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                <text>A YouTube video of an interview of actor Walter Borden, where he discusses experiencing discrimination in theatre at a young age, in his school play. &#13;
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                <text> Andrew Moodie</text>
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                <text>Moodie, Andrew. “Walter Borden on being Black and his 1954 school play.” Canada’s Theatre Museum. June 16, 2020. YouTube, 3:39. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vhm8DlW4Apw</text>
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                <text>YouTube, Canada’s Theatre Museum&#13;
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                <text>BTW Interviews Tyrone Benskin about Black Theatre Workshop</text>
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                <text> Black Theatre Workshop</text>
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                <text>Black Theatre Workshop. “BTW Interviews Tyrone Benskin about Black Theatre Workshop” Black Theatre Workshop. September 13th, 2018. YouTube, 6:43. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZaqV5GSQ97A</text>
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                <text> Interviewed June 2010, Published to YouTube September 13th, 2018</text>
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                <text>YouTube, Black Theatre Workshop</text>
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                <text>Bertrand Bickersteth was born in Sierra Leone but was raised in the Canadian Prairies. His African heritage has had a huge impact on his life in the Canadian Prairies. He is a writer in an African periodical that is in Calgary, and he studied the African language for his master's. </text>
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                <text> Jared Sych</text>
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                <text>"Bertrand Bickersteth" from the &lt;a href="https://www.avenuecalgary.com/city-life/things-calgary-poet-and-scholar-bertrand-bickersteth-loves/"&gt;Calgary Avenue Magazine&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>The Stages of the Little Burgundy Urban Renewal Project</text>
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                <text>Urban Renewal in Little Burgundy </text>
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                <text>The name Little Burgundy (St. Antoine District) only became a recognized neighbourhood name in the 1960s, when city officials used it to label an ambitious urban renewal project. For decades, the community had been heavily dependent on railway employment, which provided stable work and a sense of economic security. When passenger train travel declined in the 1950s and 1960s, hundreds of Black men were laid off, creating immediate financial hardship. At the same time, the city reorganized urban space to prioritize white suburban commuters, constructing new highways that cut directly through the northern part of the neighbourhood demolishing large sections to make way for public housing. These twin pressures of economic collapse and forced displacement threatened to erase the community and its vibrant culture.&#13;
&#13;
Yet the residents of Little Burgundy fought to preserve their identity. Jazz clubs, restaurants, and social hubs like the Black Bottom became critical for resistance, providing spaces to gather, celebrate their culture, and assert their presence despite systemic efforts to push them out. Even as the community dispersed and its culture faded slowly over the decades, initiatives today are actively working to revive and honor Little Burgundy’s rich heritage. Cultural events, heritage walks, and museums now celebrate the neighbourhood’s jazz history, its Black-owned businesses, and the stories of resilience that defined this vital Montreal community, bringing the spirit of Little Burgundy back to life for new generations.&#13;
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                <text> La Petite Bourgogne: Rapport general</text>
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                <text>The Stages of the Little Burgundy Urban Renewal Project, Ville de Montréal, Service d’Urbanisme. La Petite Bourgogne: Rapport general, September 1966. CA M001 VM097-Z-D026, Archives de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada &#13;
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                <text>Archives de Montréal</text>
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                <text>Archives de Montréal</text>
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                <text>Newspaper Article About Viola Desmond's Court Case</text>
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                <text>Newspaper page from &lt;em&gt;The Clarion&lt;/em&gt; about Viola Desmond's Court Case, discussing what the case is about and when the trial will occur.</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;The Clarion&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                <text>"Take Action". &lt;em&gt;The Clarion&lt;/em&gt;, December 1946, 1.</text>
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                <text>The Clarion, Nova Scotia Archives</text>
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                <text>"The Slow And Welcome Death Of Africville,"&amp;nbsp;&lt;em&gt;The Star weekly&lt;/em&gt;, 1966.</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;The Star Weekly&lt;/em&gt;</text>
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                <text>Relocation and Its Aftermath: A Journey Behind the Headlines, Africville: A Spirit That Lives On</text>
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                <text>Halifax Municipal Archives</text>
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                <text>This article highlights Aaron “Pa” Carvery’s role during Africville’s final days, portraying him as both a symbol of resistance and a keeper of community pride. The description of the relocation as a “slow death” shows how deeply painful and drawn-out the destruction was for residents, and Pa Carvery’s refusal to leave until the very end showcases his emotional connection to the place he called home. As the last person to leave Africville, his stand wasn’t about money or stubbornness, it was about dignity, memory, and refusing to let the community’s spirit be erased without a fight. His story shows how one individual could embody an entire community’s resilience.</text>
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                <text>A letter from A. Philip Randolph, the president of the Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters (BSCP), to Stanley Grizzle, written in March 1955. Randolph thanks Grizzle for his prior letter, in which Grizzle brought to attention the fact that Black men would not be hired as sleeping car conductors by the Canadian Pacific Railroad (CPR). Randolph congratulates Grizzle on his legal battle with the CPR, and their failure to uphold the Canada Fair Employment Practices Act. Randolph states that the BSCP is working on a proposal for the Canadian Pacific Railway for the promotion of sleeping car porters to sleeping car conductors. He ends the letter with the following valediction: “Fraternally yours.” This salutation demonstrates the brotherhood and camaraderie between members of the BSCP, and their mutual respect for working towards a common goal. </text>
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                <text>Randolph, A. Philip. Letter to Stanley G. Grizzle. March 29, 1955.  https://museumoftoronto.com/collection/conditions-segregation/.</text>
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                <text>This map shows the land divisions, settlements, and waterways of Shelburne County, Nova Scotia—including the area around Birchtown. Founded in 1783 by Black Loyalists, Birchtown would go on to become the largest free Black community in colonial Canada. This settlement was named as such in honour of General Samuel Birch, who contributed to the Book of Negroes and signed the passports of Black Loyalists, allowing them to get to Nova Scotia safely.  &#13;
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Displaying this map shows that free Black settlements were neither temporary nor informal: they were planned and recorded, lasting for decades after the abolition. Additionally, the existence of a settlement established by Black Loyalists for Black Loyalists shows that their struggle for agency in a new world was rooted in geography as much as it was rooted in identity.  </text>
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                <text>A Section of Hogan's Alley Containing a few Houses and People</text>
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                <text>A.L. Yates</text>
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                <text>City of Vancouver Archives</text>
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                <text>Bu P508.53</text>
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        <name>Mapping Black History</name>
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              <text>Oil on canvas</text>
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                <text>The Red Maple</text>
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                <text>© National Gallery of Canada.</text>
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        <name>Landscape</name>
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        <name>Recovering the Black Canadian Landscape</name>
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