go on to the 4th year program because your marks are a disaster for 30, for 30-year. Ohhh, my gosh, just like Alex Trebek who got a second chance. TB: you pleaded. TV; I know, I pleaded. And I pleaded and I said, look, this is would be the end of my world. You know, I could never go back home if this happened to me, you know? Please, please, please give me a chance. So, they said. All right. Well, put you on probation. So first, first term, 4th year you're on probation. If you don't get over 65% in everything you know we won't allow you to proceed. Well, did I learn no more parties on Friday, Saturday, Sunday? Totally in the library all the time reading, doing my essays studying, regardless of what my friends said. So, the end of the term, uh, the officers were in the arts building the old arts building. That's where you had your nicer things were just starting to be computerized. Admins, admin, admin for administration. Obviously, we didn't. TB: Ordinary people didn't have computers. TV; So when I went to meet my advisor, I hadn't received my marks yet, because there's always a month delay before you get the paper thing in the mail. So I have scheduled a meeting with my advisor. He said, OK, well, this is the moment of truth. TB: Your marks? TV: I'm gonna click in your file number, and all of the marks are filed now. So this is the moment of truth, and I'm just sitting there saying oh my God. Then the course they came in sort of what you said, 95, 86. You were a little bit uncertain, even though. No, no, I was just, you know, you know. And she's meeting them 95, 85, you know, 82. TB: You did it. TV: I did it, and from that moment on I knew what studying was all about, but that became a very important moment in my life, in the sense of second chances. So, this would have been the year 2004. When I was in Toronto, I had so many different jobs and I don't know if you want to get into that, but at one point I was teaching public relations in a three-year program at Durham College in Oshawa. I lived in Toronto. I commuted so I had a three-year program and so I had students that just came out of high school or I had people who were adults, who were changing their careers. So what I saw was there were many, many students in my first-year class that had trouble adjusting to skipping classes the way I did, you know, goofed around and I could have kicked them out of the program. I had that same serious talk with him. And you know what? Mostly when they graduated, many of them, they were the stars, and won all the awards, and some of the people who were excelling in their first year never graduated in 3rd year, right? So I remember the convocation at one point for after, you know, at the end of the school year and at that college and all of the professors were sitting on the stage behind and then all of the students are named and they come up and they get their diploma and also they get their awards. So we're sitting there and some of my students are coming up in a say, yes, and well, I kicked her out of my classroom. You know, I suspended him for a week because he, you know, he wasn't adjusting. So the little bit of discipline in the talks worked. The second chance seemed to be really working, so the big value that I get from audible, you, and my own experience was in life. You need to give people a second chance and apply standards. TB: Yeah, yeah. Apply standards and have a serious talk. TV: Yeah, but don't just write them off. You have to explore. You know, an opportunity. So that was one of the big, big takeaways from (the university of) Ottawa. TB: If I can just go back to the partying of the early years as one subject, I haven't gone into that, and you can feel free not to answer for whatever reason. But you know the hippie, the element of the free love movement, the pill, and everything else you know what I mean, there was a lot of alcohol and campus. You were talking about recreational judge drugs. To what extent was there, OK, a hook-up culture? TV: OK. Actually, to tell you. OK, so I've always been gay, but I was never active until much later in life and I have to say that in my group. We were not aware that there was any sexuality going on in residence or on the campus. I think we were once in a while. We heard a story about, you know, people, you know, a couple hooking up or here. But in my particular group, no, there was no, no. It was more like goofing off and all that sort of thing, but no hookups, and sexuality was not really that evident in in our group. And it was perfect for me because one of the things that is not really openly discussed in many European families, that generation right- is sexuality. So I never had a discussion with my parents about sexuality until my God, my 40s, when I went home and we had that discussion about being gay. TB: Do you think they suspected? TV: You know, of course, parents know their children. TB: They didn't wanna confirm, but they don't . . . TV: I think they were just parking, you know, park it on the side and don't deal with it and don't. . . TB: Yeah. TV: So, do you want to hear this? I don't know if you want to hear that story, but that's really not related to Ottawa. OK? TB: Well, you can tell whatever stories you want, but one of the things you mention, you were really a Francophile. TV: Yeah. TB: And the impression I got from other people I've interviewed so far, and I'm just at the beginning of the process, that anglophones and francophones, were relatively segregated in the sense that that the class work, there were English and French classes like today. And you know, there was some interaction in the dorms, there was the meeting of anglophones and francophones. TV: Absolutely. I would say that in residence there was no differentiation between francophones and anglophones. Everyone mixed, particularly if you were having lunch or dinner at the cafeteria, you never knew who you were sitting with, but it was camaraderie. And you know, you had many really interesting situations where you had anglophones who didn't speak a word of French, and you had francophones, you had some francophones who didn't speak a word of French (meant English). And to give you an example, one of the great things in residence was ordering a pizza at midnight. TB: That is so universal. TV: Yeah. So, I remember, one day I was responsible for taking the order and there was one guy in our group who was a francophone, who did not speak any English. So my friends at that point were more or less high school French with a little bit of advancement here. And I remember speaking to him and confirming with him what do you want on your pizza? TB: OK. TV: And he clearly told me that the only thing he wanted on his pizza was anchovies. And I looked at him again and I said, Are you sure? I'm Schwab, you know, like in this is what you want? So, the orders came in, and he gets his pizza, and he opens his box, and he has a fit because all it is cheese and anchovies and I said, but that's what you told me. And I asked you several times. So once in a while, like you know . . . TB: Lost in translation. TV: Yeah, yeah, yeah. The other game in residence that was a lot of fun; and the radio stations and the school came on to it, was we would phone the radio station and say this is the University of Ottawa calling, and all classes are canceled tomorrow. It's a snow day and they would broadcast it over the radio saying that all classes were canceled at the University of Ottawa, right, and it caused total chaos. So finally, the radio stations in the university got smart and I think there was a code number that the university would give the radio station to assure them that it was a valid OK, a valid thing, right? So yeah, we got away with a couple of calls about snow days. TB: You're gonna be a big star for the students. Cause a lot of things you've said are very insightful. We're dealing with society from within, and I just got to go over some stuff that I think I was good. TB: Yeah. TV: And then you can get. TB: Maybe follow up. TV: I just wanted to say a couple of things. So you know, coming to university; the University of Ottawa, of course, as you said the early 70s was a very important time in the world, of transition and just some of the events that are remembered that are related to that in Ottawa was November 1971, they were doing nuclear tests in Alaska and Chittka was the island and there was a lot of turmoil and anti-nuclear movement. And this was my first political expression, and it happened. And we organized ourselves into a demonstration and went to the American Embassy. And I remember having this sign that said bomb Washington, DC, not Chittka! So that was my, you know, first political approach tests. TV: Then, in April 72, Nixon came to Ottawa and he came from the airport. And his limousine went by the driveway just down there. So, all of us ran from the residence down to the driveway to wave as his limo went by. So, I just remember that like a friendly wave, yes, I think it was a friendly wave at that point because, you know, he was the President of the United States. And although we protested this and that Canadians are thought generation was still very much in awe. This was the Big Brother, and we were the smaller TB: OK, because when Trump and Bush came, they got a welcome too. TV: September 72, the Russia-Canada hockey game. TB: Yeah. TV: We were all glued to the television sets in residence for that particular game, and it came across in the afternoon. I think it wasn't an evening broadcast because it was live and when they won and that final goal was scored, the whole campus emptied out downtown with Canadian flags and people were running all over the place. So that was an event that I will never, never forget. TV: Then there was a 1972 the election federal election. Pierre Trudeau was reelected. But it was, I think, with a minority government at that point. So the political parties were very active on campus and recruiting and I was recruited to work for John Turner in AltaVista. Was that was sort of his writing and that's how I sort of became really involved with the Liberal Party at that point TB: door to door? TV: Yes, canvassing and knocking on doors. And you know, it was a really interesting canvassing technique for Turner. So, we as young people would go to an apartment building and knock on all the doors, saying John Turner would be in the lobby in 40 minutes. So, if you want to meet him, come downstairs in 40 minutes and you can talk to him. Then he would come down and we be at the next building, knocking on doors sort of things. So, it was really, really organized and he at that point was looked at as the JFK in waiting like the, you know, they don't of course, you know, Trudeau was the star and everything, but he was already there. But Turner was sort of looked at as the, you know, the leader in waiting. TB: Yeah, yeah. Let's see. The History Department personnel or what I would love to know more. TV: The History department, yeah. So, there were three particular professors of note that I remember from the History Department. Canadian history was what I was studying. There was Jacques Monet and I think he was a. . . TB: an oblate? TV: Yes, an oblate, leftover, and his specialty was the monarchy and the Constitution. And I could not get over that because one of the values that stayed with me from my European background was monarchy. What the heck is that? Right? And, so I've always ended very British, so I've always rejected that. So I was sitting. . . TB: Did they give you Geoffrey Elton to read? TV: Yes, all those types of history. And he became the specialist on the monarchy in Canada for royal visits, and the governor. And I think he had some sort of a book with the Governor General or something like that. And then there was a Philemon Wallet. I think he was a brother as well. I'm not sure, but his specialty was French Canadian nationalism and politics, so he was the one that really gave me an understanding of the Quiet Revolution and an understanding the October Crisis and that sort of thing. Then there was John Trent, who I think was one of the longest-reining professors at the University of Ottawa, and he was a Constitutionalist as well, so I remember taking constitutional history with him. And then there was Dave Broadfoot from Toronto, and he was the first socialist professor that I really ran into. And he wrote a book on the Depression and Canada, which is the Bible Broadfoot on Hatch. (verify) So those are the professors that I sort of . . . TB: There was some Marxism on campus, but it was more in the social sciences? TV: It's worse than I think, it must have been more in the social sciences because really, it wasn't really that evident in the history side because it was past political history, and since I didn't get any Russian history or maybe it came out of that or I didn't study European history as such. But in Canadian history, although there was socialism and Marxism in Canadian history, it really was social history more than political history. But of course, today we know it was a very significant movement now in in not only in Canada but in the United States, that has more or less been overlooked. But I think that's something that social history is really looking into. TB: If I could ask you some basic questions that I think students might be very interested in. I mean, one of the things that students need to do in their advanced courses, in their third and fourth years, you have to write a term paper. So describe to me one of the term paper assignments that one of these professors would assign to you? TB: OK. One good example and this would have been with Wallette. I believed in my studies that the Act of Confederation in 1867 was the Union, you know, of the Canadas. But in my mind, it was the separation of French and English because Quebec became its own province. Previously to 1867, Quebec was part of the Union of Upper Canada on Lower Canada, and he vehemently disagreed with that because he liked to focus on the Union, I wanted to write an essay saying that in fact, in many ways the Confederation Act of 1867 was an act of disunion as much as it was union. TB: So where did you have this debate? TV: In his office and his office in the little building with the crooked floors. And. TB: Yeah. TV: And he just would not hear of it. And then finally, somehow I guess you know he said. OK, I did so I wrote my essay. I made my point, and if I remember I got a very, you know, I got a very decent mark for it and that was the point that I've always wanted to emphasize in that particular area. TB: How long was this term paper? TV: This term paper would have been. 30 pages type double spaced. TB: How many sources? TV: Oh, come on. You know all those days, you know what in those days you go into the, you know, you go to the library says, why should, yeah. In those days, you go to the library with an index box, some recipe cards and elastic bands. TB: OK. TV: And you spend days and days leading these books and noting on these recipe cards quote page font. You know this. So at the end of your research, you've got like a box of recipe cards like this, and you have to sit down and play exact solid hair. Map it out on. You know how on heaven's name are you gonna put this together? TB: Yeah. TV: OK, that was the challenge. And then in resident support, when is the best time to do this? After midnight, when people and you know, and so you're sitting there and you're typing. TB: You went to the lounge to find a big table, which to arrange your cards? TV: Well, no. I had them on the floor on the floor of my residence. And then, of course, you know, at 1:00 o'clock in the morning you're typing because the essay is due the next day and you leave things OK? So, it's like thing your roommates sleeping real people are coming knocking on. They're just, can you please tape your bell? You know, that sort of thing. So yeah, so, that's the way we that's the way you did your essays. TB: These students are so spoiled they just do not understand. We have to go into detail. TV: Yeah. TB: Explain how a typewriter works and how TV: Underwood was the brand. TB: OK. TV: And you know what? And then the only way that you could correct the mistake was by having this liquid, a white liquid that you could put on it. TB: liquid paper! TV: Whatever it is. And, oh, but just as an aside, and that was the course of working in government was if you were writing a letter for someone’s signature, you made a mistake in the last sentence. You have to start all over again because you cannot use liquid paper for a formal document. So, in those days it was a pain in the back. Let me tell you, and then buying ribbons. TB: What about footnotes when you decide to change. . . TV: Yeah, I'm just wrong. My God, you have to. And let's put it this way. When I was doing, you know in the mid 2000s and doing my masters in social history and Toronto. What a difference. My God, you've got everything on your laptop and clean, clean, clean, clean. It's there. And now. Yeah, this paragraph and shift TB: And now you have this, this algorithm, this chat GPT. TV: Actually, you know what? I've actually tried it, and you know, and sometimes it comes up with an answer. You know, I'm new and I'm just learning about this. Yeah, or sorry, I don't give medical advice. You know, there are certain, but yeah, but umm, I think I, you know and I know that professors have a very different view of this. But the chatbot GPT you know, as long as you as the student understand what the chatbot is providing you with and you agree with it and you can source it and then identify that particular source. I wouldn't have a problem with it and I think maybe that's the compromise that, you know, scholars are gonna have to come to say that. TB: Yes, you can use artificial intelligence. TV: You can't deny it, but as long as you are able to go back beyond the well-artificial capture TB: The problem is that the professors are still in the 1970s, the students already looking to 2040 when they don't have to do any work. TV: You know you have to sort of. When again I wasn't that much of an academic professor. German college. It was more or less a, you know, communications course. And II did teach them communications history. And by the way, Mackenzie King, our first Prime Minister, was the first practitioner. Public relations in North America because who was the rich millionaire with the coal mines in the United States? TB: Dale Carnegie? TV: I think it was Carnegie or there was another one. Anyways, he went down. There were coal mine strikes and Mackenzie King went down and taught him how to treat his employees, how to negotiate the strikes, and as things such as you know, what you have to have family picnics. TB: The Harlan County War? TV: Yeah, used to have that family picnics. And you have to do this so our Prime Minister and he was like an incredible Prime Minister during the war as well. If you go back into actually studying what he did, all of the committees and organizations that he had to set up internally within his government during the IT is like totally amazing what this man did. He's identified as a Kook and all that sort of thing, consulting ghosts and everything. But the man was a genius, an organizational, administrative genius. TB: Yeah. We were promised some stories about women on campus. That was one big theme, alright? TV: This goes to orientation week, so orientation week is organized by in residence by the senior guys in the men's residence. At that point, we didn't have, you know, Coed residence. And so I was in Marshall, and I forget what the women's residence was called; Tabaret? TB: No. TV: yes, Stanton, and there were two towers. Men, women, and then the cafeteria joined on two towers underneath, right with a pool room. And that's where it was, you know, mingling. So the seniors in the men's residence organized orientation week, so there were a couple of highlights of orientation week. The first one was the panty raid. Talk about sexism. Alright, so the panty raid, so the senior guys in the men's residence, would you know, lined us all up the newbies and we would have been maybe 50. TB: Hmm. TV: I said OK, so we are now going to do a panty raid. TB: So what you need to do is you need to storm the women's dorm and you need to get into a room and steal a pair of panties and come back and you can't come back until you bring some panties back. TV: Oh my God. So, this I'm telling you, I am not exaggerating, folks. This was totally out of control. TB: Like storming the castle. TV: Oh where they project but it was totally unknown. Give control. So, in order to get into some of these dorms for the women to open at one point, I remember being in a hall where the guys got the water hose, and the fire hose out of the wall and started just blasting it at doors. Unfortunately, this one girl opened the door and the fire hose is going like right into her right into her residence room. People storm in and get their panties. At one point I remember looking at another open door and somehow somebody had taken honey or molasses and poured it all over. Somebody staring. TB: The women didn’t resist? TV: Oh well, I don't think we. I don't think we were there long. Yeah, you know, it's like grab and run. TB: So you hadn't shoplifted before? TV: Well, no. And honestly, I wish I could say that I got a pair of panties I don't remember. OK, I don't remember, but I think I think in the back of my mind, I really knew that it was wrong because I'll tell you one thing, I've always looked at myself as a feminist because even in the so I started my first employment in Parliament in 1974 full time, and at that point, when women and men had different salaries and you know, but you know what, in my entire life, I have never internally differentiated between a colleague being male or female. They've always been colleagues, so I wouldn't understand the difference in salaries. TB: So many people tell me that that they, didn't have this gender bias. TV: No. TB: But we did hear a story last night. One of the female students was talking about how when she would walk around campus they would whistle and pinch her butt. TV: Uh, that, you know, like that I that I didn't see that. I didn't see, but again, there were two types of guys. I think there's like the not saying an enlightened but sort of the oblivious to gender type of people that I associate with. But there was always the type of guy, and once in awhile you meet one of these men. Adults today, where they refer to their the wife, Umm. And so, the remember there was one guy in our group who was going out with somebody and he always said my girl never used her name or something. Then I remember one time I said, I said, does she have a name? Like, why are you always saying my girl? What is her name? Use her name for Heaven’s sakes, right? TB: What did he say? TV: He got very angry and told me to mind my own business, but I just found that, you know, or the wave, umm, uh now. So the panty raid was one thing, then let me tell you two things. You're gonna second thoughts about sharing yesterday, so we ran to the market and we got live lobsters. TB: Oh no. TV: Somehow we got into the women's dorm and went to the washroom with some of the girls were taking showers, and put the live lobsters into the shower through behind the curtain. And the screen. Can you imagine that? So yeah, I wouldn't wait. Yeah. No, that sounds like a plan. OK. TV: And I did this. I admit that I did this so 4th year when I was on the team of organizing. TB: You were studious. TV: Yeah. Well, no. Would have been. It would. Yeah, I would have been where I had to be studious. You still? I don't remember. So then we said, OK, you know what? We're gonna do with the with this new crew. So we went into the washroom toilets and we took peanut butter. We smeared it all over the seats so it looked like you know what? Then we called the guys in line them up in the Washington. Alright, who did this? This is disgusting that I walked up to the toilet seat like this. Right. You know what? It's. Can you imagine that? And the other thing in the girl's residence was putting Saran wrap underneath the toilet of seat. I've asked to be like the oldest joke. Ohh, you know they didn't notice it. Yeah. Well, of course they did, because you know sort of thing before they sat down. They would know. Ohh yes, later then just. I'm gonna give you two other little stories. One was so these people from small towns, rabble rousers. Uh. Fire. Fire was. I don't know. They were. This particular group was just like into fire, so 4:00 o'clock in the residence woman's residents, usually people come back from class, go up the elevator, go to the rooms, dump off their books, come down the elevator to go into the cafeteria. So these guys went to the second floor and stopped the elevator and I was down on the 1st floor to see what being told to. You need to stay on the 1st floor and see what happens. So there's a mob of people waiting on the 1st floor get into the elevator. The elevator comes down from the 2nd floor. The people move forward to get in. They had stuff newspaper on the floor of the elevator and set a fire. So the doors opened and the leaves are coming up from, you know, and people Ruby forward to get in the elevator. I could not believe that second fire story. They took bed sheets and they tied them together and hung them out the window on the side of the building. So the bed sheets went down four floors, then somebody went down to the bottom of the floor to the floor, where the bed sheet was, and lit it on fire. So that the bed sheets were on fire all the way up to the, you know, so, these were some absolutely unbelievable. . . I don't know where the ideas came from. I can't believe that these people weren't arrested or expelled from residence. TB: I have a question about it. It seems like the generation before the 60s generation, they did some of these stunts and there seemed to be a purpose for it, like fighting for social justice. Your generation seemed to be like animal house. TV: It was just, yeah, playing. So this is, let me tell you that is I've never seen the movie because that's not the type of movie I would ever go to see to begin with, but from what people have talked about, yeah, it was like goons. It was just absolutely out of control. TB: Craziness and I don't know, is it youth acting out their wild oats? TV: Sewing up I think. Basically, I think it had to be made. I don't think everyone shared that particular view. I have a feeling it may have been mental problem or you know, psychology TB: Were they more anglophones? TV: These well, they were anglophones from small anglophone town. The francophones were more studious, more studious. I would say well from the group that I knew and the group that I would hang out with, you know that was my choice. But no, I think that though this craziness, I think maybe it was something to do with the they're bup bringing or I can't say that it was like a value by the time other than it was insanity and maybe it was a branch of the orientation week where basically people were told to be crazy. TB: Bbut they were rebels without a cause. There was no. . . TV: Yeah, they were. Absolutely. They were. I think they were just crazy out to do. Business type of thing where you've testified very long. TB: I don't wanna tire you out, but if you have at least 5 minutes, I'd have a few more questions about the department. TV: No, no, absolutely ask me. TB: I just wanted to just double check. I just wanted to return to something you mention before about fashion. TV; Ohh great. TB: OK, great. TV: So wooden clogs TB: Klompen? TV: Yeah. So the from Europe about two years after everyone was wearing Caso was in Sweden at one point. At that point, Guy family there, everyone on campus was wearing wooden clogs. TB: You don't see them anymore, right? TV: But yes, so it wouldn't clogs bell bottom jeans and then cowboy boots and the cowboy boots were very special. They were the brown, tall boots with the square toe. Because the square toe would go into the is sterile. Disturb. TV: Alright, but So what? You would have to do what I was taught from these people, from the small town. I had to get pair of these boots to be cool, but to be really cool you buy the boots with the square toe. Then you have to soak the boots in water until they're soft. Take a hammer and then round out the square toe so it's round. So then you end up with the same cowboy boot. TV: The type of thing food, the highlight of the cafeteria food, you know? Ohh my, it turns my stomach Hawaiian pizza. Can you imagine pizza with pineapple on it? I don't know, but that was the go to invented, OK? And if you were sophisticated and you went out to a restaurant at that period, you would be ordering schedule Brionne for two. TB: OK. TV: Because you it only came for two, you would be drinking horrible sweet matuse wine. And for dessert, you would have Black Forest cake, Black Forest cake. That was like the top of it. You know, if you're going out on a date with that sort of thing, and I think I have said. Everything. TV: So you can ask me 5 the questions that you want.. TB: You're gonna be a star witness, so I wanna go a little bit more into. I just wanna go back to something that you just mentioned like the clothes you wore. So once you came to campus, you were your own person. You could choose your own clothes. Did your hair go down? Did your shave less? TV: Oh, you know what this where for one year. The rebellious year, when I didn't go to class and all that sort of thing. Yes, the hair came down to my shoulder. I was told when I went home for Christmas by all my relatives about parents that I looked like meathead on what was that program meathead? The American sitcom Edith and Archie Bunker. TB: Archie Bunker, all in the family. TV: Yeah, All in the Family. Yeah, meathead was the guy who married his daughter, right? So, the mustache I gained weight to that. I would look like meathead, so that's what I looked like. And then, yeah, the clogs, the bell bottoms and then, you know, basically sweatshirt or whatever it is. And that's how you dress. TB: So yeah, it seemed like there was a hair war like the teenagers or the the university students would wear it long and their parents would definitely comment on it. TV: It would be like the first thing when you came in the door, so that was kind of what it was. But Beatles started it right with The Beatles MOP. TB: Yeah. TV: Mop haircuts and then it became rather bohemian, I say. TB: But did the parents generation, did they view that a rejection of their culture? Or did they worry, what did this signify that you think? TV: I think parents very much understood. At one point, you know, after The Beatles became accepted that that I think what The Beatles did more than just give us great music and help people like me rebel against my parents’ culture and everything was they made my parents generation, except the shift of generations. I think with The Beatles and The Rolling Stones and the long hair and the fashion, the pair, that generation finally realized- the postwar generation-that there had been a generational shift and that they that they no longer were. TB: So you had the Beatniks before. They were making some of these hippy ideas more mainstream and acceptable. They were transitioning into. TV: I think that, I think the Beatnik culture that is there was there are two parts to that, the elitist poetry and you know, the artistic group and then the general. Public kids that adopted some of the you know. So, living in Toronto and the 666768, the Yorkville Village which is now like one of the most expensive areas of the city was where all the coffee houses were. So, we would become weekend. So, what would happen is that you would dress up like a hippie on Saturday and Sunday and go and hang out there. TB: And then go back home and transform into the regular person. TV: Yeah, you know, so I think that was it, but no. But I think The Beatles helped and The Rolling Stones helped; the Ed Sullivan show. Yeah, they helped the post war generation to accept that the transition had been made. And in particular, when Boston Symphony and some of these orchestra started playing classical versions of Beatles songs, because previous to that, that the afterward generation, this is trash, this is garbage. It isn't even music. Well, we're in Arthur Fiedler started incorporating Beatles songs into his Sunday concerts, and they started playing that on the radio. All of a sudden that generation of my parents were saying, well, really TB: What about the relationship between music and dancing? Did your parents have an issue with dancing? TV: I think dancing is every generation. I think it's accepted by every generation. You have to keep up with the changes in dancers. I don't think dancers big as with music, right? Like I think it's an accepted thing that you've got to dance the latest dance craze that's part of dancing. TB: Did they feel that rock'n'roll was connected to sexuality in some ways, like there was a joke in in Michigan that you didn't have sex standing up because it could lead to dancing, like the ministers would forget if you promote. TV: Yeah, but isn't that the whole in the United States, the whole thing about, you know, black music bleeding juristic and I don't think we have that in Canada. I don't think that because you know, like Tian, Warwick and the Motown sound and all that that, you know, I was brought up in Toronto and yeah, it's we worship that. TB: Yeah. TV: And there was not a problem with. Don't think that or with Elvis. Maybe with Elvis Presley? From what I've read, you know the hips and all that sort of thing at the very beginning. Yeah, maybe that was a big issue, but that was sort of a little bit before, before my time. TB: Did you listen to funk music during those times? TV; What did I listen to? I'm trying to what I listened to was Bob Dylan here on campus and remember having his records, Neil Young, we worshipped because he just came out with his two big albums, right TB: Harvest? TV: That was the later one. Canada's Gordon Lightfoot. But definitely which rock wise it would have been Alice to be cool, right? So, you know, I had limited music experience in Toronto. So coming here, I learned to love Alice Cooper. You know that that type of thing, but just to get back to dancing and, you know, I don't wanna the sidetrack. TB: So you're saying about, we know, did did older generations present the changes in dance music and let's put it this way. TV: And when disco came in, I was in high school. Sorry, no, I was at Glendon College at that point. And the discos were in Yorkville as well. So I remember going out with my friends to this disco in Yorkville. And so we show up at this disco. We go into this disco, we get seated and we're ready to go on the dance floor.Lo and behold, my mother and father are dancing on the dance floor. TB: Hmm. TV: Ohh my God, I said. Let's get the hell out of here. I think it was called Applebee's or Apple bums or something like that. Yeah, that's so, I don't think parents. So they want they want to be cool. TBL Just five more minutes. Walk me into Monet’s classroom. How many women are there? How many men? How many people have long hair? What is the class like? TV: OK, so I don't think there were very many women in any of my Canadian history classes that I remember, but it was everybody basically looked the same. I think everyone had long hair. TB: Mm-hmm. TV: Or longish hair and most people were wearing clogs or, you know, it was sort of like it's a thing. TB: how big were the classes? TV: There were maybe 10 people, 11 people. There were a few classes held in a different building where there may have been 20 people at the most. One of the great things about classrooms and courses that you had to take was you had to take philosophy in order to get a history degree. TB: Critical Reasoning? TV: Ohhh my gosh did that come useful in life. Ohh my Lord. Absolutely. And that's what I've always said to people is you can tell the difference between someone who's taken philosophy and is university educated in someone who is just high school educated, because when you get into a discussion with somebody who hasn't been in university, everything they talk about was from personal experience. I saw I did. I heard my friend. TB: Did you know somebody from university? TV: Its ideas OK, it's not at all based on personal experience. You take an idea from somewhere and then you incorporate it into your argument or your discussion. It's very, very rarely is it based on personal experience, but yet people who don't have that benefit of that post secondary education are very much restricted to the real physical world. What they've experienced, what they've seen, that's the limit to their discussion. TB: Did you, when you were on campus, did you go to high culture places like the Arts Center, the cinemas? TV: Yes, that would go to the to the Art Center to see all of the French singers and this little church on the corner. TB: Sacre Coeur TV: So I could OK it burned down in 1978. I think when it was still going when I was here. They had a little coffee club in the basement. All and, you know French Canadian artists had a very limited area for gigs. TB: Mm-hmm. TV: And they're, you know, and they didn't earn all that much money. So all of the famous Quebec singers would come to this levia cloche, it was called, and they would sing in the basement. So, it was like money from that generation money clairac, he said. They'll Pierre and explode, Claude debois. Robert charlebois. And you know, so, you know, all these French singers and some absolutely. TB: Yeah. TV: And the running anglophones friends know those as well or yes, because the yeah, even the notorious gang, we would go down to, we would go, we we would go to that. But I was sort of the Francophile, leading the group, right? So, even once I graduated, when I was living here in Ottawa with my anglophone friends, I was always the guy who would say, OK, you know, Salvatore Adamo, you know, Saki is coming to the CNA. We've got to go and see him. Aznavour is coming. They called is coming. We must go and see, you know, even if you never heard of him, is important to go and see, right. TB: Yeah., I mean, you're gonna be a big star here. TV: I don't really. TBL You got you got us into some really important topics, TV: But definitely, you know, if you're talking about women and sexism, it was very much evident. TV: Umm. TB: In the values that that time, unfortunately, and I don't know what and again I'm trying to think, I don't think there were very many very many. I don't think there was a single history for Canadian history professor who was a female. No, at that particular time and the students who were talking less than 10%. Yeah. TV: And I I did have the only female professor that I had during my two years here . . I I took a course in Canadian literature which you believe it. She was from Dallas, TX with a heavy Texas accent and she said alright folks, you know this time of year I'd be at the Cotton Bowl and the Sun would be shining and and you know, blah blah blah. And now let's open our books and turn to page 59. We're gonna study a poem by Al Purdy. And you know what? And then I want you to read the poem on page 9 to 5. Leonard Cohen. Yeah, it was really interesting to have an American from. I don't know what she's doing. You know how she ended up studying Canadian literature? TB: Sure. Yeah. Yeah, exactly. 95% of Canadians didn't even know who else heard he was at that point. Right? So yeah, so definitely even within faculty, there seemed to be a big lack of females and it could be the religious background at that point of the a lot of Jesus, the Jesuit tradition, classical studies at that point. But I tell you this university is fantastic. And I am so proud of it. I want, you know, I'm supporting it because it is contributing a lot and just walk along. Go to the cafeteria. Look at the young people you know. I was talking to a few of them yesterday when we were having lunch and you know there one guy was studied kinetics. I don't know, I think this is like chemistry, engineering or whatever it is, TB: It's human kinetics? TV: Yeah. So I said to him, I said, what in hell’s name do you wanna do with kinetics? And you said, well, I'm still trying to figure that one out. TB: Yeah, it's like movement at the body. TV: OK, there these electrical shocks and no, it has to do TB: Like we're kind of biomechanical wrecks cause we don't walk properly and everything else. TV: So, he could get into like sports fitness or something like that makes. TB: yeah. TV: Well, listen, I hope that I haven't. insulted anyone. Personally, I haven't mentioned names. -END INTERVIEW Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, https://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Vares, Thomas (interview) Description An account of the resource Testimonial about growing up in an Estonian family in postwar Toronto, moving to Ottawa to pursue a fascination with francophone language and culture, and the wild experiences of the first year of study as well as nurturing environment of the Department of History. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2023-11-10 Relation A related resource <iframe width="560" height="315" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/-M39RtSf81k?si=NhAqWguW1AbmYX9Z" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen="allowfullscreen"></iframe> Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP4, 1 hour, 20 minutes, 30 seconds Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource oral history Canadian History Dorms Gender Hippies Party Culture Popular Music Second-Wave Feminism Sexuality Student Life University of Ottawa Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, https://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Campus Voices 1970-1975 Description An account of the resource Collection of oral histories from witnesses to North American campuses Relation A related resource https://sites.google.com/view/lifeoncampus/campus-voices Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Gigi Kaur Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Helene Goulet Location The location of the interview Ottawa (over Teams) Transcription Any written text transcribed from a sound 0:0:11.982 --> 0:0:19.282 Gigi Kaur OK, ça marche parfait c'est bon, OK, alors je vais commencer avec Hélène Goulet. OK, it works perfectly, it's good, OK, so I'll start with Hélène Goulet. 0:0:19.292 --> 0:0:21.92 Gigi Kaur Goulet, vous allez bien? Goulet, how are you? 0:0:21.732 --> 0:0:23.72 Hélène Goulet Oui, merci vous-même. Yes, thank you yourself. 0:0:23.622 --> 0:0:24.742 Gigi Kaur Toujours. Always Always 0:0:25.92 --> 0:0:33.182 Gigi Kaur Alors aujourd'hui, on fait une petite entrevue pour mon cours d'histoire, historiens, craft pour comprendre les francophones qu'ils étaient là. So today, we're doing a little interview for my history class, historians, craft to understand the francophones they were there. 0:0:34.2 --> 0:1:4.672 Gigi Kaur Pendant les 4 vingts, les 1970 que je vais faire un petit intro, les historiens de la culture ont soutenu que la télévision, Hollywood, la musique populaire et une culture de consommation axée sur l'automobile ont créé une culture populaire nord-américaine plus intégrée au toi, une institution bilingue et nous voulons mieux comprendre comment les anglophones et les francophones étaient liés les uns ou l'autre. During the 4 twenties, the 1970s, which I'm going to give a little intro to, cultural historians argued that television, Hollywood, popular music, and a car-centric consumer culture created a North American popular culture more integrated with the bilingual institution, and we want to better understand how anglophones and francophones related to each other. 0:1:5.42 --> 0:1:14.632 Gigi Kaur La première question que je vous demanderai il y a, il y avait moyen d'appareils électronique dans la société canadienne des années 1970? The first question I'll ask you is, how many electronic devices were there in Canadian society in the 1970s? 0:1:14.962 --> 0:1:23.752 Gigi Kaur Comment ôter, structure votre temps libre est que vous faisiez les étudiants de l'université d'Ottawa pour s'amuser dans les années quatre-vingt? How to remove, structure your free time is what you were doing University of Ottawa students for fun in the eighties? 0:1:24.2 --> 0:1:26.72 Gigi Kaur 1970. 1970 0:1:26.742 --> 0:1:35.302 Hélène Goulet Ouais, d'accord, ça m'a fait un peu rire la question, parce que je me suis rendu compte que je n’étais pas peut-être pas typique complètement. Yeah, okay, I kind of laughed at the question, because I realized that maybe I wasn't completely typical. 0:1:37.282 --> 0:1:47.422 Hélène Goulet Les dans l'État libre, qui étaient assez peu nombreux finalement, parce que moi je venais d'un petit village, j'arrivais à Ottawa, je ne connaissais pas la ville. Those in the Free State, who were actually quite few in number, because I came from a small village, I'd just arrived in Ottawa, I didn't know the city. 0:1:48.812 --> 0:1:59.152 Hélène Goulet Et puis j'habitais à l'extérieur du campus aussi, chez dans la famille, dans la famille, puis j'aidais aussi dans cette famille alors euh. And I lived off-campus too, with my family, in the family, and I also helped out in the family, so um. 0:2:1.82 --> 0:2:6.882 Hélène Goulet Entre les cours, on était un petit groupe, moi je faisais un bac en littérature française et anglaise. Between classes, we were a small group, and I was doing a bac in French and English literature. 0:2:7.852 --> 0:2:20.102 Hélène Goulet Et puis je me suis liée d'amitié avec ohh 43 ou 45 personnes avec qui on se retrouvait presque tous dans les mêmes cours. And then I made friends with ohh 43 or 45 people with whom we almost all ended up in the same classes. 0:2:20.612 --> 0:2:26.882 Hélène Goulet Et puis entre les cours, on allait souvent à la cafétéria prendre un café, puis jaser. Between classes, we'd often go to the cafeteria for a coffee and a chat. 0:2:27.172 --> 0:2:29.442 Hélène Goulet Fait, il y avait beaucoup de ça qui se passaient. In fact, there was a lot going on. 0:2:31.432 --> 0:2:35.252 Hélène Goulet Et puis moi, Bin les week-ends, je travaillais. And well, I worked on weekends. 0:2:36.792 --> 0:2:38.172 Hélène Goulet Euh la première année? Uh, the first year? 0:2:39.182 --> 0:2:41.352 Hélène Goulet Ouais et weekend. Yeah and weekend. 0:2:41.392 --> 0:2:48.882 Hélène Goulet J'ai commencé à travailler, je ne me souviens pas si c'était en première année ou en 2e année université, mais je travaillais jeudi soir. I started working, I don't remember if it was my first year or my 2nd year at university, but I worked Thursday evenings. 0:2:48.892 --> 0:2:50.632 Hélène Goulet vendredi soir, samedi, toute la journée. Friday evening, Saturday, all day. 0:2:51.652 --> 0:2:55.832 Hélène Goulet Euh, fait que mes activités sociales étaient reliées. Uh, that my social activities were related. 0:2:58.152 --> 0:3:15.542 Hélène Goulet Je veux un copain la première année que je fais, que j'ai eu un moment donné des copains, des copains, c'est que ma vie sociale était plus autour d’une seule personne ou la famille avec qui J’habitais, qui était ma tante et mes cousins, c'était surtout ça. I want a boyfriend the first year that I do, that I had at some point buddies, buddies, it's that my social life was more around one person or the family that I lived with, which was my aunt and my cousins, it was mostly that. 0:3:15.582 --> 0:3:22.882 Hélène Goulet Je ne, je ne buvais pas d'alcool, je probablement parce que je ne peux pas, je ne peux pas digérer l'alcool. I don't, I don't drink alcohol, I probably don't because I can't, I can't digest alcohol. 0:3:23.782 --> 0:3:38.112 Hélène Goulet Et puis j’ai-je, j'étais très consciente qu'il y avait beaucoup de consommation de marijuana autour de moi, surtout avec des étudiants qui étaient dans les en littérature, c'était encore plus un peu plus épié, plus. And then I, I was very aware that there was a lot of marijuana use around me, especially with students who were in literature, it was even more a little more spied on, more. 0:3:39.752 --> 0:3:43.2 Hélène Goulet Mais moi, je n’ai jamais consommé, j'étais très plate. But I never used, I was very flat. 0:3:45.452 --> 0:3:53.922 Gigi Kaur Moi, moi j'ai trouvé que vous n’êtes pas plate, vous êtes très discipliné, vous à vos affaires, parce que moi je suis restée à la même personne que la semaine. I've found that you're not flat, you're very disciplined, you go about your business, because I've stayed with the same person all week. 0:3:52.532 --> 0:3:55.392 Hélène Goulet Ouais, je suis très disciplinée, c'est vrai. Yeah, I'm very disciplined, that's true. 0:3:53.932 --> 0:3:55.802 Gigi Kaur Différence, c'est que je bois un peu, mais. The difference is that I drink a little, but... 0:3:56.622 --> 0:4:5.542 Hélène Goulet Ouais, puis mes cours souvent mes cours étaient-elles le matin, j'essaierai d'avoir mes cours concentrés parce que j'habitais à l'extérieur du campus. Yeah, then my classes often my classes were them in the morning, I'll try to have my classes focused because I lived off campus. 0:4:5.552 --> 0:4:22.42 Hélène Goulet Alors quand je retournais à la maison, je retournais pour le reste de la journée, puis j'étais ma tante était monoparental, avec 3 enfants, dont le plus jeune avait 6h, alors j'étais à la maison pour recevoir l'enfant après l'école. So, when I went home, I went home for the rest of the day, then I was my aunt was a single parent, with 3 children, the youngest of whom was 6, so I was home to receive the child after school. 0:4:23.142 --> 0:4:33.712 Hélène Goulet Et puis, pour commencer à préparer le, le repas du soir pour lui aider à préparer le repas du soir fait que c'est un peu ça ma vie, c'est mes parents étaient à l'extérieur d'Ottawa, alors. And then, to start preparing the, the evening meal to help him prepare the evening meal that's kind of my life, my parents were outside Ottawa, so. 0:4:35.462 --> 0:4:44.372 Hélène Goulet Ça m'arrivait le dimanche matin, de prendre le train, puis aller passer la journée avec mes parents puis revenir le soir avec quelqu'un, mais pas toutes les semaines, pas toutes les semaines. Sometimes on Sunday mornings, I'd take the train, spend the day with my parents and then come back in the evening with someone, but not every week, not every week. 0:4:47.372 --> 0:4:51.142 Gigi Kaur Parlant des transports, est-ce que vous étiez très loin de l’école? Speaking of transportation, were you very far from the school? 0:4:51.152 --> 0:5:4.192 Gigi Kaur Ça prenait beaucoup de temps parce que je sais que aujourd hui le transport ça prend beaucoup de temps quand même, n’y a pas changé, n’y a pas grand-chose qui a changé, c'est que je voulais savoir pendant les 70 est-ce que le transport était plus vite plus long? It took a lot of time because I know that today transportation takes a lot of time anyway, it hasn't changed, there's not much that has changed, but I wanted to know during the 70's was transportation faster longer. 0:5:4.492 --> 0:5:6.252 Gigi Kaur Est-ce que c'était compliqué? Was it complicated? 0:5:6.262 --> 0:5:8.192 Gigi Kaur C'était comment votre expérience ou pas? What was your experience like? 0:5:9.842 --> 0:5:16.262 Hélène Goulet C'était un bus que je prenais très près de la maison à 3 blocs, 3 ou 4 blocs, et j'habite à Vanier. It was a bus that I took very close to home, 3 or 4 blocks away, and I live in Vanier. 0:5:17.232 --> 0:5:26.2 Hélène Goulet Et puis c'est elle te bus numéro 3 à l'époque, c'est plus la même chose maintenant, puis il m'amenait à la rue rideau et Dalhousie. And then it was the number 3 bus back then, it's not the same now, and it took me to Rideau and Dalhousie. 0:5:26.12 --> 0:5:33.12 Hélène Goulet Je crois, alors après ça, je marchais pour aller au campus, alors je marchais, ça me faisait quand même marcher un peu. I think, so after that, I'd walk to campus, so I'd walk, it still made me walk a bit. 0:5:33.52 --> 0:5:34.152 Hélène Goulet Ce qui était très bien. Which was fine. 0:5:34.622 --> 0:5:39.572 Hélène Goulet Euh que c'est un seul bus, ça ne prenait pas très longtemps parce que ce n’est pas très loin. It's only one bus, so it didn't take very long because it's not very far. 0:5:43.982 --> 0:5:44.142 Gigi Kaur Ouais. Yes 0:5:39.582 --> 0:5:47.432 Hélène Goulet Finalement, c'est peut-être 10, 12-15 minutes, je ne sais pas fait que d'après moi je pouvais me rendre si l'autobus arrivait à l'heure. In the end, it's maybe 10, 12-15 minutes, I don't know, but I think I could make it if the bus arrived on time. 0:5:47.782 --> 0:5:49.792 Hélène Goulet C'était une question de 30 minutes. It was a 30-minute question. 0:5:51.452 --> 0:5:54.382 Hélène Goulet Total, c'est 30 35 minutes avec la marche. Total: 30-35 minutes with walking. 0:5:59.792 --> 0:6:8.402 Gigi Kaur Vous avez dit que vous étiez, avec votre copain, votre famille, et cetera, mais vous avez une vie plus personnelle que sociale à UOttawa. You said you were, with your boyfriend, your family, et cetera, but you have more of a personal life than a social one in UOttawa. 0:6:8.892 --> 0:6:9.102 Hélène Goulet Ouais. Yes 0:6:8.982 --> 0:6:13.42 Gigi Kaur Est-ce que vous avez assisté à des spectacles musicaux pendant vos années d'université? Did you attend any musical performances during your university years? 0:6:13.462 --> 0:6:18.12 Hélène Goulet Oui, beaucoup, j'ai fait ça beaucoup parce qu'on a eu, on avait la boîte à chansons. Yes, a lot, I did that a lot because we had, we had the song box. 0:6:18.142 --> 0:6:21.552 Hélène Goulet Je ne sais pas si ça s'appelait comme ça, mais il y avait. I don't know if it was called that, but there it was. 0:6:21.562 --> 0:6:41.482 Hélène Goulet Il y avait plusieurs petits immeubles à l'époque gris, des petites maisons grises, comme on voit encore sur le campus, puis dans c’est un de ces immeubles-là, je ne me souviens pas lequel, il y avait un petit, une boîte à chanson au sous-sol, alors j'ai vu déjà qui sont décédés maintenant. There were several small gray buildings at the time, small gray houses, as you can still see on campus, and then in one of these buildings, I don't remember which one, there was a small, a song box in the basement, so I've already seen who's passed away now. 0:6:41.492 --> 0:6:49.342 Hélène Goulet Comme Georges Adoré, québécois qui était très connu à l'époque, Claude Léveillé, Jean-Pierre Ferland. Like Georges Adoré, a Quebecker who was very well known at the time, Claude Léveillée, Jean-Pierre Ferland. 0:6:49.752 --> 0:6:53.482 Hélène Goulet J'ai vu ces gens-là probablement tous à la boîte à chanson. I've seen these people probably all at the song box. 0:6:53.852 --> 0:6:55.972 Hélène Goulet J'ai vu Georges Moustaki I saw Georges Moustaki 0:6:56.222 --> 0:7:1.742 Hélène Goulet Ce sont des heures qui venaient d'ouvrir, puis les étudiants pouvaient y aller pour 2$ dans le balcon. These were hours that had just opened, then students could go for $2 in the balcony. 0:7:3.282 --> 0:7:5.312 Hélène Goulet Alors j'ai fait ça à quelques reprises aussi. So, I did that a few times too. 0:7:7.562 --> 0:7:17.292 Hélène Goulet J'en ai peut-être vu d'autres, mais là, ça m'échappe, mais je recherche beaucoup de la musique en français parce que Ben, j'ai, j'ai d'abord j'ai grandi dans une famille francophone. I may have seen others, but it escapes me, but I look for French music a lot because Ben, I grew up in a French-speaking family. 0:7:17.712 --> 0:7:23.572 Hélène Goulet Et puis la télé était quand même quelque chose de quand j'étais adolescente, moi je suis naze. And then TV was still something of when I was a teenager, I'm lame. 0:7:23.582 --> 0:7:24.652 Hélène Goulet 54. 54 0:7:25.422 --> 0:7:28.642 Hélène Goulet Quand j'étais adolescente, la télé, ce n’est pas très vieux encore. When I was a teenager, TV wasn't very old yet. 0:7:29.182 --> 0:7:33.542 Hélène Goulet Il y avait même la plupart des gens n’avaient même pas une télé en couleur, c'était noir et blanc. Most people didn't even have a color TV, it was all black and white. 0:7:34.112 --> 0:7:40.912 Hélène Goulet Et puis fait que j'écoutais beaucoup les émissions culturelles francophones comme jeunesse d'aujourd'hui. I also listened to a lot of French-language cultural programs like Youth Today. 0:7:40.922 --> 0:7:47.482 Hélène Goulet Bon fait que je fais que j'étais beaucoup plus axé sur la musique francophone, je connaissais les Beatles et Rolling Stones. The fact that I was much more focused on French music, I knew the Beatles and Rolling Stones. 0:7:47.492 --> 0:7:59.972 Hélène Goulet J'avais qu'ils étaient, je connaissais certaines chansons, mais euh, ce n’était pas mon gars, tu, mon gout est toujours en français, même si c'était complètement bilingue, parce que j'ai grandi dans un village. I knew that they were, I knew certain songs, but uh, it wasn't my guy, you, my taste is always in French, even if it was completely bilingual, because I grew up in a village. 0:8:1.542 --> 0:8:6.342 Hélène Goulet Complètement bilingue n'est parents, avaient magasin général, alors j'ai grandi complètement bilingue. Completely bilingual is not parents, had general store, so I grew up completely bilingual. 0:8:7.912 --> 0:8:13.692 Hélène Goulet Ouais, mais j'ai toujours travaillé fort pour conserver la langue, ouais. Yeah, but I've always worked hard to keep the language, yeah. 0:8:14.2 --> 0:8:20.472 Gigi Kaur Et parlons de la langue française est ce qu'il y avait de la difficulté à conserver la langue française à UOttawa? And speaking of the French language, was it difficult to preserve the French language at UOttawa? 0:8:20.482 --> 0:8:22.672 Gigi Kaur Ça, c'était plus Intéressant. That was more interesting. 0:8:27.482 --> 0:8:34.992 Hélène Goulet Y avait, il y avait beaucoup plus de francophones proportionnellement à l'époque, j'ai l'impression, c'était très bilingue à l'époque. There were, there were many more Francophones proportionally at the time, I have the impression, it was very bilingual at the time. 0:8:36.212 --> 0:8:42.692 Hélène Goulet Ce que j'ai remarqué parce que je suis retournée à l'université d'Ottawa à quelques reprises étudier plus tard. Which I noticed because I went back to the University of Ottawa a few times to study later. 0:8:42.972 --> 0:8:55.772 Hélène Goulet Et puis j'ai remarqué qu'il y avait eu un glissement que y a beaucoup d'étudiants étrangers qui ne parlent pas français, alors il y a eu un glissement vers l'anglais beaucoup plus. And then I noticed that there had been a shift that there are a lot of foreign students who don't speak French, so there's been a shift towards English a lot more. 0:8:56.502 --> 0:8:59.942 Hélène Goulet D'après moi, et je pense que j'ai lu là-dessus aussi là. In my opinion, and I think I've read about it there too. 0:9:0.292 --> 0:9:6.512 Hélène Goulet Mais à l'époque, on entendait parler français partout, c'est y avait beaucoup de la part des franco-ontariens. But back then, you could hear French being spoken everywhere, so there was a lot of Franco-Ontarian involvement. 0:9:7.832 --> 0:9:12.812 Hélène Goulet Euh aller à l'université d'Ottawa parce que, à l'université de Sudbury, n’existait pas là laurentienne. Uh go to the University of Ottawa because, at the University of Sudbury, didn't exist there. 0:9:12.822 --> 0:9:14.62 Hélène Goulet Je pense qu’elle n’existait pas à l'époque. I don't think it existed back then. 0:9:20.892 --> 0:9:21.302 Gigi Kaur Ah ouais? Oh Yea? 0:9:15.612 --> 0:9:26.532 Hélène Goulet Et puis on ne serait pas allé au Québec parce qu'on n'avait pas fait le cégep, alors les gens du Québec Fini en Ontario fait que y avait beaucoup de francophones. And then we wouldn't have gone to Quebec because we hadn't gone to CEGEP, so people from Quebec ended up in Ontario because there were a lot of francophones there. 0:9:27.592 --> 0:9:29.512 Gigi Kaur OK je trouve ça très intéressant. OK I find that very interesting. 0:9:26.652 --> 0:9:30.512 Hélène Goulet Ouais toute façon ouais. Yeah anyway yeah. 0:9:35.942 --> 0:9:36.402 Hélène Goulet Hum. Hum 0:9:40.22 --> 0:9:40.222 Hélène Goulet Ouais. Yes 0:9:31.592 --> 0:9:40.592 Gigi Kaur Parce que c'est tellement vrai, on a beaucoup de élèves internationaux qui vient de partout maintenant fait qu'on voit de plus en plus en anglais, c'est clair. Because it's so true, we have a lot of international students from all over the world now, so we're seeing more and more in English, that's for sure. 0:9:40.602 --> 0:9:42.692 Gigi Kaur C'est évident que je trouve ça intéressant encore. Obviously, I still find it interesting. 0:9:42.702 --> 0:9:44.42 Gigi Kaur À l'époque, c'était plus francophone. Back then, it was more francophone. 0:9:44.512 --> 0:9:44.822 Hélène Goulet Ouais. Yes 0:9:45.732 --> 0:9:53.872 Gigi Kaur Parlant de des pays, des cultures, et cetera, les 40s, les 70, toujours 80, juste pourquoi? Speaking of countries, cultures, et cetera, the 40s, the 70s, still the 80s, just why? 0:9:57.992 --> 0:9:58.442 Hélène Goulet Oui. Yes 0:9:53.882 --> 0:9:58.452 Gigi Kaur Mais les 70Y avait eu la guerre de Vietnam. But the 70Y had the Vietnam War. 0:9:58.872 --> 0:10:1.972 Gigi Kaur Alors, qu'est-ce que vous avez pensé sur la gare de l'événement? So, what did you think of the event station? 0:10:1.982 --> 0:10:5.112 Gigi Kaur Puis, est-ce que vous étiez sur les, les manifestations et cetera? Then, were you on the demonstrations and so on? 0:10:5.562 --> 0:10:9.782 Hélène Goulet Non, j'ai, j'ai, je n’ai jamais été une personne qui manifestait facilement. No, I've, I've, I've never been a person who protests easily. 0:10:9.832 --> 0:10:14.702 Hélène Goulet J'ai peut-être manifesté de nous 2 fois dans ma vie. I may have manifested from us twice in my life. 0:10:14.712 --> 0:10:23.542 Hélène Goulet Je suis, c'est je ne sais pas vraiment mon bag parce que je trouve que beaucoup de polarisation dans les manifestations. I'm, I don't really know what my bag is because I find that there's a lot of polarization in the demonstrations. 0:10:23.552 --> 0:10:27.22 Hélène Goulet Puis je j'ai tendance à voir les choses de façon beaucoup plus nuancée. Then I tend to see things in a much more nuanced way. 0:10:28.292 --> 0:10:34.642 Hélène Goulet Euh, je ne me souviens pas d'avoir eu, je suis certaine qu'on en a parlé, mais je ne m’en souviens pas vraiment. Uh, I don't remember having, I'm sure we talked about it, but I don't really remember. 0:10:34.652 --> 0:10:40.442 Hélène Goulet Je me souviens plus de ce qui est arrivé avant avec la Guerre froide, puis la crise domicile à Cuba. I can't remember what happened before with the Cold War, then the Cuban home crisis. 0:10:41.122 --> 0:10:52.892 Hélène Goulet Quand j'étais au à l'école secondaire, ça, c'est très clair dans mon esprit, la peur que la population avait à l'époque, c'était ça, c'est très palpable. When I was in high school, it's very clear in my mind, the fear that people had at the time, that was it, it's very palpable. 0:10:53.692 --> 0:10:58.2 Hélène Goulet La guerre du Vietnam je ne connaissais pas beaucoup d'Américains à l'époque non plus. I didn't know many Americans back then either. 0:10:58.12 --> 0:11:8.982 Hélène Goulet Ça fait que tu sais toute cette controverse qui avait aux États-Unis qui étaient vraiment très forte aux États-Unis, c'est comme si, en littérature, ça nous rejoint, ça ne nous rejoignait pas beaucoup. So, you know, all this controversy in the United States, which was really, really strong in the United States, it's as if, in literature, it reached us, it didn't reach us very much. 0:11:8.992 --> 0:11:11.52 Hélène Goulet Peut-être, si on avait étudié en histoire ou en. Maybe, if we had studied history or. 0:11:13.142 --> 0:11:15.262 Hélène Goulet Science politique on aurait été beaucoup plus. Political science we would have been much more. 0:11:18.132 --> 0:11:19.142 Hélène Goulet Pris là-dedans, tu sais? Caught up in it, you know? 0:11:19.152 --> 0:11:22.892 Hélène Goulet Dans ces discussions là, mais en littérature, on avait un peu la tête dans les nuages. In these discussions, but in literature, we had our heads in the clouds. 0:11:34.742 --> 0:11:36.22 Hélène Goulet Ouais. Yes 0:11:26.572 --> 0:11:40.762 Gigi Kaur Ouais c'est vrai, c'est compréhensible parce que moi je suis dans le cours de l'histoire et science politique, mais nous on est toujours mais elle est dans ces sujets là comme carrément y a la situation de Palestine et Israël fait qu'on parle toujours de ça, il Ukraine. Yeah, it's true, it's understandable because I'm in the history and political science course, but we're always but she's in these subjects there as squarely there's the situation of Palestine and Israel makes that we always talk about it, it Ukraine. 0:11:39.72 --> 0:11:49.362 Hélène Goulet Ouais Ben c'est maintenant, je suis beaucoup prise politisée maintenant dans ma vie je suis beaucoup plus qui se passe dans le monde maintenant mais à l'époque moi j'étais très jeune aussi. I'm much more aware of what's going on in the world now, but back then I was very young too. 0:11:49.372 --> 0:12:0.942 Hélène Goulet Il faut dire que je suis arrivée à l'université, j'avais, j'avais, je venais de mon petit village fait que juste adaptation à la ville, à l'université, je ne connaissais personne dans mes cours. It has to be said that when I arrived at university, I had, I had, I came from my little village, so just adapting to the city, at university, I didn't know anyone in my classes. 0:12:1.722 --> 0:12:5.82 Hélène Goulet C'était très difficile, c'est très Axios gêne. It was very difficult, it's very axios embarrassing. 0:12:6.62 --> 0:12:12.102 Hélène Goulet C'est qu'il y a eu y a eu ça parce que je devais travailler et que j'avais beaucoup de responsabilités quand même. That's because I had to work, and I had a lot of responsibility. 0:12:12.112 --> 0:12:13.782 Hélène Goulet J'étais l'aîné de ma famille. I was the eldest in my family. 0:12:14.192 --> 0:12:22.292 Hélène Goulet Et puis l'année avant que j’aie l'université, on a eu un feu, on a, on a perdu notre maison, notre magasin. And then the year before I went to university, we had a fire, we lost our house, our store. 0:12:23.452 --> 0:12:28.672 Hélène Goulet Euh, puis dans un petit village, il n’y a pas de logement, n’y a pas d'appartement. Uh, then in a small village, there's no housing, there's no apartment. 0:12:28.682 --> 0:12:33.202 Hélène Goulet C'était très difficile, alors mon sens. It was very, very difficult, then, in my opinion. 0:12:33.212 --> 0:12:38.622 Hélène Goulet Et puis j'avais des frères et des sœurs que moi j'essayais de passer à travers l'université plus vite possible. And then I had brothers and sisters that I was trying to get through college as quickly as possible. 0:12:38.632 --> 0:12:42.942 Hélène Goulet J'ai fait un cours de 4h03 ans parce que je voulais pouvoir aider à mon frère, pour ma sœur. I did a 4:03 course because I wanted to be able to help my brother, for my sister. 0:12:44.712 --> 0:12:48.192 Hélène Goulet Et puis il se fait que j'ai mon sens des responsabilités aiguë. I also happen to have a strong sense of responsibility. 0:12:49.882 --> 0:12:52.92 Hélène Goulet Probablement trop aigu pour mon âge. Probably too sharp for my age. 0:12:52.102 --> 0:12:57.482 Hélène Goulet J'avais à peine 17 ans quand je suis arrivée à l'université, j'étais très jeune. I was barely 17 when I went to university, so I was very young. 0:12:57.942 --> 0:13:3.592 Hélène Goulet Et puis je partais d'un tout petit village, puis je partais d'une école secondaire où j'étais une première de classe. And then I left a very small village, and then I left a high school where I was top of my class. 0:13:3.602 --> 0:13:5.522 Hélène Goulet Alors tu sais, tout le monde me connaissait. So, you know, everybody knew me. 0:13:6.112 --> 0:13:10.542 Hélène Goulet Euh bon c'est sûr que ça c'était un gros changement pour moi. Ouais. Well, that was a big change for me. Yeah, it was. 0:13:10.542 --> 0:13:12.122 Gigi Kaur En parlons des gros changements. Let's talk about the big changes. 0:13:12.592 --> 0:13:14.572 Gigi Kaur Je sais que y a plus que ce que je vous demande. I know there's more to it than meets the eye. 0:13:14.582 --> 0:13:24.12 Gigi Kaur C'est vraiment été personnel, ce n’est pas sur la feuille, mais tu sais, je voulais savoir comme vous avez dit la première année, c'était quand même difficile ce que vous avez fait des amis comme facilement. It's really been personal, it's not on the sheet, but you know, I wanted to know as you said the first year, it was still difficult what you did friends as easily. 0:13:24.22 --> 0:13:25.82 Gigi Kaur C'était un petit style aussi. It was a little style too. 0:13:25.772 --> 0:13:27.302 Hélène Goulet Non, je suis assez sociable. No, I'm quite sociable. 0:13:27.312 --> 0:13:35.362 Hélène Goulet Et puis je suis un peu timide mais pas outre mesure, je ne suis pas introverti, je suis plutôt extravertie. And then I'm a bit shy but not overly so, I'm not an introvert, I'm more of an extrovert. 0:13:35.372 --> 0:13:39.62 Hélène Goulet Pas exagérer non plus moins maintenant qu'à l'époque, probablement. It's no exaggeration either, probably less so now than then. 0:13:41.72 --> 0:13:57.952 Hélène Goulet Alors non, je me suis fait un petit groupe d'amis, là très solide, qui a duré pendant toutes les années d'études parce qu'on se retrouvait dans les mêmes cours tout le temps, parce qu'on se spécialisait dans la température, se fait qu'on se retrouvait dans des courses de spécialisation et où il n’y avait presque personne en fait. So no, I made a very solid little group of friends, which lasted throughout my years of study, because we ended up in the same courses all the time, because we were specializing in temperature, and we ended up in specialization courses where there was hardly anyone. 0:13:57.962 --> 0:13:58.822 Hélène Goulet 678. 678 0:13:58.832 --> 0:14:7.602 Hélène Goulet Des fois que c'est toujours le même monde, on t'a toujours avec les mêmes personnes, puis dans les cours de littérature anglaise, ça, c'était intéressant. Sometimes it's always the same world, you're always with the same people, and in English literature classes, that was interesting. 0:14:7.612 --> 0:14:14.652 Hélène Goulet Je ne me souviens pas que ma te fais des amis, euh, c'est ma mineure en anglais, elle te retient. I don't remember my making friends, uh, it's my English minor, she's holding you back. 0:14:14.662 --> 0:14:32.152 Hélène Goulet Anglais, c'était ma spécialisation mineure, ma concentration et je ne me souviens pas de m'être fait des amis durables qui ont duré dans le temps, probablement parce que j'avais un petit groupe d'amis qui étaient très solidaire, puis on était, comme presque toujours dans les mêmes courbes. English was my minor specialization, my concentration, and I don't remember making any lasting friends who lasted over time, probably because I had a small group of friends who were very supportive, and then we were, as almost always, in the same curves. 0:14:32.162 --> 0:14:35.262 Hélène Goulet Mais cours d'anglais était souvent très tôt le matin aussi. But English classes were often very early in the morning too. 0:14:35.812 --> 0:14:38.362 Hélène Goulet Alors je ne sais pas, je ne peux pas l'expliquer. So, I don't know, I can't explain it. 0:14:38.772 --> 0:14:54.632 Hélène Goulet Les cours de sociologie, psychologie en première année, c'était des immenses cours avec des centaines d'étudiants, alors ce n’était pas vraiment propice à non plus à enfin avoir des relations plus proches avec les gens. First-year sociology and psychology courses were huge classes with hundreds of students, so it wasn't exactly conducive to finally getting to know people. 0:14:55.92 --> 0:14:55.742 Hélène Goulet Ça fait quoi? How does it feel? 0:14:55.752 --> 0:15:0.792 Hélène Goulet On, c'est comme en fait ce petit groupe là, puis on fait beaucoup de choses ensemble. We're like this little group, and we do a lot of things together. 0:15:2.82 --> 0:15:3.802 Gigi Kaur OKOK parfait. OK Perfect 0:15:8.732 --> 0:15:9.482 Hélène Goulet Non, ça va. No, I'm fine. 0:15:4.982 --> 0:15:32.42 Gigi Kaur Je vais faire un changement de sujet si ça ne vous dérange pas la prochaine question, ce sera les historiens de la culture ont beaucoup écrit sur ce qu'ils ont appelé le féminisme de la 2e vague, à savoir que dans le cadre du mouvement de là de la contre-culture, les femmes de du début des années 1970, on cherchait à briser les barrières entre les sexes. I'm going to change the subject if you don't mind, the next question will be Cultural historians have written a lot about what they've called 2nd wave feminism, namely that as part of the counter-culture movement, women in the early 1970s were looking to break down barriers between the sexes. 0:15:32.822 --> 0:15:41.42 Gigi Kaur Cet argument raisonné-t-il avec votre expérience sur le campus de l'université d'Ottawa au début des années 1970? Does this argument square with your experience on the University of Ottawa campus in the early 1970s? 0:15:42.52 --> 0:15:47.502 Hélène Goulet Oui, donc je dirais que oui, je surtout Ben moi. Yes, so I'd say yes, especially Ben me. 0:15:47.512 --> 0:15:56.192 Hélène Goulet Personnellement, je suis devenu extrêmement féministe à ce moment-là, au point où j'en ai été désagréable parfois certaine. Personally, I became extremely feminist at that time, to the point where I was sometimes unpleasant about it. 0:15:57.732 --> 0:16:8.452 Hélène Goulet Hop, tu commences beaucoup à remarquer, Tu sais, dans ma famille, avec chez ma tante, mes cousins qui ne faisaient pas la vaisselle, tu sais, ma cousine qui faisait la vaisselle n'est pas mes cousins. Hop, you're starting to notice a lot, you know, in my family, with my aunt, my cousins who didn't do the dishes, you know, my cousin who did the dishes isn't my cousins. 0:16:8.462 --> 0:16:18.102 Hélène Goulet Tu sais des choses comme ça, je devenue assez, on dirait strident en anglais par rapport à ça. You know things like that, I've become quite, you'd say strident in English about it. 0:16:18.202 --> 0:16:21.12 Hélène Goulet Puis dans mon petit groupe d'amis, il y avait des femmes. Then in my little group of friends, there were women. 0:16:23.752 --> 0:16:25.782 Hélène Goulet Des femmes très féministes aussi. Very feminist women too. 0:16:26.332 --> 0:16:29.342 Hélène Goulet Et puis on a eu beaucoup de conversations. And then we had a lot of conversations. 0:16:29.352 --> 0:16:37.412 Hélène Goulet Je me souviens au sujet de tu sais, la contraception, le rôle des femmes, l'avortement. I remember about you know, contraception, the role of women, abortion. 0:16:37.422 --> 0:16:45.652 Hélène Goulet Si je me souviens qu'on a eu beaucoup de ces conversations-là dans le petit groupe, il y avait, il y avait un homme dans le petit groupe, puis y avait 3 ou 4 femmes. If I remember we had a lot of these conversations in the small group, there was, there was one man in the small group, and then there were 3 or 4 women. 0:16:47.422 --> 0:16:59.452 Hélène Goulet Puis c'est intéressant parce que cet homme-là, je l'ai retrouvé il n’y a pas longtemps parce qu’il est prof, Fredericton à l'université Fredericton, prof de français. And it's interesting because I found this man not long ago because he's a teacher, Fredericton at Fredericton university, a French teacher. 0:17:0.442 --> 0:17:11.912 Hélène Goulet Et puis devenu auteur aussi, puis j'ai lu un texte qu'il avait écrit de fiction, c'est comme ça que je l'ai retrouvé, puis je lui ai, je l'ai, je lui ai écrit à l'université. And then I became an author too, and then I read a piece of fiction he'd written, and that's how I found it, and then I, I, I wrote to him at university. 0:17:11.952 --> 0:17:16.712 Hélène Goulet Frédéric fait que 50 ans plus tard, j'ai retrouvé quelqu'un. Frédéric means that 50 years later, I've found someone again. 0:17:16.722 --> 0:17:24.12 Hélène Goulet C'est le seul que j'ai retrouvé, il y en avait une autre personne qui était végétarienne à l'époque, puis elle aussi elle s'était retrouvée. He's the only one I've found, there was another person who was a vegetarian at the time, then she too had found herself. 0:17:24.22 --> 0:17:27.582 Hélène Goulet Mais finalement, on n'a pas réussi à maintenir une relation. But in the end, we couldn't maintain a relationship. 0:17:29.862 --> 0:17:34.662 Hélène Goulet Mais oui, il y avait beaucoup de conversations, puis on y trouve beaucoup. But yes, there was a lot of conversation, and then there's a lot. 0:17:34.672 --> 0:17:35.812 Hélène Goulet Tu sais, le 2e cercle? You know, the 2nd circle? 0:17:35.822 --> 0:17:42.842 Hélène Goulet Semaine de Beauvoir, oui, il y avait une conscience féministe qui se développait dans la société. Semaine de Beauvoir, yes, there was a feminist consciousness developing in society. 0:17:42.972 --> 0:17:44.282 Hélène Goulet Ouais très fort. Yeah, very strong. 0:17:45.912 --> 0:17:53.122 Gigi Kaur Je note une question suivie, à part ça, vous trouvez qu’il y avait beaucoup de femmes qui étaient plus féministes où c'était? I note a follow-up question, apart from that, do you find that there were many women who were more feminist where that was? 0:17:53.172 --> 0:17:55.472 Gigi Kaur C'était certaines catégories des femmes. They were certain categories of women. 0:17:55.952 --> 0:18:4.522 Hélène Goulet Ben je, je pense que le fait que ces femmes-là étaient d'abord à l'université, c'était déjà un peu exceptionnel. Well, I think the fact that these women were at university in the first place was already a bit exceptional. 0:18:4.532 --> 0:18:12.742 Hélène Goulet Dans le sens c'est vrai qu'il y avait beaucoup de plus en plus de femmes à l'université à l'époque, mais pour quelqu'un comme moi qui venait d'un petit village, c'était un exploit. It's true that more and more women were going to university at the time, but for someone like me from a small village, it was quite a feat. 0:18:13.802 --> 0:18:16.972 Hélène Goulet On n’avait pas d'autres filles dans mon village qui était à l'université. We didn't have any other girls in my village who were at university. 0:18:16.982 --> 0:18:20.912 Hélène Goulet C'était la seule, il y avait eu un garçon avant moi. She was the only one; there had been a boy before me. 0:18:23.122 --> 0:18:35.702 Hélène Goulet Et puis alors ça en soit c'était un signe qu'on avait une certaine ambition d'être autre chose que des femmes au foyer ou des mères de famille, et qu'on avait des ambitions plus grandes. And so that in itself was a sign that we had a certain ambition to be something other than housewives or mothers, and that we had greater ambitions. 0:18:35.712 --> 0:18:46.972 Hélène Goulet C'est plus de de plus d'indépendance dans nos vies et que je pense que la plupart de ces femmes-là, qui étaient l'université probablement, avait un peu la même chose. It's more independence in our lives and I think most of these women, who were probably in university, had a bit of the same thing. 0:18:46.982 --> 0:18:49.542 Hélène Goulet Tu sais, ils n'étaient pas là pour se trouver un mari, pour avoir des bébés. You know, they weren't there to find husbands or have babies. 0:18:50.402 --> 0:18:51.472 Hélène Goulet Ça coûtait cher. It was expensive. 0:18:51.942 --> 0:18:59.502 Hélène Goulet Et puis on travaillait fort, alors tu sais, je pense que le les gens qui étaient là, euh. And then we worked hard, so you know, I think the people who were there, uh. 0:18:59.672 --> 0:19:4.212 Hélène Goulet En général, les femmes qui étaient là devaient être un peu féministe sinon. In general, the women who were there must have been a bit feminist otherwise. 0:19:6.342 --> 0:19:9.322 Hélène Goulet Ce ne serait pas les ongles que ça serait chercher à Marie, tu sais? It wouldn't be the nails that would be looking for Marie, you know? 0:19:11.382 --> 0:19:25.742 Hélène Goulet Les femmes qui ne sont pas liées à l'université, là je ne peux pas vous dire parce que ce n’est pas mon cercle d'amis, mais il y en a beaucoup comme avec des filles avec qui moi je suis allé à l'école secondaire, ce n’était pas des féministes, celles qui se sont mariés en sortant de l'école secondaire. I can't tell you about women who aren't related to university because they're not my circle of friends, but there are a lot of them, like the girls I went to high school with, who weren't feminists, the ones who got married right out of high school. 0:19:26.892 --> 0:19:30.212 Hélène Goulet Euh elles n’étaient pas féminines? Uh, weren't they feminine? 0:19:30.222 --> 0:19:37.672 Hélène Goulet Se sont mariés, ont commencé à avoir des enfants, demeurent à la maison, c'étaient des femmes dans des rôles traditionnels, la plupart aussi. Got married, started having children, stayed at home, were women in traditional roles, most of them too. 0:19:37.682 --> 0:19:53.472 Hélène Goulet Elles travaillaient, c'était dans des postes non professionnels parce qu'elles avaient un diplôme d'études secondaires seulement, mais moi, j'ai perdu contact avec ces gens-là, quoi que à l'époque, c'était mes amis, puis je j'ai joué de l'orgue à toute leur mariage. They worked in non-professional jobs because they only had a high school diploma, but I lost touch with these people, even though they were my friends at the time, and I played the organ at all their weddings. 0:19:53.892 --> 0:20:6.842 Hélène Goulet C'est moi qui c'est moi qui a joué la musique à tout le mariage, mais je me souviens de de jouer pour le mariage puis de penser merci mon Dieu, ce n’est pas moi. I'm the one who played the music at the wedding, but I remember playing for the wedding and then thinking thank God it wasn't me. 0:20:8.92 --> 0:20:10.32 Hélène Goulet Merci mon Dieu que ce n’est pas moi. Thank God it's not me. 0:20:12.162 --> 0:20:17.762 Hélène Goulet Parce que au bout de la première année, j'ai quitté le copain que j'avais que j'avais eu pendant mon école secondaire. Because after the first year, I left the boyfriend I'd had in high school. 0:20:17.772 --> 0:20:22.362 Hélène Goulet Je l'ai quitté au bout d'un an, puis là, Ben ma vie a changé complètement, c'est ça? I left him after a year, and then Ben completely changed my life, didn't he? 0:20:22.922 --> 0:20:34.412 Gigi Kaur OK, parlons des relations intimes, je sais que vous allez droit de départ répondre, mais après l'université, est ce que vous avez vous trouvé dans un rôle quand même? OK, let's talk about intimate relationships, I know you're going to start answering, but after university, did you find yourself in a role anyway? 0:20:34.422 --> 0:20:40.142 Gigi Kaur Traductionnel d'avoir des enfants la famille, vous avez fait je vraiment focusser sur mon courriel et tout. Translation of having kids the family, you made me really focus on my email and everything. 0:20:40.822 --> 0:21:3.152 Hélène Goulet Bah j'ai je me suis mariée à 20 6h et j'ai eu mon premier enfant à 30 ans et puis je avant 20 6h J'ai fini l'université, j'avais 21 ans, j'ai commencé à travailler enseigner à l'école secondaire à 21 ans, qui était très jeune. Well, I got married at 20 6 and had my first child at 30 and then I finished university, I was 21, I started working as a high school teacher at 21, which was very young. 0:21:5.452 --> 0:21:21.602 Hélène Goulet Parce que j'ai fondamentalement fait 5 ans d'études en 4h parce qu'en étudiant l'été aussi, j'ai comprimer mes 5 années d'études en 4 ans, que j'ai commencé à enseigner à 21 ans à l'école secondaire, que j'étais vraiment dans la vraie vie. Because I basically did 5 years of study in 4 hours, because by studying in the summer too, I compressed my 5 years of study into 4 years, that I started teaching at 21 in high school, that I was really in the real world. 0:21:21.612 --> 0:21:22.972 Hélène Goulet Là, c'est vraiment. This is the real thing. 0:21:25.182 --> 0:21:29.732 Hélène Goulet Projeter dans la vraie vie puis c'est dans une ville nouvelle ville aussi. Project in real life then it's in a new city too. 0:21:30.62 --> 0:21:35.252 Hélène Goulet Euh alors ça, ça m'a, je suis vraiment devenue une adulte. Well, that really made me an adult. 0:21:35.262 --> 0:21:39.422 Hélène Goulet Là tu sais, j'ai été 5 ans J’habitais seule pendant 5h avant de me marier. You know, I lived alone for 5 years before getting married. 0:21:40.632 --> 0:21:47.452 Hélène Goulet Je n’habitais pas dans la même ville que mon copain que j'ai rencontré à 21 ans, euh. I didn't live in the same town as my boyfriend who I met when I was 21. 0:21:49.402 --> 0:21:54.122 Hélène Goulet On n’habitait pas dans la même ville que j'ai eu une vie quand même très indépendante pendant 5 ans. We didn't live in the same town, and I had a very independent life for 5 years. 0:21:55.42 --> 0:22:3.72 Hélène Goulet Ensuite, après que je me suis mariée, je suis, j'ai travaillé encore 2 ans, puis tu retournes à l'école. Then, after I got married, I worked for another 2 years, and then you go back to school. 0:22:3.332 --> 0:22:7.742 Hélène Goulet J'avais commencé mon MBE à temps partiel pendant que je travaillais, puis j'ai travaillé. I had started my MBE part-time while I was working, and then I went to work. 0:22:10.222 --> 0:22:16.782 Hélène Goulet Bon 5h avant de me marier, puis je n’ai jamais arrêté de travailler, fait que j'ai, j'ai toujours travaillé. Well, 5 hours before I got married, and then I never stopped working, because I've always worked. 0:22:16.792 --> 0:22:18.102 Hélène Goulet Sauf que je suis retourné à l'école. Except I went back to school. 0:22:19.672 --> 0:22:23.172 Hélène Goulet Alors, 28 ans, 20 9h. So, 28 years, 20 9h. 0:22:24.442 --> 0:22:27.232 Hélène Goulet J'ai travaillé 2 ans après que j'ai été mariée. I worked 2 years after I was married. 0:22:27.642 --> 0:22:29.502 Hélène Goulet Ensuite, je suis retournée faire mon droit. Then I went back to law school. 0:22:31.582 --> 0:22:38.732 Hélène Goulet Mais j'avais commencé mon MBE pendant que je travaillais, donc 21 et 26. But I had started my MBE while I was working, so 21 and 26. 0:22:39.112 --> 0:22:42.642 Hélène Goulet Le temps partiel et puis j'ai terminé, j'ai fait les 2 en même temps. Part-time and then I finished, I did the 2 at the same time. 0:22:42.652 --> 0:22:47.392 Hélène Goulet J'ai terminé en même temps les 2, le MB à et le diplôme de droit Commonwealth. I completed both the MB at and the Commonwealth Law Diploma at the same time. 0:22:48.182 --> 0:22:55.132 Hélène Goulet Euh, puis là j'étais enceinte en 2e année de droit, qui est enceinte? Uh, I was pregnant in my 2nd year of law school, who's pregnant? 0:22:55.222 --> 0:22:55.982 Hélène Goulet Pas dans mon barreau. Not in my bar association. 0:22:57.972 --> 0:23:9.682 Hélène Goulet Et puis les 2 derniers, j'ai eu 4 enfants, puis les 2 derniers, j'étais, j'étais employé au gouvernement fédéral quand j'ai eu les 2 derniers enfants que j'en ai eu 4 en moins de 6h. And then the last 2, I had 4 children, then the last 2, I was, I was employed by the federal government when I had the last 2 children that I had 4 in less than 6 hours. 0:23:11.572 --> 0:23:13.282 Hélène Goulet Mais je n’ai jamais arrêté de travailler. But I never stopped working. 0:23:13.322 --> 0:23:15.732 Hélène Goulet Ce soit à l'école ou au travail ou l'autre? Either at school or at work or the other? 0:23:15.742 --> 0:23:20.182 Hélène Goulet J'ai, je n’ai jamais été femme au foyer, tu sais, je suis restée à la maison 4 mois après chaque bébé. I've, I've never been a housewife, you know, I stayed at home 4 months after each baby. 0:23:21.822 --> 0:23:23.352 Hélène Goulet 5 mois après le dernier. 5 months after the last one. 0:23:24.502 --> 0:23:28.582 Hélène Goulet Mais autrement, j'ai toujours été dans le pain principal dans ma famille, à partir de. But otherwise, I've always been into the main bread in my family, from. 0:23:31.452 --> 0:23:40.812 Hélène Goulet À partir du moment où je suis allée travailler au ministère de la Justice, j'ai été le gagne-pain principal dans ma famille, toute ma vie, toute ma vie. Hey. From the moment I went to work for the Justice Department, I've been the main breadwinner in my family, all my life, all my life. Hey. 0:23:39.792 --> 0:23:41.832 Gigi Kaur OK je trouve ça très fascinant. OK I find that very fascinating. 0:23:43.262 --> 0:23:47.322 Hélène Goulet Ouais, c'est vrai que j'ai combiné les 2, ça a été très difficile par moment hein? Yeah, it's true that I've combined the 2, it's been very difficult at times, hasn't it? 0:23:48.922 --> 0:23:52.512 Hélène Goulet Très difficile par moment, mais j'ai aucun regret par rapport à ça. Very difficult at times, but I have no regrets about that. 0:23:53.312 --> 0:23:55.52 Gigi Kaur Tant que vous êtes content, c'est ça qui compte. As long as you're happy, that's what counts. 0:23:55.502 --> 0:24:2.352 Hélène Goulet Voilà, c'est ça, mais j'ai quitté mon conjoint au bout de 30 ans, puis là, j'ai toute une nouvelle vie depuis 13 ans, ça fait que. That's it, but I left my partner after 30 years, and now I've had a whole new life for 13 years. 0:24:3.752 --> 0:24:5.692 Gigi Kaur Et alors? So what? 0:24:5.702 --> 0:24:19.162 Gigi Kaur J'ai une dernière question suivie, à part de cette sujette dans les années 1970, il y avait-il des programmes, des départements ou des clubs de l'université d'Ottawa ou les femmes étaient moins présentes ou moins acceptées? I have one last follow-up question: aside from this topic in the 1970s, were there any programs, departments, or clubs at the University of Ottawa where women were less present or less accepted? 0:24:19.762 --> 0:24:24.402 Hélène Goulet Oui, je pense que à génie en particulier, il y avait beaucoup de. Yes, I think in engineering in particular, there were a lot of. 0:24:26.232 --> 0:24:36.442 Hélène Goulet Euh, prêt, j'ai des stéréotypes de stéréotypes par rapport aux femmes dans des en sciences ou en mathématiques, ou en génie ou pas. Uh, ready, I have stereotypes about women in science or math, or engineering or not. 0:24:36.532 --> 0:24:38.432 Hélène Goulet Probablement même en médecine. Probably even in medicine. 0:24:38.442 --> 0:24:45.842 Hélène Goulet Mais ça, je suis moins au courant, mais on entendait souvent parler de des problèmes que les femmes avaient dans certaines facultés. I don't know about that, but we often heard about the problems women had in certain faculties. 0:24:46.172 --> 0:24:57.682 Hélène Goulet En droit, il y avait beaucoup de femmes quand quand, moi je suis retournée faire mon droit en 1982, il y avait beaucoup de femmes, ça fait qu’il n’y avait pas ces préjugés-là. In law, there were a lot of women when I went back to law school in 1982, there were a lot of women, so there wasn't that prejudice. 0:24:57.722 --> 0:25:0.692 Hélène Goulet Autant, en tout cas pas que moi j'ai pu voir. At least not as many as I've seen. 0:25:1.182 --> 0:25:8.672 Hélène Goulet Euh, moi j'étais plus âgée aussi que la plupart des étudiants en droit parce que j'étais presque une autre génération. J'avais. Uh, I was older than most law students, too, because I was almost a different generation. I was. 0:25:10.412 --> 0:25:12.332 Hélène Goulet Grâce à dieu, je peux passer mon droit. Thanks to God, I can pass my law exam. 0:25:12.342 --> 0:25:29.802 Hélène Goulet J'avais 20, 9h20, 9h alors que la plupart des étudiants en droit avaient 22 parce qu'il fait un bac, il venait de tenir leur premier bac où il y avait fait juste 2 ans d'un bac, alors que moi j'avais, je vais déjà l'équivalent de 5 années de d'études universitaires. I was 20, 9h20, 9h whereas most law students were 22 because they'd just had their first baccalaureate where they'd done just 2 years of a baccalaureate, whereas I'd already had the equivalent of 5 years of university studies. 0:25:29.802 --> 0:25:30.902 Hélène Goulet J'avais l'équivalent de. I had the equivalent of. 0:25:32.702 --> 0:25:39.432 Hélène Goulet SATA dans le monde du travail fait que c'était une ça que j'étais comme une autre génération. SATA in the world of work meant that I was like another generation. 0:25:39.742 --> 0:25:43.172 Hélène Goulet Puis j'ai commencé à avoir mes enfants pendant cette période. Then I started having my children during this period. 0:25:43.182 --> 0:25:48.152 Hélène Goulet Là aussi que j'étais vraiment encore là, tu sais, la vie sociale, pour moi, elle n'existait pas. I was still really there, you know, social life didn't exist for me. 0:25:48.162 --> 0:25:53.372 Hélène Goulet Tu sais, c'était les l'école, je retournais à étudier chez nous, j'allais à la bibliothèque. You know, it was back to school, back to studying at home, back to the library. 0:25:53.382 --> 0:25:57.982 Hélène Goulet Il fallait que je trouve quelque chose, puis sociale existe pas. I had to find something, then society doesn't exist. 0:25:58.572 --> 0:26:0.222 Hélène Goulet Tu sais, c'était vraiment ouais. You know, it was really yeah. 0:26:1.32 --> 0:26:2.862 Hélène Goulet Voilà la famille, la famille, ouais. That's family, family, yeah. 0:26:4.132 --> 0:26:16.642 Gigi Kaur Parlons que vous étiez en droit après un certain âge, avec des, des jeunes femmes, ce que vous avez fait des connexions, des relations avec eux, ce qu'ils ont envoyé, comme la grande sœur. Let's talk about you were in law after a certain age, with des, young women, what you did connections, relationships with them, what they sent, like big sister. 0:26:17.492 --> 0:26:28.332 Hélène Goulet Non, j'ai, je me suis fait quelques très bonnes amies, des hommes aussi d'ailleurs, y avait beaucoup de gens qui venaient du Nord de l'Ontario qui faisaient leur droit français à l'université d'Ottawa. No, I made some very good friends, men too, in fact, there were a lot of people from Northern Ontario who were studying French law at the University of Ottawa. 0:26:28.702 --> 0:26:38.572 Hélène Goulet Euh, je suis devenue très amie avec une jeune femme qui qui avait 7 ans de moins que moi et qui, devenu juge, elle vient juste de prendre sa retraite. Uh, I've become very good friends with a young woman who was 7 years younger than me and who, having become a judge, has just retired. 0:26:38.582 --> 0:26:43.892 Hélène Goulet Le livre revue après plusieurs années, je l'ai revu en décembre dernier. The book was reviewed after several years, I saw it again last December. 0:26:43.902 --> 0:26:45.342 Hélène Goulet On aurait connecté. We would have connected. 0:26:47.532 --> 0:26:48.842 Hélène Goulet Et puis, qui dort? And then, who sleeps? 0:26:48.852 --> 0:26:55.192 Hélène Goulet Il y a une autre personne que j'ai avec qui j'ai gardé contact aussi, euh. There's another person I've kept in touch with too, um. 0:26:55.402 --> 0:26:57.112 Hélène Goulet Jusqu'à maintenant, on se voit encore. So far, we're still seeing each other. 0:26:58.652 --> 0:27:5.502 Hélène Goulet Les autres, je les ai revus à l'occasion dans des événements et tout, mais ma vie a été quand même très occupée. The others I saw occasionally at events and so on, but my life was still very busy. 0:27:5.522 --> 0:27:8.512 Hélène Goulet Puis, avec le temps, évidemment, j'ai développé d'autres intérêts. Then, over time, of course, I developed other interests. 0:27:8.942 --> 0:27:18.322 Hélène Goulet J'ai rencontré d'autres personnes, j'ai un autre cercle d'amis maintenant parce que ça fait tellement d'années que je ne travaille pas comme avocate, que j'ai un peu perdu ce groupe. I've met other people, I have another circle of friends now because it's been so many years since I worked as a lawyer, that I've kind of lost that group. 0:27:18.332 --> 0:27:20.152 Hélène Goulet Là tu sais ouais. Now you know. 0:27:19.342 --> 0:27:24.342 Gigi Kaur Et oui, j'ai vu votre biographie, c'est, je trouve ça très intéressant. And yes, I've seen your biography, it's, I find it very interesting. 0:27:24.732 --> 0:27:24.992 Gigi Kaur Vous avez travaillé pour sa santé Canada, allez travailler pour le doigt, vous allez travailler comme n'importe où. You've worked for his health Canada, go to work for the finger, you'll work like anywhere else. 0:27:37.262 --> 0:27:37.912 Hélène Goulet Oui, c'est ça. Yes, that's it. 0:27:31.342 --> 0:27:40.722 Gigi Kaur Ça, ça se montre que vous êtes très flexible à travailler partout, mais vous avez plusieurs intérêts, fait que vous n’êtes pas quelqu'un qui qui aime rester sur une place, je pense. This shows that you're very flexible to work anywhere, but you have many interests, so you're not someone who likes to stay in one place, I think. 0:27:40.292 --> 0:27:41.372 Hélène Goulet Non pas du tout. Not at all. 0:27:41.382 --> 0:27:47.582 Hélène Goulet Puis j'ai, je suis un, je suis un, vraiment quelqu'un qui, Life long, learner tout. Then I, I'm a, I'm a, really someone who, Life long, learner everything. 0:27:47.622 --> 0:27:56.432 Hélène Goulet J'ai continué à étudier, je suis retournée à l'université en 2015, j'ai fait un diplôme en théologie contemplative. I continued to study, I went back to university in 2015, I did a degree in contemplative theology. 0:27:56.942 --> 0:28:8.62 Hélène Goulet Ma vie a vraiment, il y a eu un.de bascule causée par plusieurs traumatismes qui sont arrivés en même temps. My life has really, there was a tipping point caused by several traumas that happened at the same time. 0:28:8.872 --> 0:28:11.622 Hélène Goulet Et puis effet que ma vie a complètement basculé. And then my life completely turned upside down. 0:28:11.972 --> 0:28:16.302 Hélène Goulet Et puis je me suis rebâtie et je me suis complètement rebâtie. And then I rebuilt myself and rebuilt myself completely. 0:28:16.312 --> 0:28:17.22 Hélène Goulet Une vie. One life. 0:28:17.572 --> 0:28:21.82 Hélène Goulet Puis maintenant, je suis très impliquée comme bénévole. And now I'm very, very, very involved as a volunteer. 0:28:23.402 --> 0:28:38.132 Hélène Goulet Mais j'utilise toutes mes compétences de de gestion, d'administration, de police et de toutes les compétences que j'ai acquises dans le monde du travail me servent maintenant dans mon bénévolat. But I'm using all my management, administrative and police skills, and all the skills I've acquired in the working world, to help me in my voluntary work. 0:28:38.142 --> 0:28:42.372 Hélène Goulet Tu sais peut-être, à une échelle moins grande, mais quand même? Euh. You know, maybe on a smaller scale, but still? Uh-huh. 0:28:42.832 --> 0:28:45.292 Hélène Goulet Alors c'est ça, ma vie est complètement différente. So that's it, my life is completely different. 0:28:45.302 --> 0:28:50.642 Hélène Goulet Puis depuis ma j'ai pris ma retraite en 2012. Then I retired en 2012. 0:28:53.542 --> 0:28:59.862 Hélène Goulet Même juste ma santé, juste m'occuper de ma santé, c'est quelque chose qui est pour moi, qui a été relativement nouveau. Even just my health, just looking after my health, that's something that's relatively new to me. 0:28:59.872 --> 0:29:2.962 Hélène Goulet Tu sais, mais maintenant je suis comme très disciplinée. You know, but now I’m very disciplined. 0:29:2.972 --> 0:29:4.912 Hélène Goulet C'est toujours été très disciplinée. She's always been very disciplined. 0:29:4.922 --> 0:29:7.742 Hélène Goulet J'ai toujours cru à short. I've always believed in short. 0:29:8.322 --> 0:29:11.962 Hélène Goulet Pain for long-term Game, c'est ça toujours été ma philosophie de vie. Pain for long-term Game has always been my philosophy. 0:29:11.972 --> 0:29:14.712 Hélène Goulet Ben, mes parents étaient comme ça, tu sais, c'est. Well, my parents were like that, you know, that's it. 0:29:14.722 --> 0:29:17.432 Hélène Goulet J'ai grandi comme ça, j'ai grandi comme ça. I grew up like that, I grew up like that. 0:29:17.442 --> 0:29:18.962 Hélène Goulet Mes parents travaillaient très fort. My parents worked very hard. 0:29:20.932 --> 0:29:25.262 Hélène Goulet Puis on a eu des, des chocs dans la famille, fait que je n’étais pas. Then we had some, some shocks in the family, which meant that I was not. 0:29:25.552 --> 0:29:26.852 Hélène Goulet Je n’étais pas une enfant gâtée. I wasn't a spoiled brat. 0:29:26.862 --> 0:29:31.292 Hélène Goulet Là, ça, l'aîné de ma famille aussi, alors je ne sais pas gâter. Here, this, the eldest in my family too, so I don't know if I'm spoiled. 0:29:31.302 --> 0:29:35.452 Hélène Goulet J'étais très, très responsable, trop responsable, trop responsable. I was very, very responsible, too responsible, too responsible. 0:29:35.692 --> 0:29:38.272 Hélène Goulet C'est encore vrai, d'ailleurs moins pire qu'avant. It's still true, and not as bad as before. 0:29:43.352 --> 0:29:46.822 Gigi Kaur Parce que je suis toujours dans la même situation aussi, mais ce n’est pas l'entrevue de moi. Because I'm always in the same situation too, but it's not my interview. 0:29:46.832 --> 0:29:50.32 Gigi Kaur Je voulais juste vous comprendre à vous, comment vous vous avez grandi. I just wanted to understand you, how you grew up. 0:29:49.92 --> 0:29:52.342 Hélène Goulet Est-ce que vous êtes une, est-ce que tu es une année de famille aussi? Are you one, are you a family year too? 0:29:53.42 --> 0:29:55.792 Gigi Kaur L'aîné, oui, j'avais une famille comme difficile. The eldest, yes, I had a difficult family. 0:29:55.802 --> 0:30:0.642 Gigi Kaur Ma mère est monoparentale, mon père était quelque chose, quelqu'un d'intéressant. My mother is a single parent, my father was something, someone interesting. 0:30:1.292 --> 0:30:13.732 Gigi Kaur Quand je dis intéressant, ce n’est pas un bon truc, j'ai une sœur quand même qu'il y a les problèmes de santé comme elle est aveugle, les muettes elle a autisme et tout fait qu'il fallait que je. When I say interesting, it's not a good thing, I have a sister anyway that there are the health problems as she is blind, mute she has autism and everything that I had to. 0:30:13.782 --> 0:30:17.502 Gigi Kaur J'ai gardé mes responsabilités, puis grandir un peu plus vite que les autres. I kept my responsibilities, then grew up a little faster than the others. 0:30:17.912 --> 0:30:19.522 Hélène Goulet Ouais ça exactement. Yeah, that's right. 0:30:19.532 --> 0:30:22.832 Hélène Goulet Ouais je comprends, je comprends, je ne ça qui est sourde aussi. Yeah, I get it, I get it, I don't know who's deaf too. 0:30:24.62 --> 0:30:26.582 Hélène Goulet Ouais, c'est ça qui est sourde, ma sœur aussi. Yeah, that's who's deaf, my sister too. 0:30:26.592 --> 0:30:27.982 Hélène Goulet Ça, ça a été un autre Matisse. That was another Matisse. 0:30:27.992 --> 0:30:33.852 Hélène Goulet Dans la famille aussi parce qu'elle a dû quitter le village pour aller à l'école, alors ça a été difficile pour mes parents. Ouais. In the family too because she had to leave the village to go to school, so it was difficult for my parents. Yeah, it was. 0:30:34.222 --> 0:30:38.392 Gigi Kaur Est-ce que vous avez, comment dire ça, ce que vous avez pris, la langue de singe? Do you have, how do I put this, what you've got, monkey tongue? 0:30:38.932 --> 0:30:41.382 Hélène Goulet Je connais le la langue des signes du Québec. I know Quebec sign language. 0:30:43.532 --> 0:30:50.922 Hélène Goulet Mais à un niveau que je ne considère pas acceptable, mais je connais l'alphabet, les chiffres. But at a level I don't consider acceptable, but I know the alphabet, the numbers. 0:30:50.932 --> 0:31:1.62 Hélène Goulet Et puis avec ma sœur, on s'est développé un système d’où on se comprend quand on se parle, mais je ne suis pas très mon intelligence kinésique. And then with my sister, we've developed a system where we understand each other when we talk, but I'm not very kinetically intelligent. 0:31:2.662 --> 0:31:6.642 Hélène Goulet Euh, score n’est pas très forte, alors j'oublie facilement. Uh, score's not very strong, so I forget easily. 0:31:6.652 --> 0:31:16.402 Hélène Goulet Puis, comme elle travaille bon, on se voit, on se voit moins, on ne se voit pas chaque jour, c'est que c'est plus difficile de conserver le l'acquis, mais maintenant il y a un APP. Then, since she works well, we see each other less, we don't see each other every day, so it's harder to maintain what we've acquired, but now there's an APP. 0:31:19.72 --> 0:31:21.342 Hélène Goulet Avant, j'avais commencé en ligne des cours aussi. Before that, I had started online courses too. 0:31:21.352 --> 0:31:32.762 Hélène Goulet Là elle excuse, j'en ai suivi en personne aussi que j'ai fait certains efforts au fil des ans puis mais j'étais un peu comme la 2e mère de ma sœur parce qu'on avait 9 ans de différence. She's sorry, but I've made some effort over the years, and I was a bit like my sister's 2nd mother because we were 9 years apart. 0:31:33.932 --> 0:31:39.22 Hélène Goulet Et puis ça fait que j'ai, j'ai eu un rôle important dans la vie de ma sœur. And that's why I played such an important role in my sister's life. 0:31:40.362 --> 0:31:51.972 Gigi Kaur Le Okay je vois clairement que la famille est vraiment importante pour vous depuis très jeune, même avant l'université et cetera fait que ça c'est très, c'est comment dire ça. Okay, I can clearly see that family is really important to you from a very young age, even before university and so on, so that's very, that's how you say it. 0:31:51.982 --> 0:32:9.932 Gigi Kaur C'est très adorable que cette valeur existe toujours parce que les temps ont clairement changé maintenant, mais à propos de on va aller à l'université de toi parce que Ouais, parce que quand même je n’ai pas vraiment votre background, je trouve. It's very adorable that this value still exists because times have clearly changed now, but about we're going to go to college from you because yeah, because still I don't really have your background, I find. 0:32:9.942 --> 0:32:13.832 Gigi Kaur Vous êtes quelqu'un de très responsable, prématurés et très adorable quand même. You're a very responsible, premature, and very adorable person. 0:32:16.272 --> 0:32:18.462 Gigi Kaur Fait, je vais aller sur la prochaine question. Done, I'll go on to the next question. 0:32:19.862 --> 0:32:34.792 Gigi Kaur Les historiens ont beaucoup écrit sur qu'ils appellent la révolution de contre-culture, c'est à dire que votre génération, c'est relié contre les valeurs de de la génération de vos parents, même chose qui arrive aujourd'hui aussi avec pas grand-chose qui a changé. Historians have written a lot about what they call the counter-culture revolution, meaning that your generation is bound up against the values of your parents' generation, the same thing that's happening today too, with not much that's changed. 0:32:35.192 --> 0:32:38.482 Gigi Kaur Dans quelle mesure les membres de votre cercle social? To what extent do the members of your social circle? 0:32:38.492 --> 0:32:45.792 Gigi Kaur Concernent concernent ils qu'il devait se mobiliser pour une société plus juste et un monde meilleur? Are they concerned about mobilizing for a fairer society and a better world? 0:32:48.42 --> 0:32:50.122 Hélène Goulet Plus juste, c'est un monde meilleur. A fairer world means a better world. 0:32:51.592 --> 0:32:52.312 Hélène Goulet Je pense que. I think. 0:32:53.882 --> 0:32:58.202 Hélène Goulet Euh, je pense le cercle de littérature avec dans lequel j'opérais. Uh, I think the circle of literature I was operating with. 0:32:59.742 --> 0:33:17.472 Hélène Goulet Était plus, euh au niveau des idées, c'était vraiment au niveau de tu sais le rôle des femmes, la libération, y en a qui avaient multiples partenaires, pas moi, mais y en a qui avaient multiples partenaires. It was more, uh, in terms of ideas, it was really in terms of you know the role of women, liberation, there were some who had multiple partners, not me, but there were some who had multiple partners. 0:33:17.952 --> 0:33:23.212 Hélène Goulet Il y avait une sorte de révolte, mais c'était. There was a kind of revolt, but it was. 0:33:25.732 --> 0:33:26.502 Hélène Goulet Comment dire? What can I say? 0:33:26.512 --> 0:33:28.72 Hélène Goulet C'était vraiment plus haut niveau. It really wasn't up to scratch. 0:33:32.362 --> 0:33:40.772 Hélène Goulet Des fois, des fois, moi ça ne me choquait pas, pas fâché, mais un peu un choc parce que moi je voulais de mon petit village, on venait juste de passer au feu. Sometimes, sometimes, I wasn't shocked, not angry, but a little shocked because I wanted to be from my little village, we'd just gone through the fire. 0:33:40.782 --> 0:33:43.152 Hélène Goulet Je n’avais pas beaucoup d'argent, il fallait que je travaille. I didn't have much money, so I had to work. 0:33:43.872 --> 0:33:48.732 Hélène Goulet Tu sais, ma vie était quand même très réglée mais y a de ces gens-là. You know, my life was very regulated, but there are people like that. 0:33:48.772 --> 0:33:58.252 Hélène Goulet Altération, heure qui venaient de famille beaucoup plus à l'aise que moi, qui vivait à la maison, alors ça ne leur coûtait rien, n’y avait pas de loyer à payer, il y avait tu sais? Alteration, time that came from a family much more comfortable than me, who lived at home, so it cost them nothing, there was no rent to pay, there was you know? 0:33:58.262 --> 0:34:7.202 Hélène Goulet Bon, c'était la vie était facile pour eux et y en avait une que son père était président de du musée des beaux-arts. Well, life was easy for them, and one of them was her father, president of the Musée des Beaux-Arts. 0:34:7.212 --> 0:34:8.212 Hélène Goulet Tu sais, bon, c'était. You know, well, it was. 0:34:10.862 --> 0:34:31.292 Hélène Goulet Y en a qui étaient pauvres, y en a qui qui étaient comme moi, qui fallait que je travaille, puis qui payent leurs affaires, puis tout ça, il y en a qui étaient en couple, qui vivait avec un homme, euh, fait qu'il y avait une variété, mais il y avait une sorte stop-loss sphère peu irréaliste par rapport à la vie. Some were poor, some were like me, I had to work, then pay for my things and all that, some were in a couple, living with a man, um, so there was variety, but there was a kind of stop-loss sphere that was a little unrealistic in terms of life. 0:34:31.892 --> 0:34:36.172 Hélène Goulet Tu sais, une sorte de manque de responsabilité, tu sais, y avait. You know, a kind of lack of responsibility, you know, there was. 0:34:38.42 --> 0:34:41.2 Hélène Goulet Une sorte de de de de désabusés comme. A sort of de de de de disillusioned like. 0:34:44.432 --> 0:34:46.962 Hélène Goulet C'est comme s'il trouvait que la vie ne valait pas la peine d'être vécue. It's as if he didn't think life was worth living. 0:34:48.72 --> 0:35:0.202 Hélène Goulet Il y avait comme une sorte de mentalité un peu, c'est certaines personnes pas tout le monde, mais à literature, c'était beaucoup dilettante, tu sais dilettante, genre. There was a kind of mentality that was a bit, it's some people not everybody, but at literature, it was a lot of dilettante, you know dilettante, like. 0:35:2.102 --> 0:35:3.42 Hélène Goulet C'était à Paris. It was in Paris. 0:35:3.52 --> 0:35:12.102 Hélène Goulet Il serait assis dans un café qui aurait parlé d'idées, puis de toutes sortes d'affaires, mais il n’y aurait pas, et ce n’était pas comme la vraie vie. He'd be sitting in a café talking about ideas, then all sorts of business, but there wouldn't be, and it wasn't like real life. 0:35:12.172 --> 0:35:19.492 Hélène Goulet Tu sais, ce n’était pas vraiment comme la vraie vie, je ne sais pas trop comment l'expliquer, mais je ressentais très fortement à l'époque. You know, it wasn't really like real life, I don't really know how to explain it, but I felt very strongly at the time. 0:35:20.12 --> 0:35:34.832 Gigi Kaur Le fait que si je comprends bien, vous dites que dans le groupe de de littérature, c'était plus les idées qui parlaient, c'était plus des gens qui communiquaient, mais au lieu de faire des actions, puis même les communications ont été defois, irréalistes. The fact that if I understand correctly, you're saying that in the literature group, it was more the ideas that spoke, it was more the people who communicated, but instead of taking action, even the communications were sometimes unrealistic. 0:35:35.482 --> 0:35:43.132 Hélène Goulet Ouais c'est ça, alors que pour moi quand j'étais adolescente, dans mon village, j'étais très engagée dans la Communauté. Yeah right, whereas for me when I was a teenager, in my village, I was very involved in the Community. 0:35:43.582 --> 0:35:46.172 Hélène Goulet Mais parents l'étaient, et moi je l'étais aussi. But my parents were, and I was too. 0:35:46.182 --> 0:35:51.222 Hélène Goulet J'ai, j'ai commencé un club de jeunes, n’y avait rien dans mon village, il n’y avait rien, rien pour distraire les jeunes. I started a youth club, there was nothing in my village, there was nothing, nothing to entertain young people. 0:35:52.52 --> 0:35:59.682 Hélène Goulet Euh Ben j'ai commencé un club de jeunes, j'organisais des danses surveillées par les parents, des concerts. Well, I started a youth club, organizing dances supervised by parents and concerts. 0:35:59.692 --> 0:36:4.472 Hélène Goulet J'ai organisé toutes sortes d'affaires, des orchestres qui venaient pour jouer pour nous, vous pouvez danser. I've organized all kinds of affairs, orchestras coming to play for us, you can dance. 0:36:6.232 --> 0:36:12.622 Hélène Goulet J'ai vraiment été très engagé mais quand je suis arrivée à Ottawa, Ben là, il fallait que je travaille, fallait que j'aille à l'école. I was really committed, but when I arrived in Ottawa, Ben, I had to work, I had to go to school. 0:36:12.632 --> 0:36:18.422 Hélène Goulet Tu sais, je n’ai pas fait beaucoup de choses en action sociale moi-même pendant que j'étais à l'université. You know, I didn't do much social work myself while I was at university. 0:36:20.282 --> 0:36:27.932 Hélène Goulet C'est venu, c'est revenu plus tard dans ma vie quand ça avec les enfants aussi, évidemment, c'est m'appliquer à l'école. It came, it came back later in my life when that with the kids too, obviously, it's applied to me at school. 0:36:27.942 --> 0:36:29.62 Hélène Goulet M'appliquer tu sais? Apply myself, you know? 0:36:29.72 --> 0:36:38.272 Hélène Goulet J'ai suivi de mes enfants comme ça, puis après, évidemment, maintenant je suis très engagée dans un dans un en bénévolat. Then, of course, I'm now very, very, very involved in volunteer work. 0:36:38.282 --> 0:36:43.182 Hélène Goulet C'est ça qui m'ont que je fais au moins un débutant, mais au moins débutant. That's why I'm at least a beginner, but at least a beginner. 0:36:58.162 --> 0:36:58.882 Hélène Goulet Ouais c'est ça. Yeah, right. 0:36:44.322 --> 0:36:59.902 Gigi Kaur Et vous dites que quand vous étiez à l'université d'Ottawa, vous êtes tellement occupé à travailler, à survivre, à gérer tout, à être responsable que vous n’avez pas eu le temps d'être très social dans la Communauté, mais ça, c'est venu dans les périodes fait qu'avec vos enfants, puis après plus tard. And you say that when you were at the University of Ottawa, you were so busy working, surviving, managing everything, being responsible that you didn't have the time to be very social in the Community, but that came in the periods done with your children, then later on. 0:37:0.322 --> 0:37:4.482 Hélène Goulet Ouais, c'est ça avant, avant l'université, puis après. Yeah, that's before, before college, then after. 0:37:4.552 --> 0:37:8.512 Hélène Goulet Après que les enfants sont nés aussi, je me suis impliquée dans certaines choses. After the children were born too, I got involved in a few things. 0:37:8.722 --> 0:37:14.942 Hélène Goulet Puis, après que les enfants ont été grands, Ben là, ma vie a complètement changé en termes de dans quoi je m'explique ça? Ouais. Then, after the kids were grown up, well, my life changed completely in terms of how do I explain this? Yeah. 0:37:14.912 --> 0:37:17.582 Gigi Kaur OK c'est OK, c'est compréhensible. Okay, that's understandable. 0:37:18.92 --> 0:37:22.12 Gigi Kaur Alors le prof, je vais faire un petit suivi dans ça? So, teacher, I'm going to do a little follow-up on this? 0:37:22.382 --> 0:37:29.962 Gigi Kaur Dans quelle mesure va génération, pensait-elle, que les notions de vos parents sur le genre, la famille et les relations amoureuses étaient dépassées? To what extent did your generation feel that your parents' notions of gender, family and relationships were outdated? 0:37:30.332 --> 0:37:36.102 Gigi Kaur Je pense que vous êtes déjà répondu, mais je voulais savoir plus sur ce sujet, si ça ne vous dérange pas. I think you've already answered, but I wanted to know more about this subject, if you don't mind. 0:37:36.422 --> 0:37:37.452 Hélène Goulet Oui, non, ça va. Yes, no, I'm fine. 0:37:37.762 --> 0:37:54.792 Hélène Goulet Euh oui, il y avait, il y avait cette ce sens que nos familles, nos parents étaient traditionnelles comme je n’aurais pas pu amener un homme, un jeune homme chez mes parents, puis dormir dans la même Chambre, ça aurait été impensable, même après que j'ai rencontré mon mari pendant 5 ans. Uh yes, there was, there was this sense that our families, our parents were traditional like I wouldn't have been able to bring a man, a young man to my parents, and then sleep in the same room, that would have been unthinkable, even after I'd met my husband for 5 years. 0:37:54.802 --> 0:37:58.862 Hélène Goulet On s'est vu pendant 5 ans, puis il n’y a jamais dormi dans la même chambre que moi chez mes parents. We saw each other for 5 years, then he never slept in the same room as me at my parents' house. 0:37:59.902 --> 0:38:7.142 Hélène Goulet Mais j'ai un peu ouvert la voie pour le reste de la famille, toujours comme ça, les aînés ouvrent la voie pour le reste de la famille. But I kind of paved the way for the rest of the family, always like that, the elders pave the way for the rest of the family. 0:38:7.412 --> 0:38:10.112 Hélène Goulet Avec le temps, les mentalités ont changé aussi. Over time, attitudes have changed too. 0:38:10.122 --> 0:38:22.402 Hélène Goulet Mes parents pensaient plus de la même façon non plus, mais je me souviens que ma mère m'avait dit, quand j'ai commencé à enseigner que J’Habitais dans mon propre appartement dans une autre ville, puis elle m'avait dit. My parents didn't think the same way either, but I remember my mother telling me when I started teaching that I lived in my own apartment in another city. 0:38:23.942 --> 0:38:33.452 Hélène Goulet J'espère que tu ne feras rien pour faire honte à ton père, puis là je suis parti à rire, puis je lui ai dit cette conversation-là est arrivé 5 ans trop tard. I hope you won't do anything to shame your father, then I started laughing, then I told him this conversation came 5 years too late. 0:38:40.142 --> 0:38:44.882 Hélène Goulet Mais ma mère n’était pas extrêmement traditionnelle, mais quand même, c'est produit. But my mother wasn't extremely traditional, but still, it's produced. 0:38:44.892 --> 0:38:45.972 Hélène Goulet Sa génération. His generation. 0:38:46.522 --> 0:38:49.332 Hélène Goulet Euh même chose pour la contraception. The same goes for contraception. 0:38:49.342 --> 0:38:57.422 Hélène Goulet Mes parents ont beaucoup souffert de parce qu'il était catholique Romain qu’il n’avait pas le droit d'utiliser la contraception, ma mère a failli mourir à cause de ça. My parents suffered a lot because he was a Roman Catholic and wasn't allowed to use contraception; my mother almost died because of it. 0:38:58.482 --> 0:39:2.972 Hélène Goulet Euh moi j'étais très consciente de ça, j'étais très révoltée contre l'Église. I was very aware of that, and I was very rebellious against the Church. 0:39:2.982 --> 0:39:5.332 Hélène Goulet J'ai commencé à être très révoltée contre l'Église. I began to feel very rebellious towards the Church. 0:39:5.342 --> 0:39:15.722 Hélène Goulet J'étais très jeune, j'avais peut-être 13h quand j'ai commencé à vraiment avoir les gros dans le, les dogmes, puis les la théologie. I was very young, I was maybe 13 when I really started to get the big in the, the dogmas, then the theology. 0:39:15.732 --> 0:39:16.962 Hélène Goulet Là, tu sais la moralité. There, you know there morality. 0:39:18.932 --> 0:39:19.722 Hélène Goulet Catholique romaine. Roman Catholic. 0:39:20.882 --> 0:39:39.522 Hélène Goulet Puis, éventuellement, j'ai quitté l'Église catholique romaine, puis, mais j'ai toujours été pratiquante fait que j'ai choisi d'aller dans des églises où il y avait plus d'actions sociales justement, comme l'Église unie où j'ai passé 10h, puis après ça, j'ai je suis allée dans l'Église anglicane, puis à Ottawa. Then, eventually, I left the Roman Catholic Church, but I've always been a churchgoer, so I chose to go to churches where there was more social action, like the United Church, where I spent 10 hours, and then I went to the Anglican Church, then to Ottawa. 0:39:39.532 --> 0:39:53.462 Hélène Goulet L'Église anglicane est très engagée socialement, cette porte beaucoup, beaucoup de de causes comme le centre 454 well cornerstone, c'est des créations du diocèse anglican d'Ottawa. The Anglican Church is very socially committed, it supports many, many causes such as the 454 well cornerstone center, which is a creation of the Anglican Diocese of Ottawa. 0:39:53.472 --> 0:39:59.312 Hélène Goulet Fait que je me suis appliquée plus à ce niveau-là fait que oui, il y avait. The fact that I applied myself more at that level meant that yes, there was. 0:39:59.352 --> 0:40:3.292 Hélène Goulet Oui, on trouvait que nos parents étaient très vieux jeu. Yes, we thought our parents were very old-fashioned. 0:40:5.252 --> 0:40:22.362 Hélène Goulet Euh, très traditionnel, mais en même temps j'ai toujours respecté mes parents, tu sais, j'avais des conversations, je n’étais pas toujours d'accord avec eux, mais en même temps j'ai toujours respecté que j'étais dans leur maison quand j'étais là, puis que je suivais les règles. Uh, very traditional, but at the same time I always respected my parents, you know, I had conversations, I didn't always agree with them, but at the same time I always respected that I was in their house when I was there, and that I followed the rules. 0:40:22.412 --> 0:40:23.152 Hélène Goulet 13 ans. 13 years old. 0:40:23.192 --> 0:40:27.12 Hélène Goulet Quand j'étais à l'heure, mais ma vie en dehors de la, c'était ma vie à moi. When I was on time, but my life outside of it was my own. 0:40:28.642 --> 0:40:35.942 Gigi Kaur OK, c'est vraiment intéressant que vous ayez dit à propos de religion parce que je dois même maintenant? OK, that's really interesting what you said about religion because I have to even now? 0:40:35.952 --> 0:40:49.92 Gigi Kaur Les gens dénoncent et il va aller dans un autre ou sinon ils arrêtent complètement mais y a plusieurs choses que vous dites qu'on va maintenant aussi il n’y a pas grand-chose qui a changé, c'est juste là le temps qui a changé, c'est tout. People denounce and he'll go to another or else they stop altogether but there are several things you say we're going to now too there's not much that's changed, it's just there the weather has changed, that's all. 0:40:51.582 --> 0:40:52.452 Gigi Kaur Exactement. Exactly. 0:40:49.592 --> 0:40:53.582 Hélène Goulet Et ça change plus c'est pareil, malheureusement souvent, mais en tout cas. And it changes the more it's the same, unfortunately often, but in any case. 0:40:53.992 --> 0:40:55.662 Gigi Kaur Ouais, à propos de ça. Yeah, about that. 0:40:57.642 --> 0:41:5.312 Gigi Kaur Vu, avez-vous eu le sentiment que le système politique était démocratique et quittable et qui répondait aux besoins des citoyens? Did you feel that the political system was democratic and manageable, and that it met the needs of citizens? 0:41:5.322 --> 0:41:7.662 Gigi Kaur On voit ça clairement, ce débat même aujourd? We can see it clearly, this debate even today. 0:41:7.672 --> 0:41:11.662 Gigi Kaur Hui, est-ce que vous voyez ce débat aussi en 1970? Hui, do you also see this debate in 1970? 0:41:12.372 --> 0:41:15.592 Hélène Goulet Je ne me souviens pas vraiment d'avoir eu des conversations comme ça. I don't really remember having conversations like that. 0:41:15.602 --> 0:41:22.132 Hélène Goulet Je n’étais pas très politique à l'époque, ça m'a pris du temps pour devenir plus politique. I wasn't very political at the time, so it took me a while to become more political. 0:41:22.142 --> 0:41:26.502 Hélène Goulet C'est probablement quand j'ai commencé à faire le droit, puis le MDE, où j'ai été plus là. It was probably when I started law school, then MDE, that I was more there. 0:41:26.512 --> 0:41:33.292 Hélène Goulet J'ai commencé à être plus obligé d'une certaine façon de m'intéresser à la politique. I began to feel more compelled in some way to take an interest in politics. 0:41:33.622 --> 0:41:42.512 Hélène Goulet Puis il y a eu toute l'avènement de la Charte des droits, parce que moi, j'ai quand j'étais en droit, c'était le rapatriement de la Constitution 1982. Then there was the whole advent of the Charter of Rights, because when I was in law school, it was the repatriation of the 1982 Constitution. 0:41:42.552 --> 0:41:51.552 Hélène Goulet Moi, j'ai commencé mon droit à 82 et puis j'ai fini à 85 avec l'avènement de la Charte des droits, l'achat de l'égalité. I started law school in '82 and finished in '85 with the advent of the Charter of Rights, the purchase of equality. 0:41:52.232 --> 0:42:3.142 Hélène Goulet Alors quand j'ai commencé à travailler au ministère de la justice, j'ai travaillé beaucoup, beaucoup avec l'achat, avec les droits à l'égalité, fait que je suis devenue pas mal politicien, ouais. So, when I started working at the Ministry of Justice, I worked a lot, a lot with purchasing, with equality rights, so I became quite a politician, yeah. 0:42:5.352 --> 0:42:5.542 Hélène Goulet Ouais. Yes 0:42:3.882 --> 0:42:11.82 Gigi Kaur OKOK mais vous avez dit en même temps que ça changeait un peu parce qu'il y avait eu des changements politiques aussi, comme la charte et cetera. OKOK but you said at the same time that it was changing a bit because there had been political changes too, like the charter et cetera. 0:42:14.192 --> 0:42:25.172 Hélène Goulet Ouais, y a eu une plus grande conscientisation, je pense de des droits à l'égalité dans la danse, c'était plus dans les années quatre-vingt, mais c'est sûr qu'il y a eu tout un. Yeah, there was a greater awareness, I think, of equality rights in the eighties, but it was definitely a whole thing. 0:42:31.172 --> 0:42:31.372 Gigi Kaur Ouais. Yes 0:42:27.242 --> 0:42:32.862 Hélène Goulet Que tout ce qui s'est passé des années 70A, mené à ça aussi tu ne sais rien qui arrive comme ça? That everything that happened in the 70s and 70s led to this, too - you don't know anything that just happens, do you? 0:42:32.872 --> 0:42:39.122 Hélène Goulet C'est, c'est toujours une évolution, une sociale, tu sais qui fait que l'évolution sociale. It's always an evolution, a social evolution, you know. 0:42:39.132 --> 0:42:50.932 Hélène Goulet Arrivé avant de changement à la loi, la plupart du temps, c'est parce qu'il y a une pression, y a une pression de la base, c'est, c'est, ça n’arrive pas par en haut, ça arrive par en bas, même si on ne s’en rend pas trop compte, c'est ça? Most of the time, it's because there's pressure, there's grassroots pressure, it's, it doesn't come from the top, it comes from the bottom, even if you're not too aware of it, right? 0:42:51.942 --> 0:42:59.592 Gigi Kaur Ouais en même chose, on voit ça clairement aujourd'hui aussi, la pression d'en bas qui force les politiciens. Yeah, but at the same time, we're seeing this clearly today too, the pressure from below that forces politicians. 0:42:59.872 --> 0:43:0.62 Hélène Goulet Ouais. Yes 0:42:59.602 --> 0:43:4.902 Gigi Kaur Le gouvernement à changer leurs documents, et cetera fait qu'on voit clairement la même chose. The government has changed their documents, et cetera, so that we can clearly see the same thing. 0:43:1.372 --> 0:43:14.822 Hélène Goulet Oui, y a on le voit avec la Cour suprême aussi, la Cour suprême, c'est vraiment intéressant parce qu'à l'époque où je faisais mon droit, c'était Borel, le skin qui était le juge en chef de la Cour suprême. It's really interesting because when I was doing my law degree, it was Borel, la skin, who was the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court. 0:43:29.792 --> 0:43:30.82 Gigi Kaur Non? No? 0:43:15.282 --> 0:43:33.732 Hélène Goulet C'était un homme de la gauche était très progressif, très progressif, au point où il était souvent le jugement dissident avec la majorité était ailleurs, n’était pas rendu là encore. He was a man of the left was very progressive, very progressive, to the point where he was often dissenting judgment with the majority was elsewhere, was not rendered there yet. 0:43:34.62 --> 0:43:35.842 Hélène Goulet Puis lui, il écrivait des jugements. Then he wrote judgments. 0:43:37.232 --> 0:43:38.842 Hélène Goulet Complètement plus à gauche. Completely more to the left. 0:43:40.352 --> 0:43:58.622 Hélène Goulet Et puis avec le temps, en l'espace de 10 ans, les jugements dissidents de borella skins sont devenus les jugements majoritaires de la Cour suprême, fait qu'il y a eu une grande influence, mais ça a pris quelques années avant que là, là aussi, le gouvernement a commencé à nommer des juges plus à gauche. And then over time, in the space of 10 years, the dissenting judgments of borella skins became the majority judgments of the Supreme Court, so there was a big influence, but it took a few years before there, too, the government started appointing more left-leaning judges. 0:43:58.772 --> 0:44:0.652 Hélène Goulet Aussi, comme il y a eu Bertha Wilson. Also, as there was Bertha Wilson. 0:44:2.192 --> 0:44:3.612 Hélène Goulet Puis il a commencé à voir des femmes. Then he started seeing women. 0:44:5.562 --> 0:44:10.252 Hélène Goulet T'es avec les femmes, on est devenu beaucoup plus à gauche, beaucoup plus à gauche. With women, we've become much more left-wing, much more left-wing. 0:44:10.262 --> 0:44:14.292 Hélène Goulet Les femmes étaient, les femmes étaient beaucoup plus socialement. Women were women were much more social. 0:44:17.82 --> 0:44:22.92 Hélène Goulet Consciente en général, mais bon, laskin a été. Conscious in general, but hey, laskin was. 0:44:22.162 --> 0:44:26.272 Hélène Goulet Puis texel aussi, ça a été des hommes vraiment exceptionnels. And Texel, too, was a truly exceptional group of men. 0:44:26.642 --> 0:44:32.12 Hélène Goulet Puis bureau Wilson fait qu'il y a eu y a eu tout un mouvement, là vers la gauche, plus vers la gauche. Then Wilson's office saw a whole movement to the left, more to the left. 0:44:32.22 --> 0:44:39.962 Hélène Goulet Tu sais, maintenant, c'est plus central centre je dirais, mais en tout cas ça c'était vraiment intéressant à vivre. You know, now it's more centrally located, I'd say, but in any case, it was really interesting to experience. 0:44:41.512 --> 0:44:47.642 Gigi Kaur Vous dites plus à gauche, c'était tout de suite après le 2e Guerre mondiale, ça a pris du temps d'aller sur la gauche. You say more to the left, but that was right after the 2nd World War, so it took a while to move to the left. 0:44:47.792 --> 0:44:49.662 Hélène Goulet Oh, ça a pris du temps, mais c'est. Oh, it took a while, but it's. 0:44:49.672 --> 0:44:57.762 Hélène Goulet C'est à mesure que les droits individuels ont pris de l'importance parce qu'avant la 2e Guerre mondiale, il y avait la déclaration des droits. As time went on, individual rights gained in importance, because before the 2nd World War, there was the Bill of Rights. 0:44:58.792 --> 0:45:3.992 Hélène Goulet Euh, qui avait été passée comme en 1949 après la 2e Guerre mondiale? Er, which had been passed as in 1949 after the 2nd World War? 0:45:4.2 --> 0:45:6.722 Hélène Goulet Je pense, tu le saurais mieux que moi? I think you'd know better than me? 0:45:7.182 --> 0:45:14.122 Hélène Goulet Euh, puis c'est à partir de là que l'avènement des droits individuels a commencé à devenir plus important. Uh, then the advent of individual rights started to become more important. 0:45:14.132 --> 0:45:17.672 Hélène Goulet C'est le rôle des femmes, des femmes qui avaient travaillé pendant la guerre. This is the role of women, women who had worked during the war. 0:45:17.682 --> 0:45:19.232 Hélène Goulet Voulait pas retourner dans leur cuisine. Didn't want to go back to their kitchen. 0:45:21.252 --> 0:45:23.442 Hélène Goulet Y avait goûter à gagner de l'argent. Y had a taste for making money. 0:45:23.572 --> 0:45:29.672 Hélène Goulet Il y avait goûter à être indépendant parce que les maris étaient partis à la guerre, fait que là, il y a eu un changement social sais. There was a taste of independence because the husbands had gone off to war, so there was a definite social change. 0:45:29.682 --> 0:45:34.252 Hélène Goulet On l'a vu avec je ne sais pas si t'as j'ai écouté la série Madden. We saw him with I don't know if you've listened to the Madden series. 0:45:37.562 --> 0:45:39.492 Hélène Goulet Ses unis, on l'a vu dans cette série-là. These unis, we saw it in that series there. 0:45:39.502 --> 0:45:46.432 Hélène Goulet Ben la même chose arrivait au Canada un petit peu en retard, ça fait qu'il y a eu beaucoup, beaucoup, beaucoup de de changements. Well, the same thing happened in Canada a little late, so there were many, many, many changes. 0:45:46.442 --> 0:45:51.52 Hélène Goulet C'est pour ça que par le temps que moi je t'ai adolescente puis jeune adulte. That's why, over the years, I've had you as a teenager and then as a young adult. 0:45:51.62 --> 0:45:58.492 Hélène Goulet Le côté féministe, il est devenu pas mal fort, pas mal, pas mal fort, tu sais, y avait beaucoup de mouvements féministes à l'époque. The feminist side, it became quite strong, quite strong, quite strong, you know, there were a lot of feminist movements at the time. 0:45:58.502 --> 0:46:6.952 Hélène Goulet Je me souviens, il y avait eu, y a eu la formation de plusieurs organismes féministes de cette époque. I remember the formation of several feminist organizations at the time. 0:46:6.962 --> 0:46:9.602 Hélène Goulet Là aussi, Wen, comment ça s'appelait? Here too, Wen, what was it called? 0:46:11.122 --> 0:46:18.532 Hélène Goulet Il y avait une grosse manifestation à Ottawa, ce n’est pas une manifestation, c'est une comme une espèce de d'énorme conférence. There was a big demonstration in Ottawa, it's not a demonstration, it's like a huge conference. 0:46:18.682 --> 0:46:29.442 Hélène Goulet C'était à cette époque-là que c'est arrivé, je n’ai pas participé mais je me souviens qu'à cette époque-là, dans les années 70, qui a vraiment ça bouge beaucoup au niveau du féminisme. I didn't take part, but I remember that at that time, in the '70s, there was a lot of movement in feminism. 0:46:32.772 --> 0:46:48.62 Gigi Kaur Ouais intéressant, je trouve ça très intéressant car clairement quand vous dites les choses dans ma tête, c'est comme en train de relier avec Aujourd hui puis comme je l'ai dit plusieurs fois ça parle vraiment changer, comment on va beaucoup plus de de féministes donc avec leurs organismes. Yeah interesting, I find it very interesting because clearly when you say things in my head, it's like connecting with Today then as I've said several times it really talks about change, how we're going to a lot more of feminists so with their organizations. 0:46:48.392 --> 0:46:56.312 Gigi Kaur Mais cette fois-ci, c'est plus les, les féministes avec la peau plus brune, c'est là, la couleur, et cetera pense ça. But this time, it's more the, the feminists with the browner skin, it's the, the color, et cetera think it. 0:46:56.312 --> 0:46:56.472 Hélène Goulet Ouais. Yes 0:46:56.322 --> 0:47:1.472 Gigi Kaur Là, c'est plus les féministes blanches, je ne veux pas dire Blanche, mais tu sais, c'est la réalité. Here, it's more the white feminists, I don't want to say white, but you know, it's reality. 0:46:59.112 --> 0:47:3.972 Hélène Goulet Ouais non c'est vrai non, non, c'est vrai, c'est vrai tout à fait vrai. Yeah, no it's true no, no, it's true, it's true absolutely true. 0:47:3.982 --> 0:47:40.792 Hélène Goulet Il y avait très peu de de femmes non ohh racialiser mais femme autochtone, tu sais, y avait très peu à l'époque dans les mouvements féministes, mais c'est moi ce que je remarque, c'est dans le monde entier, c'est que en Amérique du Nord, comme la conscience féministe, c'est beaucoup plus avancée que puis en Europe aussi que dans d'autres pays, c'est des pays moins développés économiquement ou des pays où le rôle des femmes est encore très traditionnel pour les femmes sont encore. There were very few women who weren't ohh racialized but Aboriginal women, you know, there were very few at the time in the feminist movements, but that's what I notice, it's all over the world, it's that in North America, like feminist consciousness, it's much more advanced than then in Europe too than in other countries, it's less economically developed countries or countries where the role of women is still very traditional for women are still. 0:47:41.122 --> 0:47:45.612 Hélène Goulet Tu sais extrêmement, mais on voit qu'avec le temps, l'influence. You know extremely, but we see that with time, influence. 0:47:45.682 --> 0:47:50.522 Hélène Goulet Lance de des pays où les femmes ont plus de droit. Launches countries where women have more rights. 0:47:59.532 --> 0:47:59.752 Gigi Kaur Ouais. Yes 0:47:50.992 --> 0:48:5.662 Hélène Goulet Il y a comme Bleeding, tu sais, tiens, on voit en Iran en ce moment, tu sais les femmes, puis les hommes, jeunes hommes qui manifestent avec les femmes, c'est ça, c'est, c'est assez nouveau, ça? It's like Bleeding, you know, you see in Iran right now, you know women, then men, young men demonstrating with women, it's that, it's, it's pretty new, that? 0:48:6.712 --> 0:48:10.392 Hélène Goulet Euh, c'est assez nouveau, ce n’est pas juste les femmes toutes seules qui se battent. It's not just women fighting on their own. 0:48:10.402 --> 0:48:12.802 Hélène Goulet Comme en Iran, les jeunes hommes sont là aussi. As in Iran, the young men are there too. 0:48:13.32 --> 0:48:21.992 Hélène Goulet C'est avec les femmes dans les manifestations fait qu'on si on voit qu'il y a des changements, mais c'est tellement lent, tu sais, c'est tellement décourageant par moment, mais. It's with the women in the demonstrations that we if we see that there are changes, but it's so slow, you know, it's so discouraging at times, but. 0:48:23.942 --> 0:48:29.92 Hélène Goulet En Afghanistan test tellement triste ce qui se passe, c'est tellement horrible, tu sais, c'est. In Afghanistan test so sad what's going on, it's so horrible, you know, it's. 0:48:30.942 --> 0:48:33.462 Hélène Goulet Ouais mais les femmes ont goûté à autre chose. Yeah, but women have tasted something else. 0:48:34.632 --> 0:48:42.842 Hélène Goulet Puis, le jour où elles vont avoir la possibilité, elles vont vous vouloir ça encore elles le veulent maintenant, elles ne peuvent pas l'avoir maintenant, mais elles le veulent maintenant. Then, the day they get the chance, they're going to want it again, they want it now, they can't have it now, but they want it now. 0:48:42.852 --> 0:48:54.782 Hélène Goulet En Arabie saoudite, on a vu qu'il y a eu un petit peu de mouvement, c'est lent, c'est extrêmement lent mais en Arabie saoudite, les femmes peuvent conduire maintenant, c'est quoi en Amérique du Nord? In Saudi Arabia, we've seen a little movement, it's slow, it's extremely slow, but in Saudi Arabia, women can drive now, what's it like in North America? 0:48:54.792 --> 0:48:59.672 Hélène Goulet C'est comme en Arabie saoudite, les femmes peuvent conduire une auto maintenant. It's like in Saudi Arabia, women can drive a car now. 0:49:0.152 --> 0:49:3.452 Gigi Kaur Ouais, mais c'était en 2018, je pense que j'étais en secondaire. Yeah, but that was 2018, I think I was in high school. 0:49:3.462 --> 0:49:5.182 Gigi Kaur Ouais, j'étais au secondaire. Yeah, I was in high school. 0:49:5.192 --> 0:49:6.92 Gigi Kaur Enfin en ce temps-là. At least in those days. 0:49:3.152 --> 0:49:7.392 Hélène Goulet Oui, oui, c'est assez, ça, c'est récent hein? Yes, yes, that's enough, it's recent, isn't it? 0:49:8.932 --> 0:49:15.212 Hélène Goulet Ça fait que c'est, c'est l'heure, les, le progrès est extrêmement lent, mais en même temps il est là. That makes it, it's time, the, progress is extremely slow, but at the same time it's there. 0:49:15.322 --> 0:49:19.902 Hélène Goulet Tu sais, il y a comme une sorte d'évolution de la conscience qui se fait très doucement. You know, there's a kind of evolution of consciousness that takes place very slowly. 0:49:21.442 --> 0:49:24.152 Hélène Goulet Puis il y a beaucoup de de recul. Then there's a lot of hindsight. 0:49:25.762 --> 0:49:27.532 Hélène Goulet Comme on l'a vu en Afghanistan. As we saw in Afghanistan. 0:49:27.972 --> 0:49:29.412 Hélène Goulet Et toi, c'est quoi ton background? What's your background? 0:49:31.22 --> 0:49:32.52 Gigi Kaur C'est quoi mon background? What's my background? 0:49:31.32 --> 0:49:34.572 Hélène Goulet Si c'est tu veux me le dire? If do you want to tell me? 0:49:38.92 --> 0:49:38.422 Hélène Goulet OK. OK 0:49:32.62 --> 0:49:41.842 Gigi Kaur Il n’y a pas de souci à mes parents, mes parents sont open jaby fait que noir indienne on dit punjabi, parce qu'on a une situation avec l'Inde, mais ça, c'est une autre histoire, complète. My parents don't have any worries, they're open jaby, which means they're black Indian, Punjabi, because we have a situation with India, but that's another story, complete. 0:49:40.632 --> 0:49:42.792 Hélène Goulet Ouais, ça c'est. Yeah, that's it. 0:49:42.352 --> 0:49:47.702 Gigi Kaur Moi, je moi, je suis née aux États-Unis, je suis venu à l'âge de 10 ans à Montréal. I, myself, was born in the United States and came to Montreal at the age of 10. 0:49:47.992 --> 0:49:48.262 Hélène Goulet OK. OK 0:49:48.112 --> 0:49:52.2 Gigi Kaur C'est pour ça que mon français est plus anglophone, mais des fois je fais des fautes et lever, mais tu sais? That's why my French is more Anglophone, but sometimes I make mistakes and get up, but you know? 0:49:51.972 --> 0:49:56.202 Hélène Goulet Tu passes très bien, tu parles très bien, je t'encourage à continuer parce que tu parles très bien. You pass very well, you speak very well, I encourage you to continue because you speak very well. 0:49:56.852 --> 0:50:0.142 Gigi Kaur Merci beaucoup, mais ça je ne suis pas déjà à la base américaine. Thanks a lot, but I'm not at the American base yet. 0:50:0.152 --> 0:50:2.102 Gigi Kaur Après puis après canadienne. After and after Canadian. 0:50:2.652 --> 0:50:3.552 Hélène Goulet Ouais c'est ça. Yeah, right. 0:50:4.32 --> 0:50:6.902 Hélène Goulet Ouais, j'ai une amie très proche qui est interne. Yeah, I have a very close friend who's an intern. 0:50:7.52 --> 0:50:9.242 Hélène Goulet Elle n’est pas née en Inde, est née ici, mais ça, ça. She wasn't born in India, she was born here, but this, this. 0:50:9.252 --> 0:50:12.682 Hélène Goulet Famille séparent, je pense que ses parents sont nés en Inde. Family separated; I think his parents were born in India. 0:50:12.692 --> 0:50:15.62 Hélène Goulet Oui, c'est pareil, on est en Inde. Yes, it's the same, we're in India. 0:50:13.392 --> 0:50:15.662 Gigi Kaur Ouais, c'est ça qui est plus. Yeah, that's what's more. 0:50:15.672 --> 0:50:22.302 Gigi Kaur Plusieurs Indiens sont les parents sont, viens, font des enfants ici puis après ils font grandir. Many Indians are parents are, come, make children here then afterwards they make grow up. 0:50:22.312 --> 0:50:23.722 Gigi Kaur Et de génération en génération. And from generation to generation. 0:50:23.782 --> 0:50:26.102 Gigi Kaur Je suis certain que vous voyez. I'm sure you can see. 0:50:29.252 --> 0:50:29.432 Hélène Goulet Ouais. Yes 0:50:26.112 --> 0:50:31.702 Gigi Kaur British Colombia y a beaucoup d'Indiens, beaucoup Chinois là-bas, qu'ils étaient là depuis des années et des années, des années. British Colombia there are a lot of Indians, a lot of Chinese there, they've been there for years and years and years. 0:50:32.192 --> 0:50:32.432 Hélène Goulet Ouais. Yes 0:50:32.132 --> 0:50:38.752 Gigi Kaur Maintenant, ça devient un lin de Chine et là ça devient un homme territoire de l'Inde et Chine, et je trouve ça très drôle. Now it's becoming a China flax and now it's becoming a man from India and China, and I think that's very funny. 0:50:44.642 --> 0:50:50.812 Gigi Kaur Ohh prochaine question après y a quelques minutes, je sais, c'est vraiment long, si jamais t'as besoin quelque chose de ce mois, savoir. Ohh next question after a few minutes, I know, it's really long, if you ever need something this month, know. 0:50:50.732 --> 0:50:55.632 Hélène Goulet Ça veut dire moi juste, je vais juste aller allumer mon four parce que j'ai quelque chose à faire cuire. That just means me, I'm just going to go turn on my oven because I've got something to bake. 0:50:55.642 --> 0:50:59.832 Hélène Goulet J'attendais 11h00 pour parce que ça coûte, ça coûte moins cher après 11h. I waited until 11:00 because it costs less after 11:00. 0:51:0.932 --> 0:51:1.532 Gigi Kaur Il n’y a pas de souci. No worries. 0:51:15.782 --> 0:51:19.802 Hélène Goulet Ouais, je pense que je vais en profiter pour aller aux toilettes, OK, je reviens. Yeah, I think I'm going to use the bathroom, OK, I'll be right back. 0:51:19.362 --> 0:51:20.392 Gigi Kaur Parfait n’y a pas de souci. Perfect, no worries. 0:52:7.712 --> 0:52:7.942 Hélène Goulet OK. Ok 0:52:9.512 --> 0:52:10.162 Gigi Kaur Parfait. Perfect. 0:52:11.542 --> 0:52:15.162 Gigi Kaur Alors, il y a 2 questions qui restent, puis après je vous laisse, j'essaye. So, there are 2 questions left, then I'll leave you to it, I'll try. 0:52:15.172 --> 0:52:46.582 Gigi Kaur On a parlé pour des heures, des heures, des heures, mais je sais que vous avez plein de choses à faire, que je vous laisserai dans quelques minutes si ça ne vous dérange pas en la prochaine question, les historiens de la culture ont aimé affirmer que les l'introduction de la pilule contraceptive, la légalisation des départements, la division de de l'idéologie de l'amour libre, on modifie les relations entre femmes et les pratiques d'amoureuses. We've talked for hours and hours and hours, but I know you've got plenty to do, so I'll leave you in a few minutes if you don't mind the next question, cultural historians have liked to assert that the introduction of the contraceptive pill, the legalization of departments, the division of the ideology of free love, altered relations between women and the practices of lovemaking. 0:52:46.592 --> 0:52:53.702 Gigi Kaur Au début des années 1970, alors la question, c'est, êtes-vous d'accord avec cette information? In the early 1970s, so the question is, do you agree with this information? 0:52:54.722 --> 0:52:55.852 Hélène Goulet Probablement, oui. Probably, yes. 0:53:0.322 --> 0:53:8.722 Hélène Goulet C'est vrai que la traduction de la période moi je n’ai jamais pris ça, mais il y avait beaucoup de conversations sur l'avortement, tout ça, puis ça vraiment. It's true that the translation of the period I never took that, but there were a lot of conversations about abortion, all that, and then that really. 0:53:11.422 --> 0:53:21.772 Hélène Goulet Dans les années 94, 85 fois dans les années 4 vingts, la question de l'avortement est devenue encore plus présente. Dans les années 94, 85 fois dans les années 20, la question de l'avortement est devenue encore plus présente. 0:53:21.782 --> 0:53:32.362 Hélène Goulet Parce que ça s'est rendu en Cour suprême, il y a eu Morgan Taller, y a eu tout ça et moi j'ai, j'ai été témoin de tout ça parce que j'étais avocate à ce moment-là. Because it went to the Supreme Court, there was Morgan Taller, there was all that and I, I witnessed all that because I was a lawyer at the time. 0:53:35.312 --> 0:53:39.972 Hélène Goulet Mais c'est, c'est sûr que la contraception et ce n’est pas juste la contraception, c'est elle. But it's, it's definitely contraception and it's not just contraception, it's her. 0:53:39.982 --> 0:53:46.422 Hélène Goulet Mélange de à quoi réception, qui devenait disponible, mais aussi là, les mentalités qui avaient changé. A mixture of what reception, which was becoming available, but also the, the mentalities that had changed. 0:53:47.432 --> 0:53:49.112 Hélène Goulet Y a tu sais tout le courant féministe? You know the whole feminist movement? 0:53:51.562 --> 0:53:57.782 Hélène Goulet C'est ce que l'avènement de la d'une contraception fiable aide le mouvement féministe. This is what the advent of reliable contraception has done for the feminist movement. 0:53:57.792 --> 0:54:0.272 Hélène Goulet Mais le mouvement féministe, c'était là quand même. But the feminist movement was there all the same. 0:54:0.542 --> 0:54:2.392 Hélène Goulet C'est, c'était un parallèle. It's, it was a parallel. 0:54:2.402 --> 0:54:7.82 Hélène Goulet D'une certaine façon, c'est ceux que les femmes qui pouvaient prendre la pilule. In a way, they were the ones who could take the pill. 0:54:9.892 --> 0:54:15.122 Hélène Goulet Qu'il apprenait était probablement avec plus de liberté. That he was learning was probably with more freedom. 0:54:15.132 --> 0:54:16.932 Hélène Goulet Tu sais que celle qui ne la prenait pas? You know the one that didn't? 0:54:20.442 --> 0:54:25.102 Hélène Goulet Mais j'ai l'impression que c'est vraiment en tout cas c'est juste ça, c'est une impression. But I have the impression that it's really just that, it's just an impression. 0:54:25.112 --> 0:54:29.812 Hélène Goulet C'est une opinion que c'est un peu en parallèle, je ne peux pas prouver ça. It's an opinion that it's a bit parallel, I can't prove that. 0:54:29.822 --> 0:54:35.942 Hélène Goulet Mais le mouvement féministe avait vraiment pas, peut-être aidé aussi au développement de la contraception. But the feminist movement really hadn't, perhaps also helped the development of contraception. 0:54:35.952 --> 0:54:40.302 Hélène Goulet Tu sais, il y a peut-être, il y a eu du euh. You know, there may have been, there may have been some uh. 0:54:40.542 --> 0:54:42.972 Hélène Goulet Une chose à nourri l'autre tu sais, c'est un peu comme. One thing fed the other, you know, it's kind of like. 0:54:45.812 --> 0:55:7.252 Hélène Goulet Le fait qu'il y avait la pilule contraceptive, ça aide à des femmes à limiter le nombre d'enfants qu'elles avaient, ça les a aidés à pouvoir travailler, ça aide les employeurs à voir les femmes comme fiables sur le marché du travail parce qu'elle elle aurait plus d'enfants qu'il y a eu tout tu sais tout ça, ce influençait un l'autre. The fact that there was the contraceptive pill, it helped women limit the number of children they had, it helped them be able to work, it helped employers see women as reliable on the job market because she would have more children than there were all you know all that, it influenced one another. 0:55:7.262 --> 0:55:16.452 Hélène Goulet Finalement, ce n’est pas une chose qui a fait que tout ça est arrivé, c'est vraiment y avait un mouvement social, il y avait. Finally, it's not one thing that made all this happen, it's really that there was a social movement, there was. 0:55:16.102 --> 0:55:18.542 Gigi Kaur Il y a des choses qui accumulées pour ce moment-là. There are things built up for that moment. 0:55:19.92 --> 0:55:20.892 Hélène Goulet Ouais, absolument ouais. Yeah, absolutely yeah. 0:55:20.942 --> 0:55:22.202 Hélène Goulet Y a eu toutes sortes de choses. There were all kinds of things. 0:55:22.782 --> 0:55:30.142 Gigi Kaur OKOK bah même chose maintenant, je pense que les constructifs sont très présents. OKOK bah same thing now, I think the constructivists are very present. 0:55:30.442 --> 0:55:40.292 Gigi Kaur Maintenant, je pense que les policiers veut enlever pour que pour surtout le comme surtout avortement toujours présent fait que ouais, ça c'est un autre débat complet différent. Now, I think the cops want to remove so that for especially the as especially abortion still present makes that yeah, that's another whole different debate. 0:55:40.302 --> 0:55:40.842 Gigi Kaur Mais ouais. But Yes 0:55:40.132 --> 0:55:46.662 Hélène Goulet Ouais, puis on n'est-ce pas qu’il n’y aura pas trop d'influence américaine sur ce qui se passe au Canada? Yeah, and don't you think there won't be too much American influence on what happens in Canada? 0:55:46.672 --> 0:55:56.612 Hélène Goulet Parce que jusqu'à maintenant, je dirais qu au Canada, on est beaucoup plus ouvert par rapport à l'avortement, puis à la pilule, la pilule, avoir avorté. Because until now, I'd say that in Canada, we're much more open about abortion, and then the pill, the pill, having an abortion. 0:55:56.622 --> 0:55:57.852 Hélène Goulet Cie, avertir. Cie, warn. 0:56:1.2 --> 0:56:7.132 Hélène Goulet Je pense qu au Canada, les politiciens ont très peur d'ouvrir ce sujet-là parce qu'ils savent qu’ils n’ont pas d'appui. I think that in Canada, politicians are very afraid to open up this subject because they know they don't have the support. 0:56:7.182 --> 0:56:11.402 Hélène Goulet Tu sais, les Canadiens en général sont plus à gauche sur ce sais. You know, Canadians in general are more to the left on this one. 0:56:11.412 --> 0:56:22.252 Hélène Goulet C'est sûr qu'il y a des, y a des groupes, y a des groupes qui traditionnels, mais ils auraient beaucoup de mal à se faire élire comme gouvernement au Canada. Of course, there are some traditional groups, but they would have a hard time getting elected as a government in Canada. 0:56:22.382 --> 0:56:23.662 Hélène Goulet Encore jusqu'à maintenant. Until now. 0:56:25.312 --> 0:56:32.972 Hélène Goulet Mais aux États-Unis, c'est assez peur, c'est qu'on voit ce qui se passe aussi unis en général sur bien des sujets. But in the U.S., it's pretty scary, because we see what's going on united in general on a lot of issues. 0:56:32.752 --> 0:56:36.832 Gigi Kaur Attends, attends, être un Américain, je peux vous confirmer que c'est le? Wait, wait, being an American, I can confirm that this is the? 0:56:40.622 --> 0:57:0.172 Gigi Kaur Alors la dernière question, je pense que ouais, c'est la dernière question, alors notre génération intéressée par un mouvement de l'amour libre qu'elle était la perception des relations avant le mariage sur le campus de l'université d'Ottawa dans les années 1970, étiez vu négativement. So, the last question, I think yeah, this is the last question, so our generation interested in a free love movement what the perception of premarital relationships on the University of Ottawa campus in was the 1970s, were seen negatively. 0:57:0.182 --> 0:57:7.152 Gigi Kaur Accepter ou même encourager dans cette période, dans ce mouvement, dans cette mentalité, idéologie? To accept or even encourage in this period, in this movement, in this mentality, ideology? 0:57:8.432 --> 0:57:13.392 Hélène Goulet Tu sais, ce n’est pas vraiment dans le cercle dans lequel j'opérais c'était accepté. You know, it's not really in the circle I was operating in that was accepted. 0:57:14.802 --> 0:57:15.902 Hélène Goulet Encourager? Encourage? 0:57:16.312 --> 0:57:17.352 Hélène Goulet Pas nécessairement. Not necessarily. 0:57:18.252 --> 0:57:30.402 Hélène Goulet Euh, mais c'était accepté en général, comme il n’y avait pas de choc, quelqu'un disait qu'il y avait qui était qui avait des relations avec quelqu'un ou qui habitait avec quelqu'un qui n’était pas marié. Uh, but it was accepted in general, as there was no shock, someone would say that there was who was who had relations with someone or who lived with someone who wasn't married. 0:57:30.412 --> 0:57:35.32 Hélène Goulet Il n’y avait pas de choc, il n’y avait pas, tu sais, c'était. There was no shock, there was no, you know, it was. 0:57:35.72 --> 0:57:36.712 Hélène Goulet C'était vu comme assez ordinaire. It was seen as quite ordinary. 0:57:37.842 --> 0:57:38.92 Gigi Kaur OK. Ok 0:57:38.732 --> 0:57:54.782 Hélène Goulet Ouais je ne sais pas ou.de vue comme si les relations multiples était aussi accepté mais quand t'avais un copain puis que tu que tu que t'avais des relations avec ton copain, ça c'était accepté. Yeah, I don't know, like multiple relationships were also accepted, but when you had a boyfriend and then you had relationships with your boyfriend, that was accepted. 0:57:55.652 --> 0:58:8.912 Hélène Goulet Si y avait eu des orgies, je ne sais pas si moi ce n’est pas mon monde, mais y en avait sûrement parce que moi je suis très naïve mais il y en avait sûrement, mais ce n’est pas mon monde, c'est que je ne peux pas vraiment parler. If there had been orgies, I don't know if it's not my world, but there probably were, because I'm very naive, but there probably were, but it's not my world, so I can't really talk. 0:58:12.52 --> 0:58:12.262 Hélène Goulet Non? Non? 0:58:9.812 --> 0:58:14.372 Gigi Kaur Et vous avez participé une blague, t'as pas besoin de répondre, t'as pas besoin de répondre. And you participated in a joke, you don't have to answer, you don't have to respond. 0:58:14.912 --> 0:58:17.322 Hélène Goulet Non, ce n’est pas mon bag. No, it's not my bag. 0:58:19.522 --> 0:58:24.222 Gigi Kaur Mais je pense que dans le 1970 et même 4 Vingts, c'était la période, vraiment. But I think in the 1970s and even the 4 Twenties, that was the period, really. 0:58:26.392 --> 0:58:30.262 Gigi Kaur Très, ouvert avec les origines, avec multi partenaires, et cetera. Very, open with origins, with multi partners, et cetera. 0:58:30.272 --> 0:58:33.632 Gigi Kaur Fait, ouais, je suis, je ne serai pas surprise non plus. Fact, yeah, I am, I won't be surprised either. 0:58:33.702 --> 0:58:35.422 Gigi Kaur Maintenant, c'est en train de diminuer à dire. Now it's dwindling to say. 0:58:36.742 --> 0:58:54.782 Hélène Goulet Je pense que quand j'ai commencé à enseigner à Cornwall en 1975, j'ai appris un moment donné pendant que j'étais là pendant 2 ans, qu’il y avait des orgies, des adultes, pas des pas des jeunes et des adultes professionnels. I think when I started teaching in Cornwall in 1975, I learned at one point while I was there for 2 years, that there were orgies, adults, not youths and professional adults. 0:58:54.792 --> 0:58:58.592 Hélène Goulet Il y avait des y avait des, des échanges de coupes. There were exchanges of cups. 0:58:59.912 --> 0:59:2.112 Hélène Goulet C'est l'équivalent à peu près de notre d'énergie. It's roughly equivalent to our energy consumption. 0:59:2.122 --> 0:59:7.2 Hélène Goulet Au fond des échanges de couples qui se passaient dans des parties. Basically, it's about couples exchanging ideas at parties. 0:59:7.12 --> 0:59:15.102 Hélène Goulet Puis tu sais, ça m'avait, à l'époque, je suis très surprise que j'étais très naïve, mais j'étais très naïve d'un petit village. At the time, I'm very surprised that I was so naive, but I was very naive from a small village. 0:59:16.642 --> 0:59:23.832 Hélène Goulet Et puis après ça, j'ai appris que dans c'était très populaire dans les petites villes, les gros villages et les petites villes. And then after that, I learned that in it was very popular in small towns, big villages, and small cities. 0:59:23.842 --> 0:59:27.822 Hélène Goulet Il y avait beaucoup de ça qui se passaient beaucoup, beaucoup de ça qui se passait. There was a lot of that going on, a lot of that going on. 0:59:28.252 --> 0:59:30.722 Hélène Goulet Ça fait probablement que l'université aussi me. That probably makes the university me too. 0:59:31.652 --> 0:59:33.852 Gigi Kaur Alors, les couples qui s'échangent, c'est ça? So, swapping couples, right? 0:59:34.492 --> 0:59:42.232 Hélène Goulet Oui, des échanges de coups Ninja, qui organise un groupe actif, puis tout le monde qui était, se présentait au party. Yes, exchanges of Ninja blows, which organizes an active group, then everyone who was, showed up at the party. 0:59:42.242 --> 0:59:45.42 Hélène Goulet Puis je pense que ça se passait même au parti. Then I think it even happened at the party. 0:59:45.52 --> 0:59:47.632 Hélène Goulet J'ai aucune idée parce que je ne l’ai pas fait, mais. I have no idea because I haven't done it, but. 0:59:49.372 --> 0:59:54.992 Hélène Goulet C'était en tout cas pour moi, ça a toujours été représenté. At least for me, it was always represented. 1:0:0.672 --> 1:0:2.362 Hélène Goulet Un manque de spiritualité? A lack of spirituality? 1:0:4.932 --> 1:0:5.692 Gigi Kaur Qu'est-ce que vous voulez dire? What's that supposed to mean? 1:0:4.942 --> 1:0:11.572 Hélène Goulet Pour moi, pour moi, Ben c'est, c'est très personnel, c'est une opinion, je suis d'accord, tu sais, ce n’est peut-être pas vrai. For me, for me, Ben it's, it's very personal, it's an opinion, I agree, you know, it may not be true. 1:0:11.582 --> 1:0:23.992 Hélène Goulet Mais pour moi, c'est vrai que quand on a une vie spirituelle, pas religieuse, là à la messe, ce n’est pas ça que je veux dire, une vie spirituelle, qu'on est dans un cheminement de croissance personnelle et spirituelle. But for me, it's true that when you have a spiritual life, not a religious one, that's not what I mean, a spiritual life, that you're on a journey of personal and spiritual growth. 1:0:24.52 --> 1:0:29.482 Hélène Goulet Allô que cette sorte de chose là vous intéresse vraiment pas comme on est. Hello that sort of thing really doesn't interest you the way we are. 1:0:29.492 --> 1:0:51.332 Hélène Goulet On veut avoir une relation avec quelqu'un, tu sais une relation qui, OK, qui est en accord avec les principes d'amour de tu sais, de d'engagement de, tu sais même maintenant je ne pourrais pas avoir 2 partenaires en même temps, j'en suis incapable. We want to have a relationship with someone, you know a relationship that, OK, that's in line with the principles of love of you know, of commitment of, you know even now I couldn't have 2 partners at the same time, I'm incapable of it. 1:0:51.342 --> 1:0:58.312 Hélène Goulet Puis pourtant, j'ai un enfant, un de mes enfants, qui est bisexuel et polyamour? And yet, I have a child, one of my children, who is bisexual and polyamorous? 1:0:59.772 --> 1:1:1.142 Hélène Goulet Alors tu sais qui est très lui? So, you know who's really him? 1:1:3.182 --> 1:1:4.432 Hélène Goulet C'est très ouvert ça. That's very open. 1:1:4.442 --> 1:1:6.372 Hélène Goulet Puis lui, il participé à toutes sortes d'affaires. Then he was involved in all kinds of business. 1:1:6.382 --> 1:1:15.832 Hélène Goulet Tu sais, je ne mets pas tout savoir parce que je n’ai pas besoin de le savoir, ce n’est pas ma vie à moi, mais je sais que ça existe encore. You know, I don't want to know everything because I don't need to know, it's not my life, but I know it still exists. 1:1:15.842 --> 1:1:20.542 Hélène Goulet Tu sais, y a un monde dans lequel ça, c'est choses, là arrivent, ça passe. You know, there's a world in which these, these things, these things come, they go. 1:1:22.402 --> 1:1:24.942 Hélène Goulet Ça fait bon, je m'en vais avec ça je pense. That's good, I think I'll leave with that. 1:1:26.692 --> 1:1:27.462 Gigi Kaur Il n’y a pas de souci, hein? No worries, eh? 1:1:24.952 --> 1:1:30.242 Hélène Goulet Je suis sortie du sujet, ouais c'est ça, c'est ça, ça fait que pour moi ça, ça a toujours été. I've gone off topic, yeah that's it, that's it, that's what it's always been for me. 1:1:32.122 --> 1:1:42.772 Hélène Goulet C'est des gens qui a comme un vide à l'intérieur, puis remplisse le vide avec des choses comme ça parce qu'il pense que ça va remplir le vide, mais ça ne remplit pas le vide, puis éventuellement s'en rencontre. It's people who have a kind of emptiness inside them, then fill the emptiness with things like that because they think it'll fill the emptiness, but it doesn't, and then eventually they run into it. 1:1:42.782 --> 1:1:46.992 Hélène Goulet C'est comme remplir le vide avec l'alcool, remplir le vide, une sorte d'addiction. It's like filling the void with alcohol, filling the void, a kind of addiction. 1:1:47.2 --> 1:1:59.422 Hélène Goulet Au fond, c'est une sorte de dépendance à quelque chose qui n’est pas, qui n’est pas bon à long terme, c'est qui n’est pas simple pour la personne humaine à long terme, mais ça c'est une opinion personnelle. Basically, it's a kind of dependence on something that's not, that's not good in the long term, that's not simple for the human being in the long term, but that's a personal opinion. 1:2:3.42 --> 1:2:3.252 Hélène Goulet Non? Non? 1:2:0.152 --> 1:2:3.302 Gigi Kaur Ouais, n’y a pas de souci, vous avez droit à votre opinion personnelle, hein? Yeah, don't worry, you're entitled to your own opinion, aren't you? 1:2:10.312 --> 1:2:12.402 Hélène Goulet Ohh, alors elle, c'est ça? Ohh, so that's her, is it? 1:2:3.682 --> 1:2:18.702 Gigi Kaur C'est ça ne veut pas dire que Trudeau éliminé, le Censorship que ne t’as pas le droit de dire que ce que vous voulez, je moi je suis très à cœur avec vous parce que moi je n’aurais pas capable d’avoir 562 personnes, c'est trop, c'est trop. It doesn't mean that Trudeau eliminated the Censorship, that you don't have the right to say what you want, I'm very sympathetic to you because I wouldn't have been able to get 562 people, it's too much, it's too much. 1:2:19.132 --> 1:2:22.192 Gigi Kaur Même avec moi, des fois je suis un peu trop, hein, je suis comme. Even with me, sometimes I'm a bit too much, eh, I'm like. 1:2:21.892 --> 1:2:28.112 Hélène Goulet Ouais tout à fait la vie, elle est la vie est assez ouais, submergeant par moment. Yeah, quite life, it's life is quite yeah, overwhelming at times. 1:2:28.902 --> 1:2:34.782 Gigi Kaur Fait que la spiritualité, je comprends très bien, je suis très d'accord avec vous sur ça mais. The fact that there spirituality, I understand very well, I agree with you on that but. 1:2:36.702 --> 1:2:36.862 Gigi Kaur Ouais. Yes 1:2:34.392 --> 1:2:40.12 Hélène Goulet C'est, j'ai dit à une amie une fois parce qu’après ma séparation, j'ai eu plusieurs partenaires. That's what I told a friend once, because after my separation, I had several partners. 1:2:40.52 --> 1:2:51.452 Hélène Goulet Au fil du temps, c'est à 13 ans, c'est certains qui ont duré plus longtemps que d'autres et je disais à mon ami, j'ai dit, je suis Cyril monogame est. Over time, that's at 13, it's some that lasted longer than others and I said to my friend, I said, I'm Cyril monogamous is. 1:2:52.992 --> 1:2:54.382 Hélène Goulet Sérieux monogames. Serious monogamists. 1:2:54.442 --> 1:2:59.112 Hélène Goulet Rien parce que j'ai été marié pendant très longtemps, 30 ans. Nothing because I've been married for a very long time, 30 years. 1:2:59.542 --> 1:3:10.332 Hélène Goulet Et puis je fais des choses à comprendre puis à vivre après, mais malgré ça, c'était quand même très laisse. And then I do things I have to understand and then live through afterwards, but despite that, it was still very much on the leash. 1:3:10.342 --> 1:3:10.952 Hélène Goulet Pensable? Thinkable? 1:3:10.962 --> 1:3:16.192 Hélène Goulet C'est ce que la personne que j'ai vécu, puis c'était toujours des personnes avec qui j'étais dans une sorte de relation. That's what the person I experienced, and then it was always people with whom I had some kind of relationship. 1:3:16.202 --> 1:3:24.42 Hélène Goulet Ce n’était pas One Night stand de rencontrer dans un bar puis où je n’allais pas de toute façon, mais tu sais, c'était des gens que j'avais rencontrés. It wasn't One Night stand to meet in a bar then where I wasn't going anyway, but you know, it was people I'd met. 1:3:24.52 --> 1:3:37.772 Hélène Goulet Puis avec qui j'avais une relation, ne sais pas nécessairement là le grand amour de ma vie, mais quand même une relation exclusivement monogame de part et d'autre. Then with whom I had a relationship-not necessarily the great love of my life, but an exclusively monogamous relationship on both sides. 1:3:45.922 --> 1:3:49.612 Gigi Kaur Moi, je pense qu'il faut que j'aille applique aussi, il faut l'appeler. I think I'd better go and apply it too, give it a call. 1:3:50.332 --> 1:3:52.142 Hélène Goulet Ouais, monogame en série. Yeah, serial monogamist. 1:3:52.152 --> 1:3:57.512 Hélène Goulet C'est Ben, c'est ça comme je pense qu'en général, la plupart des gens sont ça. That's Ben, that's the way I think most people are. 1:3:57.552 --> 1:4:8.32 Hélène Goulet Des Monogrammes en Syrie, c'est comme on, on reste plus dans des relations qui nous, ils ne sont pas bonnes pour notre croissance, qui ne sont pas bonnes pour notre évolution. Monograms in Syria, it's like we, we stay more in relationships that we, they are not good for our growth, that are not good for our evolution. 1:4:8.42 --> 1:4:8.472 Hélène Goulet Tu sais, puis. You know, then. 1:4:10.442 --> 1:4:11.362 Hélène Goulet Ça c'est bon ça. That's good. 1:4:11.372 --> 1:4:17.62 Hélène Goulet Je pense que c'est une bonne chose, ce n’est pas, tu sais de pas endurer des choses qu’on ne devrait pas durer. I think it's a good thing, it's not, you know not putting up with things you shouldn't. 1:4:17.72 --> 1:4:17.812 Hélène Goulet C'est une bonne chose. This is a good thing. 1:4:20.32 --> 1:4:25.42 Gigi Kaur Mais merci de tout me d'expliquer, répondre à mes questions. But thank you for explaining everything to me and answering my questions. 1:4:25.52 --> 1:4:30.2 Gigi Kaur J'ai eu tellement d'informations, j'ai comme je vous ai dit au milieu de de l'entrevue. I've got so much information, as I told you in the middle of the interview. 1:4:30.12 --> 1:4:37.102 Gigi Kaur Je vous adore parce que je trouve qu'on les similaires moi même si je ne suis pas beaucoup parlé de moi, ce n’est pas une entrevue de moi, c'est plus de vous. I adore you because I think they're similar to me, even though I don't talk much about myself. It's not an interview with me, it's more about you. 1:4:37.312 --> 1:4:45.852 Gigi Kaur Je vois clairement qu'on est parce que des fois quand je parle avec d'autres personnes, je dis toujours à ma old Soul and Young Bury. I can clearly see that we are because sometimes when I talk to other people, I always say to my old Soul and Young Bury. 1:4:46.912 --> 1:4:48.192 Hélène Goulet Ouais, c'est ça exactement. Yeah, that's it exactly. 1:4:49.122 --> 1:5:0.322 Gigi Kaur Fait que des fois, quand je pense certaines choses, puis je l'explique, tu sais comment je suis vraiment une grande mère, c'est, ce n’est pas comme je ne peux pas connecter métiers quand je vous vois, je suis comme Okay, je comprends pourquoi je pense de cette manière. Does that sometimes, when I think certain things, then I explain it, you know how I'm really a big mom, it's, it's not like I can't connect trades when I see you, I'm like okay, I understand why I think that way. 1:5:0.952 --> 1:5:10.452 Hélène Goulet Ouais, c'est bon parce que c'est peut-être que tu es, c'est, c'est peut-être t'es peut-être pas dans ta première vie, ton âme, mais peut-être pas dans sa première vie. Yeah, it's okay because maybe you are, it's, it's maybe you're not in your first life, your soul, but maybe not in its first life. 1:5:10.462 --> 1:5:13.872 Hélène Goulet Il y a peut-être une autre vie avant, c'est ça? Maybe there's another life before, right? 1:5:13.882 --> 1:5:19.452 Hélène Goulet Je crois ça, moi, personnellement, je crois, je crois, que l'homme peut choisir de revenir. I personally believe that man can choose to come back. 1:5:19.622 --> 1:5:22.692 Hélène Goulet C'est que Ouais, Ben je crois ça. Yeah, well, I think so. 1:5:22.702 --> 1:5:30.352 Hélène Goulet Je sais que ce n’est pas, ce n’est pas une croyance chrétienne populaire, mais de toute façon mes croyances sont tellement évoluées. I know it's not, it's not a popular Christian belief, but anyway my beliefs are so evolved. 1:5:32.102 --> 1:5:35.652 Gigi Kaur Mais c'est ça, c'est la vie, c'est l'évolution, s’est-il faut, il faut évoluer. But that's it, that's life, that's evolution, it's necessary, it's necessary to evolve. 1:5:35.852 --> 1:5:37.22 Hélène Goulet Ouais, c'est ça, c'est ça. Yeah, that's it, that's it. 1:5:36.2 --> 1:5:38.42 Gigi Kaur Si tu n’évolue pas, ouais. If you don't evolve, yeah. 1:5:39.282 --> 1:5:43.302 Hélène Goulet Ouais exactement tu vois du poids, tu m'as, c'est ça. Yeah, exactly you see weight, you got me, that's it. 1:5:43.342 --> 1:5:49.862 Hélène Goulet C'est si on y va, on n’avance pas, on recule parce qu’on ne peut pas rester statique, c'est, c'est un principe de vie, d'être dynamique alors. It's if you go, you don't go forward, you go back because you can't stay static, it's, it's a principle of life, to be dynamic then. 1:5:50.822 --> 1:5:55.632 Gigi Kaur Ouais alors est-ce que t'es une dernière question? Yeah, so do you have any last questions? 1:5:55.642 --> 1:5:57.162 Gigi Kaur Mais est-ce que vous voulez dire quelque chose d'autre? But is there anything else you'd like to say? 1:5:57.172 --> 1:5:59.192 Gigi Kaur Propos de Yoann les idéologies? Yoann's comments on ideologies? 1:5:59.202 --> 1:6:1.102 Gigi Kaur Vous avez trouvé que vous avez beaucoup d'idées déjà? Have you come up with a lot of ideas yet? 1:6:1.762 --> 1:6:7.952 Hélène Goulet J'ai, j'ai beaucoup dit déjà, puis je voulais expliquer pourquoi je ne voulais pas mettre de photos. I've said a lot already, and then I wanted to explain why I didn't want to put any photos. 1:6:8.42 --> 1:6:21.352 Hélène Goulet Parce qu'avec l'intelligence artificielle maintenant, je trouve que c'est tellement dangereux qu'on utilise notre identité à des mauvaises fins, puis dans mon monde dans lequel j'ai opéré, je suis assez connue. Because with artificial intelligence now, I think it's so dangerous for our identity to be used for the wrong purposes, and then in my world where I've operated, I'm pretty well known. 1:6:21.882 --> 1:6:30.22 Hélène Goulet Et puis ça fait que c'est un peu nerveuse par rapport à ça, c'est pour ça que je ne voulais pas que ça soit mis sur le site. And that makes me a bit nervous about it, which is why I didn't want to put it on the site. 1:6:31.702 --> 1:6:34.312 Gigi Kaur Site web de Iowa, Ouais. Website of Iowa, Yeah. 1:6:30.62 --> 1:6:43.122 Hélène Goulet Je ne sais pas, le site vie la vie sur le campus, soit que je n'ai pas d'objection à utiliser mes initiales, puis utiliser le l'enregistrement dans les salles de classe parce que personne ne peut l'associer à qui la personne? I don't know, site life campus life, either I don't mind using my initials, then use the recording in the classrooms because no one can associate it with who the person? 1:6:43.632 --> 1:6:46.252 Hélène Goulet Parce qu’autrement, je trouve qu'il y a beaucoup de risques. Because otherwise, I think there are a lot of risks. 1:6:46.262 --> 1:6:54.62 Hélène Goulet Maintenant, je ne suis pas très active sur les réseaux sociaux non plus parce que je pense ça non plus, je n’ai pas le temps. Now, I'm not very active on social networks either because I don't have the time. 1:6:55.372 --> 1:6:58.162 Gigi Kaur Vous êtes trop engagés dans la Communauté, ce qu'il faut? You're too involved in the Community, what's needed? 1:6:58.62 --> 1:7:1.122 Hélène Goulet Ouais, c'est ça, c'est ça. Yeah, that's it, that's it. 1:7:7.182 --> 1:7:7.362 Hélène Goulet Ouais. Yes 1:6:59.842 --> 1:7:8.122 Gigi Kaur Oh mais bon je vous laisserai parce que déjà vous étiez là avec moi pendant 1h je vois clairement sur le. Oh well, I'll leave you to it because you were already there with me for 1 hour I can see clearly on the. 1:7:8.432 --> 1:7:19.722 Gigi Kaur Le petit timer fait que merci énormément si jamais t'as d'autres questions ou si vous voulez faire notre projet avec moi, n'hésitez pas à me contacter en espérant que je peux vous contacter aussi si jamais. The small timer makes that thank you very much if you ever have any other questions or if you want to do our project with me, do not hesitate to contact me hoping that I can contact you too if ever. 1:7:19.602 --> 1:7:23.232 Hélène Goulet Oui, certainement, ça me ferait plaisir de te mieux te connaître. Yes, certainly, I'd love to get to know you better. 1:7:26.282 --> 1:7:26.602 Hélène Goulet Okay? Ok 1:7:30.232 --> 1:7:30.452 Hélène Goulet Ouais. Yes 1:7:24.232 --> 1:7:33.372 Gigi Kaur Il n’y a pas de souci, merci beaucoup, puis fait qu’alors je vais couper le brocoli Bing ici fait que c'est ça, c'est top recording. No worries, thank you very much, then fact that then I'll cut the broccoli Bing here makes that's it, it's top recording. Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 1 hours, 7 minutes, 33 seconds Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, https://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Goulet, Hélène (interview) Description An account of the resource The 1970s experience : Protest, Activism, Vietnam War, Feminism, 70s Media, UOttawa Campus, Francophone. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource October 30, 2023 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Thomas Boogaart Relation A related resource Goulet, Helene Language A language of the resource French Type The nature or genre of the resource oral history 1970s Abortion Bilingualism Campus Hangouts Dating Drugs Faculty of Arts Faculty of Law Feminism Gender Generational Differences Marriage Popular Music Queer Religion Sexuality Sports Student Life The Pill University of Ottawa Person An individual. Birth Date 1954 Birthplace Dalkeith, ON, Canada Schools Attended BA University of Ottawa, 1971-1974 (Literature) Bachelor of Education, University of Ottawa, 1975 MBA/LLB, University of Ottawa, 1978-1985 Certificate d'Etudes Superieure, St Paul's, 2015-2016 Career professional Occupation Senior Public Servant Ethnicity French Religious Culture Protestant Christian Devotional Life practicing Gender Identity woman Sexual Orientation straight Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, https://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Goulet, Helene